Energy-Efficient Topology Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks via Minimum Spanning Trees

International Journal of Computer Science and Technology | Vol. 8, No. 7, June 2006 | pp. 49–56

DOI: 10.46882/2006/IJCST/080722

Research Article

Title: Energy-Efficient Topology Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks via Minimum Spanning Trees

Names of Authors: Budi Santoso¹, Grace Hopper Moore²

Authors’ Affiliations: ¹Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; ²Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, USA

Abstract:
Sensors in battery-powered wireless networks must conserve energy to avoid network disconnections caused by early power depletion. This paper develops an energy-efficient topology control protocol that reduces node transmission power while keeping the network fully connected. The protocol uses a localized adaptation of the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) algorithm, where each node updates its transmission range based on distance vector estimates collected from immediate neighbors. Network simulations with 300 sensor nodes spread across a 600m x 600m field show that the protocol extended the network's operational lifetime by 37.4% compared to un-optimized networks. The average transmission power per node fell from P = 25 mW down to P = 8.4 mW ± 0.6 mW. The system minimized packet loss rates to less than 1.5% during routing phases, confirming that local topology controls can protect wireless network lifespans without creating routing delays.

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Topology Control, Minimum Spanning Tree, Energy Management, Network Simulation

Manuscript Timeline: Received April 05, 2006; Revised May 18, 2006; Accepted June 05, 2006; Published June 28, 2006

Citation: Santoso, B., & Moore, G. H. (2006). Energy-Efficient Topology Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks via Minimum Spanning Trees. International Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 8(7), 49–56.

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