African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management

African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 11 (5), pp. 001-008, May, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The Impact of Consistent Exercise and Diferuloyl Methane Supplementation on Reducing Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Cardiac Tissue

Atena Yazdanshenas¹, Valiollah Dabidi Roshan², Javad Ashrafi²

¹Exercise Physiology, Azad University of Sari, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.

²College of Physical Education and Sport Science, Department of Sport Physiology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.

Accepted 08 June, 2024

Abstract

We have investigated the cardioprotective effects of regular physical activity and/or diferuloyl methane supplement (DMS) on cytokines such as; apelin, high sensitive C-reactive protein (HS-CRP), tumor necrosis factor TNF-α and E-selectin, and oxidative stress-related biomarkers such as; total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), in male rats exposed to lead acetate (Pb). Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (1) pb (2) diferuloyl methane supplement (DMS), (3) regular physical activity (RPA), (4)physical activity +DMS (5) sham (saline) groups. The rats in the 1 to 4 groups received pb (20 mg/kg, 3 times a week for 8 weeks). Also, the 3 and 4 groups experienced the training of 15 to 22 m/min for 25 to 64 minutes, 5 times a week for 8 weeks, whereas, the 2 and 4 groups received DMS solution (30 mg/kg, 3 times a week for 8 weeks). However, rats in 5 group received ethyl oleat solvent. pb administration resulted in significant decrease in apelin and TAC levels, and significantly increased MDA, HS-CRP, TNF-α and E-selectin in heart homogenized tissue. In contrast, DMS, regular physical activity, and both interventions significantly reversed apelin, HS-CRP, TNF-α and E-selectin cytokines levels, and oxidative stress-related biomarkers (TAC and MDA) concentrations. These results suggest that the healthy lifestyle including regular physical activityand antioxidants caused reversing lead-induced cardiotoxicity.

Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease, Cytokines, Regular physical activity, Pb, Antioxidant.