International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture 2167-0455 Vol. 5 (3), pp. 272-275, March, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Major problems of flower harvesters in Allahabad city, India

Nimisha Suryavanshi and Razia Parvez

Department of Family Resource Management, Ethelind School of Home Science, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Science, Allahabad 211007, India.

*Corresponding author.E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 18, April 2014

Abstract

This topic is concern with the study of flower harvesters because this is also a drudgery prone activity which affects their body and they also feel some kind of problem which is explained here. The data of the study are collected by interview schedule as well as by their anthropometry measurements. The study was undertaken in Allahabad city in block Chaka, where rose and Marigold flowers are propagated on large scale.  

Key word: Drudgery ergonomic, anthropometry, bending, flower, harvesters.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 5 (3), pp. 289-294, March, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of different levels of nitrogen on commercial onion varieties for off season green production in Western Chitwan, Nepal

M. Dhital, S.M. Shakya, M.D. Sharma and J.P. Dutta

Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal.

*Corresponding author.E-mail:[email protected]

Accepted 17 March, 2015

Abstract

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen on commercial onion varieties for off season green production in sandy loam soils at Shukranagar Village Development Committee (V.D.C), Chitwan, Nepal, from July to November 2008. The field experiment was laid out in two factors factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha^-1) and two varieties (Agrifound Dark Red and Nasik-53) with four replications. Green onion yield was the highest (42.38 t ha^-1) at 120 kg N ha^-1 where as it was reduced to 40 t ha^-1 at 160 kg N ha^-1. The combination of 120 kg N ha^-1 and Agrifound Dark Red (AFDR) produced the highest green yield (43.8 t ha^-1). The plant height (59.81cm) and numbers of leaves (9.47) per plant measured at 60 days after seedling transplanting (DAT) were the highest at 120 kg N ha^-1 which was significantly higher than the control 48.58 days and 7.287 leaves per plant respectively). Number of leaves plant per plant, plant height, percentage doubled plants and immature bulb diameter showed positive correlation with green yield. The earliest maturity (51.88 days) of the crop was at 120 kg N ha^-1 while the most delayed was in the control (58.75 days). AFDR matured earlier (52.25 days) than N-53 (56.5 days). The highest post harvest loss (29.13 %) was in the treatment of 160 kg N ha^-1 after 6 days of harvest. Benefit cost ratio of AFDR at 120 kg N ha^-1 (5.14) was the highest as compared to N-53 (4.46) at same level of N.

Key words: Green onion, Nitrogen, Variety, Off season.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 5 (2), pp. 252-257, February, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genotype and environmental interaction of plant breeders in developing improved varieties of elephant foot yam

Raman Rushidie¹*, Bal Chopra Kumar², Ambani Bshole Tata³ and Akbar Singh Ratan⁴

¹KVK, CAU, C.V. Sc & AH, Selesih, Aizawl-796 014, Mizoram, India.

²NDUAT, Kumarganj, Faizabad U.P. -224 229, India.

³Department of Horticulture (Vegetable and Floriculture), Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, Bihar -813 210 India.

⁴ICAR-RC-NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib, Mizoram -796 081 India.

E-mail: [email protected] 

Accepted 10 January, 2017

Abstract

Genotypic × environment (G × E) interactions in 35 indigenous line of elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Dennst Nicolson) were evaluated for two consecutive years of 2007 and 2008 under four environments in randomized block design (RBD) for yield, plant height, weight of corm, size of corm, dry matter and starch content. Mean squares deviation due to environment and environment linear variations were highly significant for all the traits. Linear component of genotype × environment interaction assumed importance for weight of corm, size of corm and yield. Thus, the prediction of the genotypes in the environments appeared to be feasible for all the characters under study. G × E interaction was found to be significant for dry matter and starch content indicating that these quality contributing traits were highly influenced by the change in environment leading to extension of analysis for estimating stability parameters. All traits significantly observed for environment + (genotype × environment) interaction confirming the influence of environment and suggesting the existence of considerable variation among genotypes as well as environments. On the basis of all three stability parameters (xi, bi and S²di), the genotype NDA-9 possesses high mean, nearer to unit regression and non-significant low deviation from regression. With respect to yield on the basis of all three adaptability parameters, it is evident that the genotype NDA-9 is stable as it possesses high mean, nearer to unit regression and non-significant low deviation from regression. Whereas the highest yielding genotype NDA-35 showed above average sensitivity and low deviation from regression, this genotype could be considered as a suitable for favorable environmental condition.

