A Robust Digital Image Watermarking Scheme in the Discrete Wavelet Transform Domain

International Journal of Computer Science and Technology | Vol. 5, No. 6, June 2003 | pp. 41–48

DOI: 10.46882/2003/IJCST/000046

Article Type: Original Research Paper

Title: A Robust Digital Image Watermarking Scheme in the Discrete Wavelet Transform Domain

Names of Authors: Elena Rostova¹, Carlos Mendez²

Authors’ Affiliations: ¹Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Saint Petersburg State University, Russia; ²Department of Informatics, University of Barcelona, Spain

Abstract: Copyright protection of digital multimedia assets has become an urgent concern with the widespread adoption of unencrypted internet distribution platforms. This paper presents a robust, imperceptible digital image watermarking technique operating in the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) domain. The proposed method decomposes the host image into three resolution levels, embedding a pseudo-random binary sequence watermark into the high-frequency sub-bands (LH and HL) to guarantee transparency. Watermark insertion values are adaptively adjusted based on localized human visual system parameters, achieving a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 42.15 ± 0.35 dB across standard test images. Robustness benchmarks show the embedded signature can be recovered with a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.92 after severe JPEG compression down to a 20% quality factor. The system also shows high resilience against malicious attacks, including median filtering, salt-and-pepper noise injection, and cropping.

Keywords: Digital Watermarking, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Copyright Protection, Information Hiding, Robustness, Image Processing

Manuscript Timeline: Received: February 02, 2003; Revised: March 24, 2003; Accepted: April 29, 2003; Published: June 08, 2003

Citation: Rostova, E., & Mendez, C. (2003). A Robust Digital Image Watermarking Scheme in the Discrete Wavelet Transform Domain. International Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 5(6), 41–48.

Subscribe to read the full article: https://www.internationalscholarsjournals.org/subscribe-to-read