African Journal of Agriculture

African Journal of Agriculture ISSN 2375-1134 Vol. 11 (4), pp. 001-006, April, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genetic instability in neoallopolyploids: Exploring DNA introgression in synthetic hexaploid wheat × Aegilops peregrine

Youwei Yang^1,2, Lianquan Zhang^1,2, Zehong Yan^1,2, Youliang Zheng^1,2 and Dengcai Liu^1,2,3*

¹Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, P. R. China.
²Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University,
Yaan 625014, Sichuan, P. R. China.
³Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Qinghai 810001, P. R. China.

Accepted 18 November, 2023

Abstract

SHW-L1 is a newly synthetic hexaploid wheat, which has a genomic combination analogous to that of natural common wheat. In the present study, intergeneric F1 hybrids of SHW-L1 - Aegilops peregrina AS24 were produced without embryo rescue. Among the 31 F1 hybrid plants observed, 20 had the expected chromosome number 2n = 35 and were euploids (genome ABDUSl). The remainder 11 plants were aneuploids with 33, 34, 36 and 37 chromosomes, indicating that the neoallohexaploid SHW-L1 was cytologically instable and produced aneuhaploid gametes with 19, 20, 22 and 23 chromosomes, respectively. The hybrid plant lacking chromosome 5B carrying Ph1 showed a very high level of homoeologous chromosome pairing. The absence of Ph gene provides a potent cytological mechanism for DNA introgression among homoeologous chromosomes between newly synthetic wheat and wild species.

Key words: Aneuploids, common wheat, gene flow, neopolyploid, Ph1.

African Journal of Agriculture ISSN 2375-1134 Vol. 11 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Investigating the consistency of phenological traits in chickpea cultivars

Oral Duzdemir

Cankiri Karatekin University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology 18100 Cankiri, Turkey.
E-mail: [email protected]. Fax: ++ 90 376 212 81 18.

Accepted 1 March, 2023

Abstract

This study aimed at determining the influence of genotype x environment interactions on phenological characteristics of chickpea. Field experiments were carried out on four different locations, in semi-arid conditions, in complete randomized blocks design with four replications from 2001 to 2002. Eleven certified and 3 indigenous varieties were used. Emergency date, first flowering period, flowering period and vegetation period were examined as phenological characteristics. For all characteristics, important changes, source of genotype x environment interactions, were determined at P<0.01. Stability analysis was carried out for all characteristics according to Finlay-Wilkinson and Eberhart-Russel models. Stable genotypes for each characteristic were found for two parameters.

Key words: Chickpea, stability analysis, phenological characteristics, Turkey.
 

African Journal of Agriculture ISSN 2375-1134 Vol. 11 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Review

A comprehensive examination of reproduction regulation and hormonal modulation in finfish species

Yousefian Mehdi* and Mousavi, Seyed Ehsan

Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr branch, Iran.

Accepted 15 November, 2023

Abstract

Control of reproductive is essential for the sustainability of commercial aquaculture production. The reason for breakage of ovulation and spawning is failure of the pituitary to release gonadotropin hormones. Gonadotropin hormones secretion is under a dual control, by gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), and inhibition by dopamine on the actions of GnRH. The inhibitory actions of dopamine on GTH secretion can vary in potency between species. In some fish it is necessary to use dopamine blocker, such as domperidone, results in potentiation of the actions of GnRH analoge, leading to a large release of GTH-II and ovulation. In some other injection of a high dose of GnRH analoge alone is effective. In several marine species GTH-II secretion is not under dopaminergic inhibitory control but sensitive to exogenous analoge hormones (GnRHa). In many fishes, synthetic analoges of lutenizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRHa) are widely used for inducing spawning. In several tropical freshwater and marine finfishes the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), pituitary homogenate and semi-purified fish gonadotropin are used. Rrecently the replacement of natural GnRH are used and had resulted in a centuple increase in the effectiveness of luteinizing hormones secretion induction.

Key words: Reproduction induced spawning, dopamine antagonists, GTH-II- HCG.

African Journal of Agriculture ISSN 2375-1134 Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-011, January, 2024. © International Scholars Journals

African Journal of Agriculture ISSN 2375-1134 Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-010, January, 2024. © International Scholars Journals

African Journal of Agriculture ISSN 2375-1134 Vol. 10 (9), pp. 001-005, September, 2023. Available online at https://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajaoas/table-of-contents © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Assessing the Role of Jackbean Seed Meal in Modulating Intestinal Mucosa in Young Heterobranchus longifilis

D. I. Osuigwe¹*, A. I. Obiekezie² and G.C. Onuoha¹

¹Department of Fisheries, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B., 7267 Umuahia, Abia State,
Nigeria.
²Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.

Accepted 14 April, 2023

Abstract

Juvenile Heterobranchus longifilis were fed diets that were isonitrogenous (CP 30%) and isocaloric (ME 2900 Kcal/kg) comprising the control diet without jackbean seed meal (JBSM) and those containing raw and 60 min boiled JBSM at different inclusion levels. At the conclusion of the 56 days feeding study, histological examination of the intestinal mucosa of H. longifilis indicated that those fed the control diet remained normal. However, progressive damage to the epithelial mucosa of H. logifilis intestines was observed with increasing dietary level of JBSM. While fish fed diets with 10% fishmeal substituted by raw JBSM showed minor degeneration of the intestinal mucosa, those fed with 100% fishmeal substituted by raw JBSM showed severe damage. Boiling JBSM however moderated the adverse effect of high dietary JBSM since fish fed diet with 80% fishmeal substituted by boiled JBSM showed only early signs of mucosal degeneration. The findings suggest that boiled JBSM could be used to substantially replace fishmeal in fish diets with no negative effect on fish intestinal mucosa. This development impacts positively on fish production by reducing the cost of fish feed given the comparatively lower cost of JBSM with respect to fishmeal.

Key words: Jackbean, Canavalia ensiformis, diets, intestinal mucosa, Heterobranchus longifilis.