Adsorption Dynamics and Kinetic Modeling of Malachite Green Dye Removal Sourced from Clay Deposits

International Journal of Chemistry | Vol. 2, No. 3, March 2011 | pp. 35–43

DOI: 10.46882/2011/IJC/000029

Article Type: Original Research Paper

Title: Adsorption Dynamics and Kinetic Modeling of Malachite Green Dye Removal Sourced from Clay Deposits

Names of Authors: B. U. Osuji¹, C. N. Ibeto¹*

Authors’ Affiliations:
¹Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

Abstract: Industrial wastewater from paper and leather tanning plants contains toxic cationic dyes that cause mutations in aquatic fauna if left untreated. This paper details the adsorptive removal of Malachite Green (MG) dye from aqueous systems utilizing local acid-activated bentonite clay deposits as an affordable adsorbent matrix. The raw clay was treated with 2.0 M H₂SO₄ to increase porosity and surface area parameters, which were verified using nitrogen adsorption isotherms and FT-IR spectroscopy. Batch experiments tracked changes in initial dye concentration, solution pH, contact time, and adsorbent dose. Maximum MG adsorption occurred at a solution pH of 8.0, using an adsorbent load of 0.5 g/L within 60 minutes. The equilibrium extraction profiles matched the Langmuir isotherm equations, yielding a high monolayer adsorption capacity of 82.64 mg/g at 303 K. Kinetic modeling parameters showed that the adsorption path conformed to a pseudo-second-order model with a high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.997), proving that chemical ion exchange reactions governed the transfer process. Thermodynamic metrics confirmed process spontaneity and endothermic characteristics, highlighting this modified local clay as a viable material for treatment of commercial industrial effluents.

Keywords: Bentonite clay; Acid activation; Malachite green; Adsorption kinetics; Chemisorption; Wastewater treatment

Manuscript Timeline: Received: December 02, 2010; Revised: January 15, 2011; Accepted: February 04, 2011; Published: March 03, 2011.

Citation: Osuji, B. U., & Ibeto, C. N. (2011). Adsorption Dynamics and Kinetic Modeling of Malachite Green Dye Removal Sourced from Clay Deposits. International Journal of Chemistry, 2(3), 35–43.

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