African Journal of Fisheries Science

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 9 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents on the carcass composition of Cyprinus carpio communis fingerlings

Muzaffar Ahmad*, Qureshi T. A. and Singh A. B.

Department of Zoology and Applied Aquaculture, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M. P. 462026, India.

Accepted 12 December, 2020

Abstract

Fingerlings having average weight of 1.64 ± 0.13 g and length 5.26 ± 0.10 cm were fed on four different formulated feeds and a control feed (each in a triplicate set), 6% of their body weight, three times a day, during 90 days. Feeds were formulated using groundnut oil cake, mustard oil cake, rice bran, wheat bran, fish meal and soybean meal in order to suffice the balanced need of protein and energy of the Common carp. Carcass composition was determined initially, at the end of 30 days and at the end of the study. At the end of 30 days, carcass composition of fingerlings was not affected significantly (P>0.05) with protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents in the feeds. At the end of the study, carcass composition of fingerlings was affected significantly (P<0.05) with protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents in the feeds. Highest carcass dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, ash and energy content, lowest moisture content and carbohydrate content were observed in fingerlings fed with Feed B which contained 40 ± 0.21% protein, 9.31 ± 0.25% lipid and 10.08 ± 0.10% carbohydrate. The fingerlings fed with Feed C which contained 25.98 ± 0.19% protein, 5.49 ± 0.18% lipid and 34.63 ± 0.19% carbohydrate showed least carcass dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, ash and energy content, highest moisture content and carbohydrate content. This study concluded that Feed B containing 40% protein, 9.31% lipid and 10.08% carbohydrate is the best one in terms of carcass composition for a more profitable and successful culture of the common carp.

Key words: Cyprinus carpio communis, fingerlings, carcass composition.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents on the nutrient and energy utilization and digestibility of Cyprinus carpio communis fingerlings

Muzaffar Ahmad*, T. A. Qureshi and Singh A. B.

Department of Zoology and Applied Aquaculture, Barkatullah University, 462026, M.P., India.

Accepted 12 October, 2020

Abstract

Fingerlings having average weight 1.64 ± 0.13 g and length 5.26 ± 0.10 cm were fed on four different formulated feeds and a control feed (each in a triplicate set), 6% of their body weight, three times a day, during 90 days. Feeds were formulated using ground nut oil cake, mustard oil cake, rice bran, wheat bran, fish meal and soybean meal in order to suffice the balanced need of protein and energy of the common carp. Nutrient and energy utilization and digestibility were measured. At the end of the study, the nutrient and energy utilization and digestibility of fingerlings were affected significantly (P<0.05) with protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents in the feeds. Highest nutrient and energy utilization and digestibility were observed in fingerlings fed with feed B containing 40 ± 0.21% protein, 9.31 ± 0.25% lipid and 10.08 ± 0.10% carbohydrate. The fingerlings fed with feed C containing 25.98 ± 0.19% protein, 5.49 ± 0.18% lipid and 34.63 ± 0.19% carbohydrate showed least nutrient and energy utilization and digestibility. This work concluded that feed B containing 40% protein, 9.31% lipid and 10.08% carbohydrate is the best one for a more profitable and successful culture of the common carp.

Key words: Cyprinus carpio communis, fingerlings, nutrient utilization, energy utilization, digestibility.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 9 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper 

Effect of cadmium chloride and ascorbic acid exposure on the vital organs of freshwater Cyprinid, Labeo rohita

Abdul Latif¹, Muhammad Ali², Rahila Kaoser³, Rehana Iqbal¹, Kashif Umer¹, Muhammad Latif¹, Shazia Qadir¹ and Furhan Iqbal¹*

¹Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan.

²Institute of Biotechnology. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan.

³Department of Chemistry,. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan.

Accepted 08 October, 2020

Abstract

The present study was carried out to evaluate the impact of sub lethal concentrations of heavy metal, cadmium chloride (CdCl₂.H₂O), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and their combination on Labeo rohita. The effect was investigated on the basis of histopathological examinations of control and experimental groups exposed to heavy metal. The acute semi statistical toxicity test for L. rohita revealed 96 h LC₅₀ value 22.92 mg L^-1 for cadmium chloride (CdCl₂.H₂O). 215 fingerlings of L. rohita were exposed to three different experimental conditions for 96 h: 11.46 mg L^-1 CdCl₂.H₂O, or 450 mg Kg ^-1 ascorbic acid or combination of both these doses. No alterations were observed in gill sections upon comparison between treated and untreated groups. Congestion in sinusoids, fatty change, an increase in Kupffer cells and intrahepatic lymphocytes was observed in CdCl₂.H₂O treated group. In kidney sections of heavy metal treated group, degeneration of the glomerular tissue, occlusion in tubular lumen and necrosis were observed. Similar changes but in less severe form, as described above, were observed in the fish exposed to combination of CdCl₂.H₂O and ascorbic indicating that ascorbic acid do detoxify the effect of heavy metal to some extant. Our results indicate that cadmium chloride (CdCl₂.H₂O), if present in fresh water bodies, may act as strong toxic agent for L. rohita.

