ISSN 2326-7291
International Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology Vol. 1 (3), pp. 031-034, December, 2012. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Infectiousness of brain and salivary gland suspension from rabies suspected dogs
Faris Esayas1, Adem Hiko1*, Abraham Ali2, Adem Kedir3 and Linda Kokorevica4
1Departments of Veterinary Epidemiology, Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, P.O. Box. 289-Haramaya University-Ethiopia.
2Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI), P. O. Box. 1242, Addis Ababa-Ethiopia.
3Departments of Statistics, College of Information Communication, Haramaya University, P. O. Box. 138
Dire Dawa-Ethiopia.
4Preclinical Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Latvian University of Agriculture P.O. Box. 3004,
Jelgava – Latvia P.S. Latvia.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 00 251 910 10 13 68.
Received 16 October, 2012; Accepted 11 December, 2012
Abstract
Experimental study was conducted on rabies at Ethiopia Health and Nutrition Research Institute to assess the infectiousness of brain and salivary gland tissue suspensions from 13 rabies suspected cases of dog. Fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and mice inoculation test (MIT) were applied. Suspensions from each tissue of individual dog head was prepared and inoculated into intracranial in paired 10 mice pre head of dog. Rabies symptoms from these mice were considered over 30 days of observation and used as evaluation of infectiousness of the suspension. Among both suspensions prepared from 13 rabies suspected cases, 61.5% of each brain and salivary gland tissue were determined rabies positive using FAT. A 53.8% of the brains and 69.2% of salivary glands were found positive by MIT, having a significant difference in sensitivity (P<0.05). Out of the 260 mice inoculated, 55% showed clinical signs of rabies. Of which, 46% (60/130) were those mice inoculated with brain suspension and 63% (83/130) with salivary glands by proportion, showing significant difference (P < 0.05). From 260 inoculated mice, 74% found dead, of which 67% (88/130) and 80% (105/130) was inoculated with brain and salivary gland suspensions, respectively. The salivary glands suspensions were determined to be highly infectiousness than that of the brain (P<0.05). It was concluded that salivary glands suspensions is highly infectiousness than that of brain which could be from the higher virus titer in the salivary gland during symptoms and virus shading by infected cases.
Key words: Rabies virus, brain, salivary gland, infectiousness.