ISSN 2375-1231
Research Article
African Journal of Crop Science ISSN: 2375-1231 Vol. 10 (3), pp. 001-009, March, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The production of one Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato variety (OFSP) – Solo gold in Gidan Kwano, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Gana1*, D;. Saidu1, A.; Tsado1 E.K; Jiya2 M. J; Adesina1, O. A; Mamudu, A. Y; Yakubu, Z. and Makamjuola1, S. A.
1Department of Crop Production, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State.
2Department of Food Science, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Accepted 12 January, 2022
Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipome abatatas L.) is a durable food security crop with wide adaptation features that can fit well into smallholders production systems. It is important as a food security crop and it is also good in relation to drought effect, vigorous early growth and low input prerequisite which has attracted sufficient attention from agricultural researchers in the production of this crop. Thus, the aim of the study is to look at the agronomic performance of orange sweet potato in Gidan Kwano, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. The varietal vines were obtained from the Neason Ventures, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design -CRD. The vine length, number of leaves, width of leaves and leaf petiole showed significant difference among the treatments, root tubers were also assessed. The sweet potato was planted on rides that had been treated with poultry manure.
Keywords: Adoption; Sweet potato; Organic Manure production; Technologies; Nigeria.
O. A; Mamudu, Gana* , Z. and Makamjuola S. A., D;. Saidu, A.; Tsado E.K; Jiya M. J; Adesina, A. Y; Yakubu
Page: 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJCS/1150Research Article
African Journal of Crop Science ISSN: 2375-1231 Vol. 10 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Mutation breeding of sweet potato by gamma-ray radiation
Ji-Min Shin1, Bong-Kyu Kim1, Sang-Gyu Seo1, Seo Bum Jeon1, Ji-Seong Kim1, Byung-ki Jun1, Si-Yong Kang2, Joon-Seol Lee3, Mi-Nam Chung3 and Sun-Hyung Kim1*
1Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Jeonnong-dong 90, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-734, South Korea.
2Advance Radiation Technology Institute, KAERI, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, South Korea.
3National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Muan, Jeonnam 293-5, South Korea.
Accepted 14 December, 2021
Abstract
This gamma irradiation study was conducted to produce sweet potato mutants having high yield and high starch content. Regenerated plants from gamma-irradiated stems were grown in the field. Twenty-nine plant lines were selected by estimating storage root size, shape and yield. Genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship among the lines were investigated assuming the specific traits. Also, the flowering of sweet potato should be artificially induced by grafting and short-day treatment in north-east regions of Asia, such as Korea and Japan (Ahn et al., 2002). Furthermore, the self- and cross-incompatibility of this crop limits the use of genetic resources, and it is very difficult to breed new varieties and improve varieties through cross breeding (Ahn et al., 2002; Martin, 1965) . Mutation breeding can be used as a major approach in improving sweet potato varieties, since it is a clonally propagated crop. Irradiation-induced mutation breeding is effective in improving sweet potato characters such as yield, starch and soluble sugar content, carotenoids content of storage roots and disease resistance (Kukimura, 1986; Wang et al., 2007). Irradiation has also been successfully used for mutation breeding in various crops and ornamental plants (Song and Kang, 2003) and has proven an adept means of encouraging the expression of recessive genes and producing new genetic variations (Schum, 2003; Song and Kang, 2003; Yoon et al., 1990). Sweet potato is a typical starch crop that is used as a foodstuff and, importantly, for industrial applications. In the present study, gamma irradiation-mediated mutation breeding was applied to sweet potato to produce useful varieties having a high yield and high starch content. Irradiation-induced mutants were grown in the field and assessed for their starch and sugar characteristics.
Key words: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), gamma-ray, mutation breeding, RAPD.
Seo Bum Jeon, Sang-Gyu Seo, Mi-Nam Chung and Sun-Hyung Kim*, Ji-Min Shin, Bong-Kyu Kim, Byung-ki Jun, Si-Yong Kang, Ji-Seong Kim, Joon-Seol Lee
Page: 1 - 8
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJCS/1148Research Article
African Journal of Crop Science ISSN: 2375-1231 Vol. 10 (3), pp. 001-009, March, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effects of aluminum on nutrient uptake in different parts of four pineapple cultivars
Yong-Hong Lin1* and Jen-Hshuan Chen2
1Kaohsiung District, Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan.
2National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Accepted 13 October, 2021
Abstract
Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill.) contains many nutrients and enzyme. It is mostly grown on strongly acid soils in Taiwan. In strongly acid soils, aluminum (Al) is biotoxic and may inhibit growth of crops. This study is to evaluate the effects of different Al concentration in hydroponic solutions on the nutrient uptakes in the roots, stems and leaves of four important Taiwan Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill. (Cayenne, Tainung No.6, Tainung No.13 and Tainung No.17). Cayenne is known as the Al resistance, however, Tainung No.6, Tainung No.13 and Tainung No.17 are Al sensitivity. After cultivating for four weeks, the contents of nutrients in different parts of Cayenne would increase when the Al concentration in the hydroponic solution was increased. However, the nutrient uptake in different parts of the other three cultivars would decrease with increase Al concentration, indicating that the nutrient uptake was inhibited, especially that of Ca and Mg. Our experiments indicate that increases in the uptake of Ca and Mg are important to the reduction of Al toxicity when Cayenne is treated with high Al concentration. If Al concentration was increased, Tainung No.6, Tainung No.13 and Tainung No.17 would reduce their uptake of Ca and Mg which might be one of the reasons for the damage of their root apices.
