ISSN 2326-7267
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 4 (12), pp. 001-006, December, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus amarus against extended spectrum - lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolated from stool samples of HIV sero-positive patients with or without diarrhoea
O. J. Akinjogunla1*, N. O. Eghafona2, I. O. Enabulele2, C. I. Mboto3 and F. O. Ogbemudia4
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, P.M.B 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, P.M.B.1154 Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
4Department of Botany and Ecological Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, P.M.B 1017, Uyo , Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Accepted 25 January, 2015
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of extracts of the root and leaf of Phyllanthus amarus was assessed against extend spectrum -lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from the stool samples of HIV sero - positive patients with or without diarrhoea between January, 2009 and April, 2009 using Bauer disc diffusion method. The phenotypic confirmation of ESBL -E. coli were done by Double Disc Synergistic Methods (DDST). The phytochemical analysis of both root and leaf revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycoside, terpenes and anthraquinones. The strains isolated from both HIV sero- positive patients were susceptible to various concentrations of the extracts (5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg ml-1). In view of the efficacy of these extracts in inhibiting the growth of extend spectrum -lactamase producing E. coli in HIV sero-positive patients, the utilization of the extracts in the formulation of new antibacterial drugs for the treatment of gastroenteritis in HIV positive patients caused by this organism is strongly recommended especially when the availability and low cost of these medicinal plants are put into strong consideration.
Key words: Escherichia coli, susceptibility, Phyllanthus amarus, HIV, cephalosporin, beta-lactamase.