Key words: Stability analysis, genotypic × environment interaction, adaptability, yield, quality traits, elephant foot yam.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 5 (1), pp. 247-251, January, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper 

Response of cucurbitaceous rootstocks and bitter gourd scions to root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid and White 

N.A.Tamilselvi^1*, L.Pugalendhi² and M.Sivakumar³

¹Department of Vegetable Crops, ³Department of Nematology,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003.

²Tapioca and Castor Research Station, Yethapur, Salem-636 119.

E-mail: [email protected]

Received 21 July, 2016; Revised 08 October, 2016; Accepted 19 November, 2016 and Published 02 January, 2017

Abstract

Root knot nematodes are responsible for severe crop loss in bitter gourd to the tune of 38-48.2%. Pot culture experiments were conducted under glasshouse conditions to study the effect of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid and Whitein ten cucurbitaceous species and to identify resistant rootstocks for grafting in bitter gourd. Second stage juveniles of M. incognita were inoculated at 2J₂ per cc soilinto the rhizosphere of 21 days old seedlings. Results revealed that, three genotypes viz.,Kumatikai (Citruluscolocynthis), African horned cucumber (Cucumismetuliferus) andpumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) showed resistant reaction followed by two rootstocks viz.,Sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) andmithipakal (Momordicacharantia var. muricata) which are moderately resistant. The biochemical activitiesviz., Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (PO)and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)showed superiority in the aforementioned species. These rootstocks are further used for grafting with bitter gourd scions.

Keywords: Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, resistance,bitter gourd, Biochemical parameters, Polyphenol oxidase, Peroxidase, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 4 (5), pp. 239-246, December, 2016. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Review on major potato disease and their management in Ethiopia

Semira Nasir 

 Madawalabu University School of Agriculture plant science department, Madawalabu University, P.O. Box 247, Bale Robe Ethiopia.

Email: [email protected]

Received 27 May, 2016; Revised 10 June, 2016; Accepted 12 August, 2016 and Published 30 December, 2016

Abstract

Ethiopia  has  possibly  the  highest  potential  for  potato  production  of  any  country  in  Africa. However in Ethiopia, the yield per unit area of potato is very low compared to those of other countries. There are many factors that reduce the yield of the crop among which the diseases like Late Blight (LB) and Bacterial Wilt (BW) which play an important role in reduction of the yield.Hence,the objective of this review is to review the major disease of potato and their management in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, LB is occurs throughout the major potato production areas and researches have made estimates of losses ranging from 6.5 to 61.7%, depending on levelof susceptibility of the varieties.Different types of management options like Fungicide Use, Resistant Cultivars, Intercropping,this management practice can help in reducing LB effect.  However  because  of  its  new  strain  development,  there  is  no  single effective  management  strategy  of  this disease. Therefore adopting integrated disease management approach is the most effective, environmentally safe and low costly to the users.In addition to LB Bacterial wilt of potato can also cause significant yield loss to potato. Because of this pathogen stays in the soil for several years it prohibits subsequent production of potato in the same field. Moreover, this pathogen may stay latent without showing any symptoms in the field with the consequence of high impact on tuber yield in the upcoming season. For this disease the common control measures employed in other countries include the use of resistant variety, crop sanitation, crop rotation and other cultural practice as single or integrated disease management have met, with only limited success and on more research has been done in Ethiopia for the management of this disease. Therefore in our country more research is needed on this disease management.  

Keywords: Potato, late blight, bacterial wilt, management. 

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 4 (4), pp. 233-238, November, 2016. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Econometric analysis of forest and coastal savannah transition zones of fruits and vegetable crops

Matulu Richard Kwami

Senior Research Fellow, Department of Economic and Technological Change, Center for Development Research (ZEF), Walter Flex-Street. 3, D-53113 Bonn, Germany.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 26 October, 2016

Abstract 

Policy makers in developing countries have been concerned with the economic and political risks associated with heavy dependence on few specialized raw materials as main sources of government revenue and foreign exchange. Development partners and donor agencies have equally extolled the need for these countries to diversify their export base as a poverty reduction strategy. As a result, several African countries have tended to focus on non-traditional agricultural exports (NTEs) which reflect their comparative advantage and for many countries the export of horticultural crops has been favoured. This study focuses on a household survey undertaken in the forest and coastal savannah transition zones of Ghana, where the farming system has undergone a remarkable transition from an established system of food crop farming for sale to urban consumers to an intensive production of fruits and vegetable crops for export to European consumers. Econometric analysis shows that though export horticulture has a positive impact on the wellbeing of the majority of households, the chronically poor households are structurally impeded from seizing the available opportunities due to poor resource endowment and liquidity constraints.

Key words. Export horticulture, food security, household livelihood, non-traditional exports, export diversification, pro-poor growth.