African Journal of Fisheries Science

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 7 (5), pp. 001-003, May, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Proximate composition of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) smoked in Nigerian stored products research institute (NSPRI): Developed kiln

Olayemi Folorunsho Foline, Adedayo Majekodunmi Rachael, Bamishaiye Eunice Iyabo and Awagu Emenike Fidelis

Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, Kano, Nigeria.

Accepted 07 March, 2019

Abstract

The effect of drying on proximate compositions of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI) developed kiln was determined. The purchased quantities of catfish were shared into two parts; one part was used to determine the proximate compositions of the raw fish and the other part was dried using smoking kiln at a temperature range of 60 to 70°C for 15 h. The proximate compositions of the fresh and dried samples were determined. Also, sensory evaluation was also determined using 9 point hedonic scale. Protein, carbohydrate, moisture content, fat, ash and nitrogen free extract (NFE) for fresh and dried fish were 16.24, 0.92, 78.70, 0.50, 1.33, 2.31% and 68.4, 1.80, 7.30, 12.50, 6.40, 3.60% respectively. The general acceptance as shown by sensory evaluation was equally high. It was therefore concluded that drying does have a positive effect on fish since there was an increase in embedded nutritional parameters.

Key words: Smoking kiln, sensory evaluation, protein, carbohydrate, moisture content, fat.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 001-007, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Differences in fatty acid composition of egg capsules from broodstock spotted babylon, Babylonia areolata, fed a local trash fish and formulated diet under hatchery conditions

N. Chaitanawisuti¹*, S. Sangsawangchote² and S. Piyatiratitivorakul²

¹Aquatic Resources Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Phya Thai Road, Bangkok, Thailand.

²Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phya Thai Road, Bangkok, Thailand.

Accepted 11 February, 2019

Abstract

This study was the first attempt to condition broodstock Babylonia areolata using the formulated diets under hatchery conditions. Samples of spotted babylon egg capsules from broodstock, which had been fed either a formulated diet or a local trash fish, carangid fish (Seleroides leptolepis) for 120 days were analyzed for proximate composition and fatty acid composition. The formulated diet contained significantly higher levels of arachinodic acid (ARA) (20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) than those of the local trash fish. The formulated diet also had significantly higher ratios of DHA/EPA and (n-3)/(n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than those of the local trash fish but not for ARA/EPA ratio. The fatty acid compositions of egg capsules produced from broodstock fed formulated diet contained significantly more ARA, EPA and DHA compared to the broodstock fed the local trash fish. The ARA/EPA and DHA/EPA ratios in egg capsules were significantly higher in the trash fish–fed group compared to those fed the formulated diet. However, (n – 3)/(n – 6) PUFA ratios in egg capsules produced from broodstock fed the formulated diet did not significantly differ compared to those from broodstock fed the local trash fish. The relatively low DHA/EPA, ARA/EPA and (n – 3)/(n – 6) ratios in the egg capsules produced from the formulated diet – fed broodstock of B. areolata suggested that this diet was inferior, when compared to the traditional food of trash fish.

Keywords: Babylonia areolata, broodstock diet, egg capsules, fatty acid composition.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 001-009, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Research on in vitro culture and inducing nacre crystal formation of freshwater pearl mussel mantle epithelial cell Sinohyriopsis cumingii

Pham Van Phuc*, Pham Quoc Viet, Nguyen Minh Hoang, Nguyen Thanh Tam and Phan Kim Ngoc

Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.

