ISSN 2736-1624
Short Communication
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 10 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Larvaecidal effects of aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) on the larvae of Anopheles mosquito
Aliero, B.L.
Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto-Nigeria. Tel.: 234-060-237970; e-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 18 August, 2019
Abstract
The effect of crude aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) against the larvae of Anopheles mosquito was investigated. Exposure of the larvae to undiluted extracts of seed oil, leaf and bark for 12 hours led to 100, 98, and 48% mortality, respectively. Dilution of these extracts also resulted in mortality of the larvae. We suggest that the seed oil and leaf extract of neem contain properties that could be developed and used in the control of mosquitoes in the tropics.
Key words: Anopheles mosquito, neem, Azadirachta indica.
Aliero , B.L.
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https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1233Short Communication
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 10 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Plasmid profile of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 from apparently healthy animals
Smith SI1*, Aboaba OO2, Odeigha P3, Shodipo K2, Adeyeye JA3, Ibrahim A3, Adebiyi T1, Onibokun H1 and Odunukwe NN1
1Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, P.M.B. 2013, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
2Department of Microbiology, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
3Department of Cell Genetics, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
Accepted 22 August, 2019
Abstract
One hundred samples from healthy animals were screened for the presence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0157: H7 and 17 were positive for EHEC 0157:H7 after confirmation using serology kits. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns showed the isolates to be highly susceptible to the various antibiotics screened with a few showing multiple antibiotic resistance. The plasmid profiles revealed that 8/17 (47%) of the animal isolates harboured detectable plasmids ranging in size from 0.564 kb to >23 kb.
Key words: Escherichia coli, EHEC, animals, plasmid profile.
Adebiyi T, Onibokun H and Odunukwe NN, Odeigha P, Shodipo K, Aboaba OO, Smith SI*, Ibrahim A, Adeyeye JA
Page: 1 - 3
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1232Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 10 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro trypanocidal effect of methanolic extract of some Nigerian savannah plants
S.E. Atawodi1*, T. Bulus1, S. Ibrahim1, D.A. Ameh1, A.J. Nok1, M. Mamman2, M. Galadima3
1Biochemistry Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
2Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
3Microbiology Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Accepted 10 August, 2019
Abstract
Methanol extracts from twenty three plants harvested from the Savannah vegetation belt of Nigeria were analyzed in vitro for trypanocidal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma congolense at concentrations of 4 mg/ml, 0.4 mg/ml and 0.04 mg/ml. Extracts of Khaya senegalensis, Piliostigma reticulatum, Securidaca longepedunculata and Terminalia avicennoides were strongly trypanocidal to both organisms while extracts of Anchomanes difformis, Cassytha spp, Lannea kerstingii, Parkia clappertioniana, Striga spp, Adansonia digitata and Prosopis africana were trypanocidal to either T. brucei brucei or T. congolense. These findings provide evidence of the effects of some plants in the traditional management of trypanosomiasis.
Key words: Savannah, medicinal plants, trypanocidal effects, trypanosomiasis, trypanosome, in vitro model.
D.A. Ameh, A.J. Nok, T. Bulus, M. Galadima, S.E. Atawodi*, S. Ibrahim, M. Mamman
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https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1231Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 10 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full length Research Paper
The influence of African Herbal Formula on the haematological parameters of trypanosome infected rats
Okochi VI1, Okpuzor J2*, Okubena MO3, Awoyemi AK4
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
2Department Of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
3 Bena Farms Limited, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria.
4 Samaritan Spiritual Healing Home, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Accepted 22 August, 2019
Abstract
A herbal mixture of herbs code named African Herbal Formula (AFH) influenced the state of anaemia in trypanosome infected rats. Observations showed that the formula has an effect on the haemopoietic system manifested by a positive increase in the levels of haemoglobin, packed cell volume and red blood cell while the white blood cell and lymphocyte levels were decreased. AHF also delayed the proliferation of the parasites and improved the level of the characteristic weight loss associated with trypanosomiasis.
Key words: African Herbal Formula, trypanosomiasis, anaemia.
Okochi VI, Okpuzor J*, Okubena MO and Awoyemi AK
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https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1230Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 10 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Response of Trypanosoma brucei brucei–induced anaemia to a commercial herbal preparation
Patrick O Erah1*, Canice C Asonye2 and Augustine O Okhamafe1
1Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Accepted 15 October, 2019
Abstract
Jubi Formula® is a herbal preparation made from three medicinal herbs (Parquetina nigrescens, Sorghum bicolor and Harungana madagascariensis). It has been reported to have been successfully used in the treatment of anaemia in humans. A study was therefore carried out to determine the effect of the preparation on packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations in anaemic rabbits. The PCV and Hb concentrations of healthy rabbits infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei were monitored for 49 days. T. b. brucei produced a significant reduction in PCV and Hb concentrations in all infected rabbits when compared with the controls (p<0.05). These hematological parameters were restored to normal levels in the anaemic rabbits by the herbal preparation. The anaemic rabbits not treated with the herbal preparation presented with a progressive decline in their PCV and Hb concentrations and majority of them died before the end of the study. Healthy rabbits that received daily doses of the herbal preparation showed gradual elevation in PCV and Hb concentrations which were maintained within normal range. Jubi Formula® can restore the PCV and Hb concentrations in anaemic conditions and is a potential substitute for blood transfusion. However, further studies are needed to investigate the potentials of the herbal preparation in reversing anaemia.
Key words: Anaemia, PCV, rabbits, haemoglobin, herbal preparation.
Canice C Asonye and Augustine O Okhamafe, Patrick O Erah*
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1229Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 10 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of ripening on the composition and the suitability for jam processing of different varieties of mango (Mangifera indica)
Germain Kansci1*, Benoit Bargui Koubala1, Israel Mbome Lape2
1University of Yaounde I, Department of Biochemistry, PO Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon.
2Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Ministry of Scientific and Technical Research, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Accepted 22 October, 2019
Abstract
As part of an effort to solve the problem of post harvest losses of fruits, physicochemical characteristics of four mango varieties (Palmer, Améliorée, Mango and Keitt) were determined at two ripening stages. Their suitability for jam processing was also evaluated based on viscosity measurements. The pulps of pre-ripe mangoes were highly acidic (pH: 3.50 – 3.85), rich in starch (4.4 – 11.1 % w/w) as well as in dry matter. They contained less soluble sugars (4.04 – 7.56 g/100 g) and recorded lower viscosity values than those of the ripe mangoes. The pre-ripe Palmer and Améliorée mango varieties had high dry matter content, while the Mango and Améliorée varieties had higher soluble sugars contents. Due to their higher starch contents, all the jams prepared with pre-ripe mangoes were more viscous than the ripe mango preparations. Ripe Palmer and Améliorée varieties were the best for jam processing, based on their viscosity values. These results could help to improve the quality of mango jams.
Key words: Mango, proximate analysis, ripening stage, jam processing.
Benoit Bargui Koubala, Germain Kansci*, Israel Mbome Lape
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https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1228