International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management

International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management ISSN 5423-5294 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-009, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The effect of different irrigation amounts and different doses of phosphorus-magnesium on the yield characteristics of soybean (glycine max. l.) under the conditions of semi-arid of the Harran Plain

Aise Deliboran¹*, Erdal Sakin², Erkan Boydak³ and Hasan Aslan¹

¹Directorate of Agricultural Research Institute and GAP Soil-Water Resources, Sanliurfa, Turkey.

²Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Agriculture of Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.

³Department of Field Crops, Agriculture Faculty, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey.

Accepted 27 September, 2019

Abstract

This field trial was conducted to examine the effects of different doses of magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers on yield per decare (da), plant growth and yield characteristics of soybean plants grown with differing amounts of water. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split-split plot design with three replications, and was conducted in 2006 and 2007. Three different water levels (I1, I2, I3), four different doses of phosphorus (0, 4, 8 and 12 kg P da-1) and three different doses of magnesium (0, 4 and 8 kg Mg da-1) were administered. The cumulative pan values obtained from the class-A evaporation pan were 33% for I1, 67% for I2 and 100% for I3. The yield per da, plant height, node number, branch number, first soybean height, soybean number, soybean height and number of seeds per soybean were examined. Increasing water, magnesium and phosphorus increased the yield per decare, plant height, node number, branch number, first pod height, pod number, pod height and seeds per pod. Moreover, increasing water increased the height of the first pod, while increasing phosphorus and magnesium reduced first pod height.

Keywords: Soybean, irrigation level, deficit irrigation, water management, phosphorus, magnesium, yield, quality, semi-arid area.

International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management ISSN 5423-5294 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effects of different irrigation programs on yield and quality parameters of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under greenhouse conditions

Ulas Senyigit*, Abdullah Kadayifci, F. Ozge Ozdemir, Hasan Oz and Atilgan Atilgan

Department of Agricultural Structure and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32260, Turkey.

Accepted 16 July, 2019

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effects of different irrigation programs on yield and quality parameters of eggplant under greenhouse conditions, using Class A pan evaporation calculations and different plant-pan coefficients. Irrigation water was applied through drip irrigation method twice a week during the growing period. Irrigation treatments consisted of five plant-pan coefficients (S1: k_cp = non-irrigation, S2: k_cp = 0.50, S3: k_cp = 0.75, S4: k_cp = 1.00 and S5: k_cp = 1.25). The amount of irrigation water ranged between 95.2 and 238.7 mm among the treatments. Evapotranspiration (ET) values varied from 93.1 to 466.3 mm for the treatments. The highest yield was obtained from the S3 and S4 treatments. A significant polynomial correlation was obtained between the yield and irrigation water, and between the yield and ET (P < 0.01). This indicated that when irrigation water and ET increased, yield also increased to a certain point. However, when the amount of irrigation water exceeded the plant water requirement, eggplant yield decreased. Yield response factor (K_y) was determined as 0.81. Since K_y < 1, eggplants were not sensitive to water deficiency. In addition, the highest water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) values were calculated in the S3 (12.9 kgm^-3) and S2 (44.2 kgm^-3) treatments, while the lowest WUE and IWUE values were calculated in the S5 (7.9 and 15.5 kgm^-3) treatment to which the highest irrigation water was applied. This finding indicated that WUE and IWUE values decreased with the increasing irrigation water and ET. These results suggested that S3 (k_cp = 0.75) treatment can be the most appropriate irrigation program for eggplant with higher yield and WUE under greenhouse conditions.

Key words: Eggplant, yield response factor, water use efficiency, Class A pan, evapotranspiration.

International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management ISSN 5423-5294 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effects of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of vegetable soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] in semi-arid conditions

Comlekcioglu, N.¹* and Simsek, M.²

¹Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.

²Department of Agricultural Structures and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.

Accepted 12 November, 2019

Abstract

Vegetable soybeans [Glycine max L (Merr.)] are very sensitive crops to environmental conditions during their growth stages, especially in term of water scarcity. Water scarcity is one of the major environmental factors influencing sustainable agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions. Careful management irrigation strategies need to save irrigation water with marginal yield reduction. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of the water deficit on yield and yield components of soybean in semi-arid conditions. This research was carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Field of the Harran University (Sanliurfa, Turkey) on clay soil during the growth periods of 2006 and 2007. The irrigation treatments were 33% (I₃₃), 67% (I₆₇), 100% (I₁₀₀) and 133% (I₁₃₃) ratios of total irrigation water applied (IW)/cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) with four day irrigation interval. The average amount of irrigation water applied to treatments (I_133, I₁₀₀, I₆₇ and I₃₃) was 1058, 795, 533 and 263 and 1094, 823, 551 and 272 mm for Toyokomachi and Toyohomare cultivars, respectively. The maximum green pod yields were 20.6 and 29.1 t ha^-1 with 997 and 922 mm water consumption for Toyohomare and Toyokomachi, respectively in I₁₃₃ treatments. Yield response factor (k_y) values of I₁₀₀, I₆₇ and I₃₃ treatments were determined as 2.17, 0.92 and 0.59 for Toyohomare and 3.50, 0.61 and 0.61 for Toyokomachi, respectively. The results of the study implied that at least equal (I₁₀₀) or excess of the evaporated water amount is required to produce high yield in soybean. Differences of yield between cultivars in response to irrigation levels make it necessary to select less sensitive cultivars to water stress especially in semi-arid and arid areas. Varietal characteristics must be considered for successful growing of soybean.

Key words: Soybean, Glycine max, deficit irrigation, water deficit.

International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management ISSN 5423-5294 Vol. 7 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Analyzing wastewater use possibilities: Prospects of garden irrigation in the Middle Olifants sub-basin

N. S. Molepo*, A. Belete and J. J. Hlongwane

Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Limpopo, P. Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.

Accepted 19 November, 2019

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the relevance of wastewater as one possibility to deal with the scarce water situation in the Middle Olifants Sub-basin. The Middle Olifants sub-basin is the third most water stressed sub-basin in South Africa. It is an arid and semi-arid region which includes different water user groups like growing industrial zones, large and small-scale farming with irrigation activities. The study used stratified random sampling technique due to the fact that some households use wastewater and others do not use wastewater. The analysis using both descriptive statistics and logistic regression model revealed that there are several socio-economic factors (for example, education level, water source, water quantity, availability of garden, etc.) that affect the usage of wastewater for agricultural purposes. This implies that the Department of Water and Forestry and other private institutions need to raise the public awareness campaign in the communities in order to encourage people to use the wastewater efficiently so that fresh water could be conserved. Policies on wastewater use have tended to focus on treatment before use and the implementation of strict regulations. In South Africa clear policy guidelines on how to optimize the benefits and minimize the risks of this practice are lacking.

Key words: Wastewater, Middle Olifants, logistic regression, households.