ISSN 2375-1185
African Journal of Agronomy ISSN: 2375-1185 Vol. 11 (3), pp. 001-011, March, 2023. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effects of hydraulic retention time and media of constructed wetland for treatment of domestic wastewater
Suntud Sirianuntapiboon1*, Manoch Kongchum2 and Worawut Jitmaikasem1
1Department of Environmental Technology, School of Energy and Materials, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
2Department of Agronomyand Environmental Management, Louisiana State University, Botan Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Accepted 16 November, 2022
Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of varying soil-to-sand ratios of constructed wetland on wastewater treating efficiency. Wetland beds were prepared with locally available plants, specifically cattail (Typha sp.). Treatment efficiency was evaluated for parameters such as BOD5, COD, SS, TKN and TP. The results indicated that the nutrient reduction corresponds to a longer retention time in wetland beds. Under the longest hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 days, the system with media containing a soil-to-sand ratio of 75:25 illustrated the highest removal efficiencies of BOD5, COD, SS, TKN and TP by 92±5, 91±%, 76±9, 90±3 and 95±3%, respectively. The infiltration rate was also decreased after operation, particularly in the treatment with lower sand content. However, the highest growth rate of cattail was found under the shortest HRT (0.75 day) condition.
Key words: Hydraulic retention time (HRT), Media, Typha sp., constructed wetland.