ISSN 2756-3707
International Journal of Histology and Cytology ISSN 2756-3707 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-013, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Biochemical and Morphological Changes in Cultured Psammomys obesus Adventitial Fibroblasts
Boumaza S.1*, Neggazi S.1, Hamlat N1., Sahraoui H.1, Berdja S.1, Smail L. 1, Kacimi G.2, Gernigon T.3, Benazzoug Y.4, and Aouichat Bouguerra S.1
1Laboratory of Cellular and Molécular Physiopathology, Institute of Natural Sciences, University of Technological Sciences, Houari Boumediene, BP 32 DZ-16011 EL ALLIA, Algiers, Algeria.
2Laboratory of Biochemistry of Central Hospital of Army, Algiers, Algeria.
3 Equip of Reproduction of Small Vertebrates, Laboratory of Arid Areas Research, ISN, USTHB, BP 32 DZ-16011 EL
ALLIA, Algiers.
4Laboratory of Biochemistry and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria.
Accepted 2 October, 2024
Oxidative stress causes hypertrophy and apoptosis, which are both implicated in various pathogenesis, particularly in cardiovascular diseases. Within this framework, we chose to analyze certain physiopathological aspects (lipid peroxidation, proliferation, extracellular matrix remodeling, hypertrophy and oncosis conducting the cell to apoptosis) induced by hydrogen peroxide on adventitial fibroblasts in culture of Psammomys obesus. In secondary culture, the fibroblasts were exposed to 1.2 mM of H2O2 during 24 h. The cellular proliferation was evaluated by counting. A morphological and morphometric study was carried out after a coloring of the cells with orange acridine and May Grunwald Giemsa. The quantification of total malonaldehyde, total proteins and total collagens was carried out in the extra and intracellular compartments. The proportioning of NO was carried out by the determination of the concentration of total nitrites. The main results obtained indicated a reduction in cellular proliferation, an oncosis, a compensatory hypertrophy of the fibroblasts, a hypercondensation of chromatin, which is typical of apoptotic cells, an increase in malonaldehyde and nitrite production. Alterations such as a decrease in the production of proteins and total collagens were observed in the extracellular compartment of the cultured fibroblasts. Oxidative stress caused by high amounts of H2O2 induces biochemical deteriorations marked by an overproduction of NO, of malondialdéhyde as well as a reduction in proteins and total collagens. These biochemical disturbances are at the origin of the morphological deteriorations which are responsible for the loss of cellular viability leading to apoptosis.
Key words: Adventitial fibroblasts, oxidative stress, cellular culture, H2O2, apoptosis.