African Journal of Agronomy

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN 2375-1177 Vol. 8 (10), pp. 001-009, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Shrub yield and forage quality in Mediterranean shrublands of West Turkey for a period of one year

Altıngül Ozaslan Parlak¹*, Ahmet Gokkus¹, B. Hakan Hakyemez² and Harun Baytekin¹

¹Department of Field Crops, Agriculture Faculty, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17020, Turkey.

²Kırıkkale University, Higher School of Vocational Education, Plant and Animal Production, Kırıkkale 71450, Turkey.

Accepted 22 July, 2020

Abstract

Shrublands are important habitats for ruminants in the Mediterranean area. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shrub yield, quality (between November 2006- November 2007) and preferences of goats for the six shrubs (Quercus coccifera L., Phillyrea latifolia L., Juniperus oxycedrus, Cistus creticus L., Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach and Thymus longicaulis C. Presl.) of Mediterranean shrublands in Turkey. In the shrubland the highest yield was obtained from kermes oak and prickly juniper. Yield in May was higher than that of in October. Dry matter (DM), Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were low and Crude protein (CP), Dry matter digestibility (DMD), ME, P, and Ca were high during the spring in the kermes oak, thyme and mock privet. Reverse situation was observed during the summer and winter months. Changes in the prickly juniper, pink rockrose and prickly burnet were not stable. When production and nutritive values of the shrubs were considered, goats showed deficiency in CP and ME throughout the year except in the spring. P and Ca were found sufficient. As a conclusion, in Mediterranean shrublands, goats should be fed with supplementary energy feed throughout the year except for spring months, and with CP during summer months in order to obtain satisfactory productivity.

Key words: Mediterranean shrublands, shrub yield, forage quality, evergreen shrubs.

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN 2375-1177 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Forage yields and qualities of some triticale (XTRITICOSECALE  Wittmack) genotypes

Mustafa Sürmen¹*, Tamer Yavuz¹, Necda Çankaya¹ and Sebahattin Albayrak²

¹Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute, P-Box 39, Samsun, 55100, Turkey.

²Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.

Accepted 19 August, 2020

Abstract

Eight lines obtained from CIMMYT and Presto and Tatlicak triticale cultivars (X TTRITICOSECALE Wittmack) were compared in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the two seasons of 2008 to 2009 and 2009 to 2010 in Amasya and Bafra conditions of Northern Turkey. Results of the present investigation clearly showed significant differences among tested lines in most of the studied characters namely, dry matter yield was 13.69 to 17.44 ton ha^-1, CP content was 101.71 to 117.96 g kg^-1, ADF content was 348.73 to 374.26 g kg^-1, NDF content was 572.52 to 612.98 g kg^-1, TDN value was 530.31 to 563.29 g kg^-1, RFV was 91.17 to 100.79, P content was 2.89 to 3.21 g kg^-1, K content was 9.68 to 14.23 g kg^-1, Ca content was 3.56 to 4.68 g kg^-1, Mg content was 1.60 to 1.83 g kg^-1 and tetany ratio was 1.64 to 2.63. As a result of our experiments, we can conclude that the genotypes numbered 1, 3, 4, 6, 9 and 10 can be recommended for similar environment because of high forage yield and quality.

Key words: Triticale, dry matter yield, neutral detergent fiber, relative feed value, tetany ratio.

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN 2375-1177 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Some observations on the culture of attached groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) gynophores in simplified nutrient solutions

E. Godfrey Zharare¹*, F. C. Pax Blamey² and L. Colin Asher²

¹Department of Agriculture, University of Zululand, South Africa.

²School of Land, Crop and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia.

Accepted 08 May, 2020

Abstract

Attached groundnut gynophores of Virginia line Virginia bunch strain 1 (VB-1), Spanish line TMV-3 and Valencia line CBBR4 were cultured singly in aerated, simplified nutrient solutions consisting of (2 µM iron (Fe) and 0.5 µM zinc (Zn) with or without 100 µM calcium (Ca). In all lines, normal and apparently healthy pods were produced in solutions containing Ca, whereas, pod growth was severely restricted in solutions without Ca. Three of CBRR4 gynophores cultured in solution containing Ca formed healthy tap roots. It was concluded that a simplified solution containing only Ca, Zn and Fe could support healthy groundnut pod growth.

Key words: Arachis hypogeae, groundnut gynophore, pod development, root formation, solution culture.

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN 2375-1177 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of cutting positions and growth regulators on rooting ability of Gonystylus bancanus

A. S. Nor Aini^1,2*, V. S. Guanih³ and P. Ismail⁴

¹Laboratory of Bioresources Management, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia.

²Department of Forest Production, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.

³Department of Sabah Forestry, Forest Research Centre, P. O. Box 1407, 90715, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia.

⁴Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.

Accepted 12 July, 2020

Abstract 

The effect of cutting positions and growth regulators on rooting ability of Gonystylus bancanus were studied. This study, aims to determine the effects of cutting positions (top, middle, and bottom) and hormonal treatments (control, Seradix 3, Planton 3000, IBA 100 mg and IBA 150 mg) on the rooting ability of G. bancanus. The top position recorded the highest survival percentage of 90.7% followed by the middle and bottom with values of 86.0 and 74.7%, respectively. Hormonal treatments also showed significant differences (p 0.05) in which the untreated cuttings survived the highest (93.3%) followed by Planton 3000 (88.9%) and Seradix (83.3%). Top cutting showed the highest rooting percentage of 78.0 followed by middle and bottom positions with percentages of 76.7 and 65.3, respectively. There was no significant difference observed in the rooting ability in terms of hormonal application. However, results in terms of root development based on the number of roots and vigour showed otherwise (significant at p 0.05), whereby, cuttings from bottom positions treated with IBA 150 mg produced large number of roots which were thicker and healthier.

Key words: Gonystylus bancanus, cuttings positions, growth regulators, rooting ability.

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN 2375-1177 Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Comparative study on physicochemical variation for different samples of Cassia grandis Linn. leaves

Mukesh Kumar Meena^1*, Subodh Chand Pal¹, Abhishek Kumar Jain², Chandra Prakash Jain², Mahendra Singh Ashawat³, Kalpesh Gaur⁴ and Anamika Jain⁵

¹NDMVP Samaj’s College of Pharmacy, Nashik, Maharashtra, India. ²Department of Pharmaceutical Science, M. L. S. University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.

³B. N. Girls Pharmacy College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.

⁴Geetanjali College of Pharmaceutical Studies, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.

⁵Department of Food and Technology, Jiwaji University, Gawlior Madhya Pradesh, India.

Accepted 09 January, 2020

Abstract 

The present study is intended primarily to confirm changes with respect to quality of the drug. The variability in proper production unit, supply unit, methodology of collection and storage conditions were used to change the crude herbal drugs. The lack of knowledge of proper methodology, availability and more demands of herbal drugs for better treatment are promoting the practices of adulteration and substitution. Therefore, the standardization of the herbal drugs is essential to the identification of their therapeutic efficacy. Comparative studies were carried out to evaluate the physico-chemical standards of Cassia grandis with emphasis on botanical sensory evaluation, qualitative analysis of the plant’s primary and secondary metabolites, colour produced under ordinary light, ultraviolet-radiation (UV) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) fingerprinting of the drug for chemical identification. Samples were procured from three diverse vicinities to determine the qualitative and quantitative variations. These results indicate the variations in quality and quantity of physicochemical parameters, place and time of collection, analysis procedure, and storage conditions. The study indicates that out of demonstrated samples, self collected sample showed significant results.

Key words: Cassia grandis Linn. leaves, % physico-chemical studies, % standardization.