ISSN 1576-3420
Global Journal of Endocrinology and Diabetes Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-007, June 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Elevation of oxidative stress markers in Type 1 diabetic children
Amina Boudghene Stambouli-Guerriche1, Nassima Mokhtari-Soulimane1*,
Hafida Merzouk1, Sid-Ahmed Merzouk2 and Ahmed Salih Bendedouche3
1Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +213555879855.
2Department of Technical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tlemcen, Algeria.
3Pediatrics Department, University-Hospital Centre, Tlemcen, Algeria.
Accepted 21 May, 2022
Abstract
Children’s diabetes is represented by the Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In T1DM, the persistence of hyperglycemia has been reported to cause increased production of oxygen free radicals through glucose autooxidation and nonenzymatic glycation. The aim of this study was to evaluate markers of oxidant/antioxidant status in diabetic children of Western Algeria. This study included 40 children with T1DM with mean age of 7.5 ± 1.7 years and 40 healthy age and sex matched controls. They were subjected to assessment of indicative parameters of lipoperoxidation, protein oxidation, changes in the status of antioxidant defense systems, plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol and triglycerides. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl proteins levels in plasma were significantly higher (4.03 ± 0.39 versus 2.53 ± 0.4 µmol/L, 5.03 ± 0.57 versus 3 ± 0.38 nmol/mg protein, respectively; P < 0.001) and a significant reduction in plasma total antioxidant capacity and vitamin C was observed in diabetic children than the controls (1.55 ± 0.28 versus 2.5 ± 0.23 AU, 37.58 ± 5.76 versus 48.8 ± 4.47 µmol/L, respectively; P < 0.001). Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly higher (520 ± 40.42 versus 392.7 ± 42.66 U/g hemoglobin, 71.08 ± 5.18 versus 56.6 ± 2.84 U/g hemoglobin, respectively; P < 0.001), whereas erythrocyte glutathione reductase (GSH) reduced significantly (34.98 ± 2.34 versus 42.68 ± 3.03 U/g hemoglobin, respectively; P < 0.001) in diabetic children than the control subject. The present finding suggested that young diabetic patients were susceptible to oxidative stress. Appropriate support for enhancing antioxidant supply in these patients may help prevent complications due to oxidative injury.
Key words: Children, oxidative stress, Type 1 diabetes mellitus.