African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ISSN: 2198-4638 Vol. 4 (9), pp. 667-673, October, 2016. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research

A reflective study on the reasons for increase of Cesarean section rate

Enver E. Mula¹*, Andon B. Aurela², Tony Elhaida³, Elvana Gaçe³ and Andon Martins James³

¹Departament of Medical- Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, Tiranë, Albania.

²Deparatament of Obstetric- Gynecology, Maternity Hospital " Koço Gliozheni " Tiranë, Albania

³Departament of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, Tiranë, Albania.

E-mail: envar.mula@yahoo.com 

Accepted 5 August, 2016

Abstract

Cesarean section is a surgical procedure which allows the child to birth through uterus incision. Cesarean birth is a procedure that gives resolve problems such as maternal and fetal complications. To study the incidence of cesarean birth, 1982 to 2000 with 2011 to 2013 years were compared to determine indications that contribute to the trend of the increasing number of cesarean deliveries. We studied the clinical charts of 2011 to 2013 from the statistic department of Maternity Hospital "Koço Gliozheni" Tiranë, Albania. For statistical analysis, Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) 11.5 package was used. This is a descriptive study and values will be presented in frequency and percentage. Study of clinical charts of 2011 to 2013 resulted in an average rate of cesarean deliveries of approximately 32.3%. In the year 1982 to 1984, the percentage of cesarean birth was approximately 8.7%, while in 1999 to 2000 the percentage of cesarean birth was approximately 21.7%. Indications that are most important in this study that have contributed to an increase in the number of cesarean births are preeclampsia (9.2%), fetal suffering (13.9%), premature rupture of membranes (9.8%) and the indication which has greater influence in the rising rate of cesarean delivery is previous cesarean births (36.5%). The most frequent reasons for cesarean births in the center where the study was conducted for years January, 2011 till December, 2013 are: previous cesarean section, preeclampsia, fetal suffering. So, previous cesarean births are the most important factor in making decisions about the way of delivery, while in 1982 to 1984 the important factor was fetal suffering. Previous cesarean birth and multiple pregnancies (due to the increased number of in vitro fertilization) represent a growing trend. However, this high percentage of cesarean births in our center is unwarranted, so physicians should be very careful when they select patients for cesarean section. Careful monitoring of the fetus will help in reducing cesarean birth rate in our hospital.

Key words: Cesarean section, fetal and maternal complications, maternal indications, fetal indications.