Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology

Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 001-010, April, 2017. International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Investigations on fertilization biology and description of fruit characteristics of some persimmon (Diospyros kaki) cultigens

Yasemin Evrenoso lu¹*, Nihal Acarsoy² and Adalet Misirli²

¹Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Eski ehir Osmangazi University, 26480 Eski ehir, Turkey.

²Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.

Accepted 28 September, 2016

Abstract

Persimmon is a fruit that has increasing importance on export and prefer to be consumed because its taste, nutrient content and appearance. It can be grown at different ecological conditions without discerning climate and soil. In this sense, it is important to encourage persimmon cultivation. Pollinators need to be used for a good fruit set on cultural varieties. In this study that prepared from this point of view, fertilization biology, phenological and pomological observations were performed on Hachiya and Fuji cultivars that pollinated with different male types in Ödemi / zmir-Turkey. Additionally, viability (TTC and IKI) and germination tests were carried out. Consequently, it was observed that fruit set increased when pollinators were used.

Key words: Persimmon, pollination, fruit characteristics, phenology, pomology.

Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Yield character variability in Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

Sanoussi Atta¹*, Hadiara Hassane Seyni¹, Yacoubou Bakasso², Benoît Sarr¹, Issaka Lona¹ and Mahamane Saadou²

¹Centre Régional AGRHYMET, BP 11011 Niamey, Niger.

²Faculté des Sciences, Université Abdou Moumouni, BP 10662 Niamey, Niger.

Accepted 15 October, 2016

Abstract

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has considerable economic importance in the western Sahel because of its nutritional and medical properties. In order to obtain information on variability, a study of yield and some related characters (number of branches/plant, number of capsules/plant, number of seeds/fruit, hundred seed weight) using nine ecotypes of Roselle was undertaken during the rainy season (from July to September) in 2004 at the experimental station of the Agrhymet Regional Centre in Niamey (Niger). Results indicated considerable variability among ecotypes for most of the measured parameters. Seed yield ranged from 292±8.80 kg/ha (ecotypes E8) to 497±8.91 kg/ha (E4). Calyx yield varied significantly (P < 0.01), from 123±8.26 kg/ha (E1) to 766±36.81 kg/ha (E9). The ecotypes which produced the highest seed yield also had high leaf yield but low calyx yield. There was also a significant (P < 0.05) difference among ecotypes in yield components such as hundred seed weight, number of branches/plant, number of capsules/plant and number of seeds/fruit. Ecotypes with higher calyx yield had lower hundred seed weight and shorter plants. Results indicated the possibility to increase calyx yield and consequently farmer’s income through selection programs.

Key words: Hibiscus sabdariffa, variability, leaf, seed, calyx yield, components, Niger.

Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The effect of NaCl seed priming on salt tolerance, antioxidant enzyme activity, proline and carbohydrate accumulation of Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) under saline condition

Rozbeh Farhoudi¹, Saeed Saeedipour¹* and Delfie Mohammadreza²

¹Islamic Azad University, Shoshtar Branch, Iran.

²Chmran University, Department of Agronomy, Iran.

Accepted 18 September, 2016

Abstract

Seeds of Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars' Garmsar (local cultivar in south of Iran) and Flexuosus were primed with 100 mmol NaCl solution for 36 h at 20°C. In experiment 1, after priming four replicates of 25 seeds were germinated between two rolled sheets of filter paper with 10 ml of respective salinity test solutions. Seeds were allowed to germinate at 22 ± 1°C in the 16/8 dark and light for 12 days. The experimental design was two factors factorial arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD), with four replications. The first factor was salinity stress (0, 50, 100 and 150 mmol NaCl solution) and the second factor was NaCl Primied (P) and nonprimed seeds (NP). Results indicated that salt stress decreased seed germination and seedling dry weight of muskmelon cultivars but seed priming increased seed germination and seedling growth. At 150 mmol NaCl solution, highest seedling dry weight obtained from cv. Garmsar. In experiment 2, after priming, P and NP muskmelon seeds were sown in germination boxes filled with perlit and sphangnum peat (3:1). 5 seeds sown in any pot and the germination boxes were placed in greenhouse where temperature ranges between 16/26°C, night/day for 3 weeks. The experimental design was two factors factorial, arranged in a completely randomized block design, with four replications. The factors were like experiment 1. Results revealed that salt stress decrease shoot dry weight of muskmelon cultivars, but shoot dry weight of P seeds were higher compare to NP seeds. Seed priming increased antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble carbohydrate and proline content and decrease seed membrane damage of muskmelon cultivars because MDA concentration was low in P group in contrast to NP group. Under 150 mmol salinity level, highest shoot dry weight, antioxidant activity, carbohydrate accumulation and lowest MDA concentration obtained in cv. Garmsar at P group.

Key words: Antioxidant enzyme, muskmelon, osmotic adjustment, priming.

Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Correlation and relationships between seed yield and other characteristics in chickpea (Cicer arietinum l.) cultivars under deterioration

Abbas Biabani¹*, Mahnaz Katozi², Mehdi Mollashahi¹ Abdolghadir gharavi bahlake¹ and Ameneh haji gholi khani¹

¹Department of Crop Production, Gonbad University, Iran.

²Department of Agronomy in Azad University of Tabriz, Iran.

