ISSN 2326-7267
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN 2326-7267 Vol. 11 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of anticandidal activity of Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jaeq. (Sapindaceae)
Muhammad Khurram1,2*, Abdul Hameed2, Muhammad Usman Amin3, Ahtasham Gul4, Naseem Ullah1, Mohammad Hassan5, Abdul Qayum6, Kamran Ahmad Chishti1 and Wajeeha Manzoor7
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan.
2Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
3Department of Pharmacology, Kohat Institute of Medical Sciences, Kohat, Pakistan.
4Federal Bureau of Statistics, Regional Office, Peshawar Cantt, Peshawar, Pakistan.
5Gandhara College of Pharmacy, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
6Department of Pharmacology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.
7Frontier College for Women, Frontier Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Accepted 12 September, 2021
Abstract
The activity of fractions derived from hydroalcoholic extract of Dodonaea viscosa leaves against Candida albicans (Cl. I. 4043) was evaluated. The hydroalcoholic extract was sequentially fractionated to give n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and n-butanol fractions that were subjected to qualitative phytochemical analyses. Disk diffusion assay was used in preliminary anticandidal screening with clotrimazole and chloroform serving as positive and negative controls, respectively. Optimized solvent systems were used for thin layer chromatography (TLC) that was followed by contact bioautography to evaluate the bioactivities of the fractions. Using broth microdilution technique, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the individual fractions were established. With the exception of aqueous fraction all the fractions exhibited anticandidal activities (zone of inhibition 10 mm) in preliminary screening against test yeast. However, n-hexane fraction showed two inhibition zones at Rf = 0.14 and 0.60 in contact bioautography, which indicates location of inhibitory compounds. The MIC of 62.5 µg/ml also supports the presence of anticandidal moieties in n-hexane fraction. Flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and steroids were the main metabolites indicated in phytochemical screenings.
Key words: Dodonaea viscosa, Sapindaceae, anticandidal activity, contact bioautography.