An Energy-Efficient Clustering Topology for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

International Journal of Computer Science and Technology | Vol. 13, No. 5, May 2011 | pp. 29–35
DOI: 10.46882/2011/IJCST/000111

Research Article

Title: An Energy-Efficient Clustering Topology for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Names of Authors: Siddharth S. Rao¹, Elena M. Kuznetsova²

Authors’ Affiliations: ¹Department of Electronic Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; ²School of Computer Science, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are heavily constrained by limited battery capacities at individual sensor nodes, necessitating robust energy-saving architectures to prolong operating lifetimes. Hierarchical clustering algorithms, notably Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), mitigate transmission power demands but often fail to distribute cluster head workloads uniformly. This paper introduces an Energy-Efficient Clustering Topology (EECT) utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to optimize the selection of cluster heads based on multi-criteria metrics. The objective fitness function dynamically weights residual energy reserves, spatial distances to the base station, and intra-cluster distances. Simulations using MATLAB 2010b demonstrate that EECT balances power depletion across the network topology efficiently. Compared against conventional LEACH, the proposed PSO-driven mechanism delayed the first node dead state by 34.2% and increased total packet delivery metrics by 21.5%. Total power dissipation parameters stabilized at 0.12 J per round under dense network states (node count >= 200). Statistical t-tests validated the operational advantages of EECT with an alpha level of 0.01. This framework yields a scalable, high-durability approach for structural health monitoring installations and environmental tracking applications where manual battery replacement remains impossible.

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Cluster Optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization, Network Lifetime, LEACH

Manuscript Timeline: Received February 11, 2011; Revised March 25, 2011; Accepted April 14, 2011; Published May 22, 2011.

Citation: Rao, S. S., & Kuznetsova, E. M. (2011). An Energy-Efficient Clustering Topology for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Particle Swarm Optimization. International Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 13(5), 29–35.

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