Key words: Labeo rohita, cadmium chloride (CdCl₂.H₂O), ascorbic acid, histopathology.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 8 (10), pp. 001-010, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of growth and production of the threatened giant river catfish, Sperata seenghala (Sykes) in polyculture with indigenous major carp

M. Aminur Rahman¹*, A. Arshad^1,2  and S.M. Nurul Amin²

¹Laboratory of Marine Science and Aquaculture, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

²Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Accepted 19 August, 2020

Abstract

The giant river catfish locally named guizza, Sperata seenghala has significant cultural and economic importance but the fish is now considered as critically endangered due to environmental and man-made interventions in aquatic ecosystem. In order to conserve and rehabilitate this species, an experiment on polyculture of guizza with indigenous major carps was conducted in earthen ponds. Three treatments differing in species ratios and combinations of fish were employed with two replicates each. Treatment-1 (T₁) was stocked with catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita) and mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), treatment-2 (T₂) with catla, rohu and guizza (S. seenghala), while treatment-3 (T₃) with catla, rohu, mrigal and guizza. Guizza of T₂ was introduced instead of mrigal in T₁ and 50% of mrigal was replaced with guizza in T₃. The stocking density of fish fingerlings in all the treatments was 7500 individual/ha. Fishes in the experimental ponds were fed with supplementary diet comprising of rice bran (50%), mustard oil cake (30%), fish meal (19%) and vitamin-mineral premix (1%). Physico-chemical parameters and plankton populations were within the appropriate levels for aquaculture. Mean growth and survival of catla and rohu were significantly higher in T₂ than in T₃ and T₁. Guizza in T₂ showed higher performances than in T₃, while those for mrigal were higher in T₃ than T₁ (p < 0.05). The total gross and net productions of fishes were higher in T₃ than in T₂ and T₁ (p < 0.05). This trial is a successful attempt to culture the threatened guizza with major carps in earthen ponds, the findings of which would immensely be helpful towards the development of aquaculture and conservation of this important fish in captive condition.

Key words: Riverine catfish, Sperata seenghala, polyculture, earthen ponds.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-012, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Multidisciplinary identification of clupeiform fishes from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean

Graciela García¹*, Gustavo Martínez², Susana Retta², Verónica Gutiérrez¹, Julia Vergara^1,4 and María de las Mercedes Azpelicueta³

¹Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UdelaR, Iguá 4225, CP 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.

²Departamento de Biología Pesquera. Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos. MGAP. Constituyente 1407,  CP

11200. Montevideo, Uruguay.

³CONICET. Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, 1904 La Plata, Argentina.

⁴CONICET. Cátedra de Diversidad Animal I, FCEFyN, UNC, Av. Velez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina.

Accepted 15 April, 2020

Abstract

In the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, several described species of Clupeiformes overlap their geographical distribution in the coastal areas from Rio Grande do Sul (Southern Brazil) to Bahía Blanca (Argentina) and the Río de la Plata estuary. Larvae and juveniles of the SW Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia aurea are very difficult to discriminate from those of other clupeids belonging to the genera Platanichthys and Ramnogaster inhabiting the same environments. Here we implemented phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences and morphometric and osteological studies to achieve unambiguous species recognition in different ontogenetic stages of six endemic species of Clupeiformes from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. All phylogenetic analyses based on the cytochrome b gene yielded a robust support to the existence of highly structured and monophyletic groups conforming clupeiforms taxa. These monophyletic entities were consistent with major groups accessed through the first two principal components (PCs) from morphometric variation among taxa. Both approaches resulted in accurated and complementary tools for the individual assignment in clades and groups within Clupeiformes during different ontogenetic stages in their life cycle. The detection of species-specific spawning and nursery areas through accurated methodological approaches of identification constitute a prerequisite for a sustainable management in pelagic fisheries.

Key words: Estuarine, clupeiformes, identification, morphology, cytochrome b.

African Journal of Fisheries Science ISSN 2375-0715 Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Temperature effect on fish culture tank facilities inside greenhouse

Genaro M. Soto-Zarazúa*, Enrique Rico-García and Manuel Toledano-Ayala

Biosystems Department, School of Engineering, Queretaro State University, C.U. Cerro de las Campanas S/N, C.P. 76010, Querétaro, México.

Accepted 12 March, 2020

Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of tank position on the water temperature of fish culture tanks in aquaculture facilities inside a greenhouse. The temperature was measured in four 20 m³ capacity tanks. Three points were measured for each tank: point A, the water in the fish culture tanks; point B, the environment outside of the tanks and point C, a point 0.3 m below the soil level. The measurements were recorded in periods of five minutes with data loggers. Significant differences in water temperature were found among the fish culture tanks with a grade of significance of 0.05 and environmental and soil temperature proved to exert an important influence on the water of the fish culture tanks. The mean value of the r-Pearson correlation found is 0.87.

Key words: Aquaculture, temperature, greenhouse, culture tanks, thermal behavior.