ISSN 2169-3048
International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 13 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of Phyto-nutrients and Antioxidative Effects of Sida acuta Leaf Extract in Rats
Nwankpa P.1*, Chukwuemeka O. G.2, Uloneme G. C.3, Etteh C. C.1, Ugwuezumba P.4 and Nwosu D.5
1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.
3Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
4Department of Medical Lab. Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
5Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
Received 3 May, 2024; Accepted 13 July, 2024
Phytochemical, micronutrient composition and anti-oxidative potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta in albino wistar rats were investigated using standard analytical methods. The result (mg/100 for phytochemical composition were 91.46 ± 0.02 tannin, 1500.36 ± 0.36 alkaloid, 530.27 ± 0.03 saponin, 1163.86 ± 0.1 flavonoid, 1454.50 ± 0.85 steriod, 115.29 ± 0.05 terpeniods and 851.62 ± 0.01 cardiac glycosides. The vitamin composition (mg/100 g) were 0.36 ± 0.01 thiamin, 0.19 ± 0.02 niacin, 24.27 ± 0.25 ascorbic acid, 1.85 ± 0.32 tocopherol, 0.12 ± 0.05 riboflavin while mineral composition (mg/100 mg) was 14428 ± 0.02, 122.11 ± 0.01, 325.12 ± 0.02 for calcium, magnesium and zinc, respectively. To determine the antioxidative potential, twenty-four adult wistar albino rats were divided into four groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 received feed and water (control) while group 2, 3 and 4 in addition to feed and water were treated with ethanol leaf extract of S. acuta at 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg body weight, respectively. After 14 days of treatment; the rats were sacrificed and plasma obtained for oxidative stress indices assay. The result showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in mean values of plasma malondialdehyde concentration and a significant increase (P < 0.05) in reduced glutathione concentration at 40 and 60 mg/kg body weight compared to the control group. Plasma catalase and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly increased (P < 0.05) only in animals treated with 60 mg/kg body weight compared to the control group. The result showed that ethanolic leaf extract of S. acuta possesses an antioxidant property which, in a dose-dependent manner, reduces/ameliorates oxidative stress in rats.
Key words: Sida acuta, rats, micronutrients, phytochemical, oxidative stress.