International Journal of Manures and Fertilizers

International Journal of Manures and Fertilizers ISSN 2756-3863 Vol. 11 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Use of locally available organic and inorganic resources to restore sodic soils in northern Tanzania

Joachim H. J. R. Makoi and Patrick A. Ndakidemi^*

Research and Technology Promotion, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town Campus, Keizergracht, P.O. Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.

Accepted 23 October, 2022

Abstract

Sodic soils could produce useful maize (Zea mays L.) crop yields if reclaimed by appropriate techniques. A field experiment was conducted on the selected lowlands of northern Tanzania using a randomised complete block design to study the effectiveness of supplying gypsum (CaSO₄.2H₂O) or farmyard manure (FMY) alone or both mixtures on the reclamation of a sodic soil. Sodic soil and FYM were characterised to establish their quality status before any intervention was introduced. The treatment used included: control, FYM alone (25 t ha^-1), FYM (25 t ha^-1) combined with gypsum (12.5 t ha^-1) and gypsum alone (12.5 t ha^-1). The treatments were replicated four times. Selected numbers of soil physical and chemical properties were then investigated. Results from our study revealed that regardless of the amendments used, maize yield and all soil physical and chemical properties tested were improved in Year 2 (Y2) relative to Year 1 (Y1). Our results also showed that combining FYM with gypsum significantly (p 0.05) improved pH, electrical conductivity of the saturated paste (ECe), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), infiltration rate (IR), osmotic potential (OP) and available water capacity (AWC) of sodic soils. The FYM was the second- best treatment in the improvement of pH, ESP and EC whereas gypsum was second in the improvement of ESP, IR and maize yield.

Key words: Available water capacity, electrical conductivity, exchangeable sodium percentage, farm yard manure, gypsum, infiltration rate, maize, osmotic potential, salts, sodium.