Accepted 19 November, 2016

Abstract

This study was done in  order to  evaluate the  relationships between  grain  yield  and  the other characteristics with two cultivars of chickpea (Hashem and Arman) in deterioration (0 (control), 7 and 14 days). The experiment was a factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors. It was conducted on a research farm at Gonbadekavoos High Education Center- Iran in 2009. At harvest time, height of the plants, filled and unfilled pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, plant dry weight and yield were measured. Results showed the yield had highly positive correlation with filled pod per plant (r = 0.96)) (p<0.01).  In Arman and Hashem cultivar, yield had highly correlation with seed number per plant (r = 0.95) (p<0.01) Dependence of seed yield to height was great with deterioration 14 days; and the correlation coefficient between filled pod number and height after 7 days deterioration was significantly (P<0.01) negative (r = -0.95) (P<0.01) but it was of greater magnitude in 14 days deterioration (r = 0.79) (P<0.01).

Key words: Chickpea, correlation, deterioration, relationship, yield.

Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 6 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2016. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of oxytetracycline in the prevention of American foulbrood in bee colonies

Nada Plavša¹, Dragica Stojanovi², Igor Stojanov², Nikola Puva a¹*, Vidica Stana ev¹ and Bosiljka urii³

¹University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Trg Dositeja Obradovi a 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.

²Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Rumena ki put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.

³University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Bulevar JA 18, Beograd, Serbia.

Accepted 18 January, 2015

Abstract

In this paper, we presented the procedure of artificial infection of bee colonies with American Foulbrood by the spores of Panibacillus larvae (P. larvae). Bee colonies were treated with oxytetracycline that was applied in a patty and sugar syrup. The symptoms and the course of the disease within the bee colony were monitored. Our research included 20 bee colonies divided in three experimental and one control group. Every bee colony consisted of 2000 young worker bees and a young breeder queen. After laying of first eggs three experimental groups were infected with spore-suspension of P. laervae at concentration 2x10⁹ spore/ml. The development of the disease was monitored under the following experimental conditions: Experimental group I did not receive antimicrobial therapy, Groups II and III were given antibiotics in a sugar syrup and extender patty, respectively. In the first experimental group the first clinical signs were observed on day 25. while vegetative form of P. larvae was detected on day 12.  Treatment with oxytetracycline in the second and third group delayed the manifest disease until day 47

Key words: Bee colonies, American foulbrood, oxytetracycline. 

Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 3 (8), pp. 317-325, October, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Nutritional evaluation of processed Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds-Soya bean (Glycine max) seeds- Maize (Zea mays) grains-Crayfish blend of weaning formulae

^1*Obimba, Kelechukwu Clarence, ²Ihedimbu, Chiamaka Perpetua,  ³Ozougwu, Jevas Chibuike, and ⁴Eziuzor, Chukwunyelum Samuel

^1,2Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. ^3,4Physiology and Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Rhema University Aba, Abia State, Nigeria.

Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 25 October, 2015

Abstract

Weaning formulae, SCMC 20% (20% protein) and SCMC 16% (16% protein) prepared from available and affordable plants (soya bean seeds, cowpea seeds, maize grains, and fluted pumpkin leaves) and animal (crayfish) sources  were evaluated for their nutritional efficiency in a comparative study. The experimental design for the animal feeding trial is a single factor, Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Fourty male wistar albino rats were divided into four groups of 10 animals each, housed in stainless steel cages and fed ad-libitum on three different types of weaning formulae (SCMC-16%, SCMC-20%, and nutrend (Rd)), and a basal diet, for a period of 28 days. Results were recorded as values of mean ± S.E unit, as follows (range of values): growth performance (GP): (-25.1± 1.02 -86.2 ± 1.0 g), Serum albumin (SA) (1.78 ± 0.2-4.15 ± 0.1g/dl), Serum cholesterol (C) (155 ± 0.02-185 ± 0.02 g/dl), Serum triglyceride (T) (95± 0.04 -125± 0.01g/dl), WBC_Total (2754± 12-5183± 25.15 mm), Aspartate amino transferase (AST): (9.1 ± 0.01-18.1 ± 2.16  U/l), PCV% (27.1 ± 0.2-55.8 ± 1.2%), Net protein utilization (NPU%) (87.1 ± 2.1-97.2 ± 1.02%),  Biological value (BV) (90.2 ± 1.0-98.2 ± 1. 2), True digestibility (TD%): (90.2 ± 1.0-97.1 ± 1.02%), and Protein efficiency ratio (PER): (-1.35 ± 0.5-3.55± 0.01), Histopathology (liver tissues), diet group : SCMC-20% : normal; basal : degenerative changes. The SCMC-20% diet group had the significantly  highest mean values of all the parameters measured, except the AST activity, C and T of which it had the lowest. GP (grams) regressed multiply and significantly (p<0.05) with PCV%, SA (g/dl) and TD% of the SCMC-20% diet group. The regression and correlation between NPU% and SA (g/dl) of the SCMC-20% diet group was significant (p<0.05) (r = 0.985). The nutritional efficiency of the weaning formulae listed in sequential order of significant (p<0.05) decrease is: SCMC 20%>SCMC 16%/Rd (nutrend). The weaning formulae could serve as preventive and curative dietary therapies of protein energy malnutrition.                          

Keywords: Nutritional efficiency, histopathology, protein energy malnutrition.