African Journal of Gender and Women Studies

African Journal of Gender and Women Studies ISSN: 2736-1578, Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Management of credit by rural women in central region of Ghana

Joana Antwi Donkor¹*, Modesta Efua Gavor² and Christina Offei-Ansah²

¹Department of Home Economics Education, University of Education, Winneba, P. O. Box 25, Winneba, Ghana.

²Department of Vocational and Technical Education, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast. Ghana.

Accepted 08 November, 2022

Abstract

 The purpose of the study was to find out how women manage credit in rural district in Ghana and examine the relationship between credit management and age and educational level of women. One hundred and eighty-three respondents were randomly selected from four different groups of women engaged in small scale businesses in rural communities in Ghana. Data was collected with structured interview schedule. The results were analyzed and presented in frequency, percentage; mean, standard deviation, correlation and regression tables. Findings revealed that most of the women sourced credit from informal sources such as friends, family members and credited items from wholesalers. The women lacked proper credit management skills and therefore managed credit sourced in their own informal ways such through daily ‘susu’ contribution, kept sales of various items sold in different containers and records of purchases and sales kept in memory and set money aside for replacing equipment. Also, they managed to honour repayment because it was upon regular payments agreement of credit that more credit was given to keep them in business. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the micro-credit financial institutions and the local government who offer credit to such small scale businesses as well as the universities should organize credit management programmes as part of their community service to train the women on skills in record keeping, savings and the application of principles of credit management especially budgeting in order to effectively manage credit sourced.

Keywords:  Financial Management, Credit, Credit management, Rural women.

African Journal of Gender and Women Studies ISSN: 2736-1578, Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Keywords: Crime, Women, IPC, SLL

African Journal of Gender and Women Studies ISSN: 2736-1578, Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-014, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Ambitious but constrained: An exploration of the plight of the Zimbabwean girl child towards gender sensitivity as a 21^st century pedagogical imperative for education

Mutekwe E* and Zikhali J

University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway campus, South Africa

Accepted 15 October, 2022

Abstract

The 2004 Gender Policy in Zimbabwe was formulated to promote the attainment of social justice, equality and equity in all spheres of society. However, gender biased practices have remained rampant in education. Patriarchal practices and the educational curriculum are used to maintain the status quo of patriarchy as a form of gender imbalance within society. This paper reports on a study that examined gender insensitivity in classroom instruction. Lesson observations and focus group interviews were used to gather data from a sample size of 20 female student teachers purposively sampled from four teacher education colleges in Zimbabwe. Data analysis was conducted through the use of simple lesson content in a hybrid -grounded process and critical discourse analysis of the views of both lecturers and students in classroom interaction situations. Their practices reflected in lessons and views expressed in focus group discussions revealed taken- for- granted patriarchal dispositions. The conclusion pleads for pre and in-service professional teacher development programmes that can sensitize both trainee and practising teachers to the nature of their thinking and practices and help them devise strategies that are aligned to policy.

Key words: Teacher education curriculum, gender sensitivity, gender blind, discourses, inequality, structure and agency, social enactment approach, twenty first century pedagogical imperative.