ISSN 2736-1756
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 19 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2025. www.internationalscholarsjournals.org/ © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Epidemiology of bacterial resistance and detection of metallo-β-lactamase (blaNDM) and imipenemase (blaIMP) resistance genes at CERBA
Géraud Joël GUIGMA*1,2, Prosper BADO1, Valérie Bapio BAZIE1,2, Tampoubila Edwige YELEMKOURE1, Serge Théophile SOUBEIGA1,2, Delwende Leslie KABORE, Désiré ILBOUDO1, Amana METUOR DABIRE1,3, Albert Théophane YONLI1 and Jacques SIMPORE1
1Center de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), 01 BP 364/Ouagadougou/ Burkina Faso
2Center National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/Ouagadougou/ Burkina Faso
3University of Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly/Burkina Faso
Abstract
Received 6 January, 2025; Revised 28 February, 2025; Accepted 3 March, 2025; Published 7 April, 2025
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health concern. Producing new β-lactamases and carbapenemases is one form of resistance that preoccupies many scientists. The risk of the spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPCs) is a major public health issue, as these enzymes restrict therapeutic options and are often associated with other mechanisms, conferring multi-resistance on strains. Our study aimed to characterize the blaIMP and blaNDM resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from urine cultures and genital swabs at CERBA from 2020 to 2023. Methodology: Pathogens were isolated on agar media, then identified using the API 20 E gallery; Imipenem-resistant strains were subjected to the traditional Hodge test to verify carbapenemase production. Detection of the IMP and NDM resistance genes coding for carbapenemases was carried out by multiplex real-time PCR at CERBA. Results: 1119 samples have been received for bacteriological analysis since January 2020. We noted 14.2% positivity to a clinically pathogenic strain. Bacterial species diversity was dominated by Escherichia coli in 54.71% of cases, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.72%). We observed a predominance of the NDM gene (97.9%) over IMP (2.1%). In some cases, we noted the coexistence of the IMP and NDM genes in Escherichia coli. Conclusion: This study enabled us to characterize the IMP and NDM resistance genes in isolation (IMP/NDM) or coexisting together (IMP+NDM) in Enterobacteriaceae isolates at CERBA. This study also enabled us to determine the frequency of bacterial species in bacterial culture samples at CERBA.
Key words: IMP, NDM, Enterobacteriaceae, β-lactamase, Carbapenemase.