Key words: Acid soil, aluminum (Al), Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill., nutrient uptake, root apices.
Yong-Hong Lin*, Jen-Hshuan Chen
Page: 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJCS/1147Research Article
African Journal of Crop Science ISSN: 2375-1231 Vol. 10 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Expression of recombinant human collagen peptide in Escherichia coli and effects of the recombinant protein on UVA-irradiated HaCaT Cells
Ming Wu, Zhen zhen Xu and Guang Chen*
College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, China.
Accepted 17 September, 2021
Abstract
In this study, we reported the cloning and over- expression of a gene encoding human collagen peptide (CP6) in Escherichia coli and the establishment of a purification protocol for obtaining the recombinant protein. The collagen peptide (CP6) had a molecular weight of about 46 kDa, and CP6 expression comprised approximately 10% of the total bacterial protein expression. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis revealed that most of the collagen peptide (CP6) existed in the soluble fractions. Purified collagen peptide (CP6) was highly soluble. By using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a CP6 yield of approximately 11.4 mg/L of Luria-Bertani (LB) broth was obtained. What’s more we performed assays with 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (annexin V-FITC/PI) to investigate the cytoprotective effects of CP6 on the proliferation of UVA-damaged human keratinocyte cell line cells. The results of this study showed that CP6 could prevent UVA-induced DNA damage in cells of the spontaneously immortalized human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT.
Key words: Human collagen peptide, Escherichia coli, HaCaT, UVA.
Zhen zhen Xu and Guang Chen*, Ming Wu
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJCS/1143Research Article
African Journal of Crop Science ISSN: 2375-1231 Vol. 10 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Quantitative determination of DNA Methylation in tobacco leaves by HPLC
Feng Jia1, YunPeng Fu1, WeiQun Liu2*, Zheng Du1 and YiDan Zhao2
1College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China.
2College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People’s Republic of China.
Accepted 20 October, 2021
Abstract
A relatively straightforward high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of DNA methylation in flue-cured tobacco leaves was developed and validated. DNA methylation was measured as follows: DNA was hydrolyzed to nucleotide units in perchloric acid. The bases of cytosine and 5-methylcytosine were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column at 30°. The mobile phase used methanol: 5 mmol/L pentane sulfonate (10:90, v/v) and a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The absorbance of bases was measured at 273 nm. The results showed that the method was accurate, quick, and cost effective to determine DNA methylation of flue-cured tobacco.
Key words: Tobacco, DNA methylation, 5- Methylcytosine, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Feng Jia, WeiQun Liu*, YunPeng Fu, Zheng Du and YiDan Zhao
Page: 1 - 4
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJCS/1142Research Article
African Journal of Crop Science ISSN: 2375-1231 Vol. 9 (10), pp. 001-010, October, 2021. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Changes in the epidemiology of cassava brown streak disease and associated viruses in Rwanda: occurrence and distribution since 2009
G. Gashaka1. M.C. Kanyange1. M. Mutumwinka1. G. Niyonteze1. J. Umfuyisoni1. A. Nduwumuremyi1. J. P. Bizimana1. F. Tairo 2. P. Sseruwagi2 and J. Ndunguru3
1Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board, P.O. Box 5016 Kigali, Rwanda. Corresponding Author: G. Gashaka: [email protected]
2Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 6226 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
3Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute Selian, P.O.Box 6024 Arusha, Tanzania.
Accepted 13 July, 2021
Abstract
Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), the most important viral disease of cassava in Africa is caused by two ipomoviruses, Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV). Field surveys were conducted in 2009, 2013, 2015 and 2017 to determine the incidence and severity of CBSD in major cassava growing districts of Rwanda. Farmers’ fields were assessed and leaf samples collected for virus detection using RT-PCR. Results showed that the disease occurred in Southern province with an average incidence of 60.8% and severity of 2.5, Eastern province with 39.2% and 2.5 and Western Province with 22.2% and 3.2. The highest incidence was recorded in Southern Province (60.8%) and the lowest in Western Province (22.2%). The mean severity ranged from 2.0 to 2.8 on the surveyed cassava plants. RT-PCR detected both CBSV and UCBSV species, which occurred in single CBSV (10%), UCBSV (9.6%) and dual CBSV + UCBSV (1.6%) infections. The study showed the widespread occurrence of CBSD, its severity and the associated viruses in Rwanda. It highlights the urgency of implementing effective control measures to avert the impact of the disease on the food crop that feeds most households in the country.
Keywords: Cassava, CBSD, CBSVs, incidence, severity and epidemiology.
J. Ndunguru, G. Gashaka. M.C. Kanyange M. Mutumwinka. G. Niyonteze. J. Umfuyisoni. A. Nduwumuremyi. J. P. Bizimana. F. Tairo P. Sseruwagi
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJCS/1141