Accepted 18 March, 2019

Abstract

The foundation of natural pearl formation by mussels is calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals, secreted essentially by the epithelial cells of mantle tissue as nacre. The in vitro explant culture of nacre secreting pallial mantle explants of freshwater pearl mussel was a vital step in the approach to the establishment of quality of pearl mussel species, by screening pearl mussel species that are able to form pearls with high efficiency. Moreover, the results of this research provide knowledge for the future in vitro colored pearl production. The aims of this research were to culture freshwater pearl mussel mantle epithelial cells and to investigate the capacity of their nacre-secretion when they were induced by some specific factors such as Ca²⁺, FGF-2 and EGF. In this research, mantle epithelial cells were cultured in four different kinds of medium (DMEM/F12, L15-M199, IMDM, TCM) and temperature [(4, 24°C and room temperature (28°C)] to select the suitable environment for pearl mussel mantle epithelial cell culture for at least one month. After that, old medium was changed by fresh medium supplemented with three inducers (Ca²⁺, FGF, EGF). Nacre secretion of these cells was evaluated via the nacre formation in culture medium. The results showed that the mantle epithelial cells may be cultured in vitro and secrete nacre in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, but the efficiency of secretion was independent with different inducers investigated. DMEM/F12 medium is the best for growing of mantle epithelial cells while IMDM medium is suitable for heamocyte –like cells.

Key words: DMEM/F12, Ca²⁺, EGF, FGF, Freshwater mussel, mantle epithelial cells, nacre secretion.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 001-003, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Fatty oil composition of Osteobrama belangeri (Val.) from Manipur

Virendra Singh Rana¹*, Basudha Devi² and Maria AmparoBlazquez³

¹Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Bioresources of Sustainable Development, Takyelpat Institutional Area, Imphal-795001, Manipur, India.

²Fish Resources Unit, Institute of Bioresources of Sustainable Development, Takyelpat Institutional Area, Imphal-795001, Manipur, India.

³Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

Accepted 17 March, 2019

Abstract

The fatty oil content of Osteobrama belangeri and its chemical compositions were determined by the analysis of fatty acid methyl esters using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of eighteen compounds were identified constituting about 96.1% and 96.7% of the crude head and body oils. Ten compounds were identified as major fatty acids in the oil and the main acids were oleic acid (38.3 and 35.1%), palmitic acid (27.3 and 23.9%), linoleic acid (12.6 and 21.8%) and octadecanoic acid (8.7 and 7.7%) besides two trace fatty acids.

Key words: Fatty oil composition, Osteobrama belangeri, oleic acid, palmitic acid.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-010, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of repeated partial cropping on population dynamics and yield of Oreochromis niloticus (L.) during polyculture with Heterobranchus longifilis (Val.)

Chukwuma O. Ofor¹*, Udo I. Udo¹ and Michael O. Udoidiong²

¹Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P. M. B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.

²Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.

Accepted 13 January, 2019

Abstract

The effect of repeated cropping of half the number of young and large adults on productivity and dynamics of Oreochromis niloticus was investigated during polyculture with Heterobranchus longifilis. Mixed-sex, large-sized and young adult tilapia of 841±0.3 g and 841±0.23 g were cultured with 40 catfish fingerlings in triplicate 36 m² earthen ponds in 1 and 2 treatments respectively. At the 4th, 6th, 12th, 26th and 32nd week, cropping was done in treatment 2 and the weights of the crop were used to enrich supplementary feed, by displacing an equal weight of ingredients in treatment 1. Realized supplementary feed crude protein level was 12.9 and 18.3±5% in treatments 1 and 2 respectively. Feeding was at 1% body weight thrice daily. Weight data were analyzed with ANOVA and t-test. Surplus production of O. niloticus from treatment 2, calculated as sum of periodic harvest + final harvest minus final harvest in treatment 1, was 249±25 g per week. Treatment 2 had significantly higher H. longifilis harvest mean weight and growth rate (percentage per day) (p<0.01), with densities (p<0.05). It also has higher numbers of zooplankton and phytoplankton species, cyanophyceae and diatoms, as well as O. niloticus size susceptible to catfish predation. Chlorophyceae dominated the phytoplankton in both treatments. The implication of tilapia surplus production for catfish-tilapia polyculture is thus discussed.

Key words: Oreochromis niloticus, partial harvest, population dynamics, compensatory growth, standing crop, surplus production, food availability, earthen pond.