African Journal of Agronomy

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN: 2375-1185 Vol. 13 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Influence of Leaf Removal on Growth Traits and Crop Yield in Distinct Rice Cultivars

Ali abdalla basyouni Abou-khalifa* A. N. Misra and Abd El- Azeem. K. M. Salem

Rice research and training center- Sakha – kafr el Sheikh- Egypt. Phone: 02-047-3248809. Fax 02-047-33225099 School of Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore-756019, India.

Accepted 30 October, 2024

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted during two summer seasons 2003 and 2004 to study the effect of leaf cutting on physiological traits and yield of two rice cultivars hybrid (H5) (IR 70368 A /G 178) and inbred rice. The leaf cutting was followed from flag leaf as follows: 1.) L; Control = without leaf cutting, 2.) L1; flag leaf cut, 3.) L2; second leaf cut, 4.) L3; third leaf cut, 5.) L4; both flag leaf and second leaf cut. 6.) L5; flag leaf, second leaf and third leaf cut together. A split plot design with four replications was used; the main plots were devoted to the cutting of leaves, while the sub-plots were assigned to the two rice cultivars. Chlorophyll, sugar, starch and grain yield parameters were severely affected by L5, followed by L4, L1, L3 and L2 in sequence. However, as a single component affecting maximum to these parameters is the removal of flag leaf. The flag leaf contributed maximum to the yield of rice grains. L5, L4, L1, L2 and L3 treatments grain yield (relative % of control) by 59.87, 94.92, 44.89, 29.58 and 19.98 % respectively. Flag leaf contributed to 45% of grain yield and is the single most component for yield loss. The contribution of leaf removal in hybrid rice was minimum, suggesting the probability of maximum translocation of photosynthesis from stem to the grain during grain feeling stage of hybrid rice after leaf removal.

Key words: Rice, leaf cutting, physiological traits, yield and cultivars.

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN: 2375-1185 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-007, April, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Exploring Pollen Dynamics in Terminalia paniculata: Insights into Reproductive Biology within Combretaceae

Thangaraja, A.¹* and Ganesan, V.²

¹Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj college of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, 626 001, India.
²Center for Research and P. G. Studies in Botany, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal college (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India.

Accepted 9 November, 2024

Abstract

Terminalia paniculata is a deciduous tree widely distributed in tropical semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forest. Flowers of T. paniculata have ten stamens, which remain inside the bud and anthesis is carried out at different times of the day. Pollen grains are medium spherical, tricolpate 17 mm in diameter, smooth exine and yellow in colour. The pollen: ovule ratio approximated 16,000: 1. Pollination efficiency was increased daily, from first day of flower opening (0.000076), reaching the maximum on third day (0.00083) and there was no pollen deposition on the fourth day. To effectively assess in- vitro pollen viability in T. paniculata, an optimized germination medium (30% sucrose with Brewbaker and Kwak’s medium) was developed. Pollen grains stored under cryopreservation (-20oC) had prolonged viability. Using the hand pollination for testing the in-vivo viability of pollen grains the maximum number of fruit set was obtained in the fresh pollen grains (0 h – pollen collected at the time of anthesis) on the stigma. Afterwards, increase in the age of the pollen decreased the fruit set. After 15 h of anthesis, the pollen grains lost their viability and there was no fruit set. The current findings will be useful in studying, pollen – pistil interactions, gene flow and heterozygosity of the T. paniculata populations.

Key words: Cryopreservation, in vitro germination, pollen storage.
 

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN: 2375-1185 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-007, April, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Exploring Altitudinal Influences on Forest Vegetation Patterns in the Sub-Alpine Zone of the Western Himalayas, India

Sanjay Gairola¹*, R. S. Rawal¹ and N. P. Todaria²

¹G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi -Katarmal, Almora- 263 643,
Uttarakhand, India

²Department of Forestry,HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand, India

Accepted 18 January, 2025

Abstract

The present study describes vegetation diversity along an altitudinal gradient in three sites of sub-alpine forests. The altitude of the study sites ranged from 2800 - 3600 m asl and represented a transition from closed canopy temperate forests to open canopy sub-alpine forests. The results revealed that from low to high altitude strata, size and density of trees decline sharply. The density of sapling and seedling do not follow the trend of trees and exhibit site/location specific trends. Shrub and herb also did not exhibit uniform patterns across altitudinal range of the sites. As sub-alpine forests are considered to be potentially prone to the adverse effects of climate change, present study will provide important baseline information for future evaluation of the impact of climate change on sub-alpine forest communities.

Key words: Diversity, timberline, altitude, west Himalaya.

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN: 2375-1185 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genetic Profiling and Phenotypic Assessment of Progeny from Antisense Potato Lines

Olawole O. Obembe^1,2, Evert Jacobsen¹ and Richard G. F. Visser¹

¹Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, Box 386 6700AJ Wageningen,
The Netherlands
²Present address: Department of Biological sciences Covenant University, P. M. B 1023 Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Accepted 16 January, 2025

Abstract

Two transgenic potato lines csr2-1 and csr4-8, containing two different antisense constructs, csr2 and csr4, respectively, were crossed to investigate the possibility of achieving double transformants with combined effects of the two antisense transgenes on plant phenotypes and cellulose deposition. Molecular analysis revealed an expected segregation ratio of 1:1:1:1 of the four classes. Phenotype characterization revealed that offspring containing either one or both transgenes produced more tubers than the control plants but individual tubers were mostly smaller and had lesser weight than the control tubers.

Key words: Antisense technology, double transformants, genetic crossing, potato, segregation analysis.
 

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN: 2375-1185 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-003, April, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Influence of Soil Properties on the Viability of Rhizophora mangle in Distinct Mangrove Ecosystems

J. A. Onwugbuta-Enyi¹, B. A. Onuegbu² and K. Zuofa²

¹Department of Biology, Rivers State College of Education, P. M. B. 5047, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. ²Department of Crop/Soil Science and Forestry, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P. M. B 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Accepted 15 January, 2025

Abstract

The effects of two Niger Delta Mangrove Swamp Soils on growth and growth components of Rhizophora mangle were studied. The mud flats had higher manganese, organic carbon, lower sodium, higher phosphorus, lower pH and no sand particle compared with peaty clays. The mud flats also had very low cation exchange capacity (CEC) and these qualities affected adversely the plant height, survival, disease index and stability of the plants compared with those grown in peaty clays. Recommendations for improvement of the mud flats for mangrove swamp re-vegetation are made.

Key words: Red mangrove species, mangrove swamp soil, survival rate.
 

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN: 2375-1185 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-003, April, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Galinsoga ciliata (RAF.) S. F. Blake: A Newly Discovered Species in the Flora of Macedonia

Agim Haziri¹*, Fadil Millaku², Ferat Rexhepi² and Elez Krasniqi²

¹State University of Tetova, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rr. Ilindenit, 1200 Tetovo, Macedonia.
²University of Pristina, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rr. Nëna Terezë, 10000 Pristina, Kosovo.

Accepted 16 December, 2024

Abstract

Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) S. F. Blake ( Asteraceae) is recorded for the first time for the flora of Macedonia. Genus Galinsoga Ruiz and Pavon in Macedonia is represented with the unique species Galinsoga parviflora Cav. During the research of this genus in Macedonia, another new species, G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F. Blake, was recognized which represents a new species for Macedonian flora. Examined specimens: Macedonia: Upper part of the Polog velley: 546 m, 41º 48' N, 20º 55' E, 14 September 2008, A. Haziri and F. Millaku.

Key words: Galinsoga, new record, Asteraceae, Macedonia.