ISSN 2756-3820
International Journal of Medical Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-010, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Review
HIV and AIDS and farm labor productivity: A review of recent evidence in Africa
Kwadwo Asenso-Okyere1*, Catherine Aragon2, Paul Thangata1, Kwaw Andam1 and Daniel Ayalew Mekonnen1
1International Food Policy Research Institute, P. O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
2International Food Policy Research Institute, 2033 K Street, Washington, D.C. 20006-1002, USA.
Accepted 25 October, 2018
Abstract
Three quarters of the world’s poor live in rural areas and they depend on agriculture for livelihood. Labor migration to high agricultural producing areas, funerals, traditional festivals, poverty and loose lifestyles contribute to high incidence of HIV infections in rural areas. Poor health due to AIDS brings hardships to households including debilitation, substantial monetary expenditures, loss of labor, and eventually death. The health status of adults affects the duration of labor force participation and consequently the welfare of the household. This review looks at the evidence on the effects of HIV and AIDS on farm households with respect to absenteeism due to morbidity, and eventual death; family time devoted to caring for the sick; and loss of savings, and farm assets as disease afflicts a household. The outcomes of the health condition on loss of farming knowledge, planting of less labor-intensive crops, reduction of crops planted, and fewer livestock are discussed. The ultimate impact of HIV and AIDS is a decline in household income and possible food insecurity, that is, deterioration in household livelihood.
Key words: HIV, AIDS, disease, assets, productivity.