International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2756-3790 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Nitrogen Management Practices and Their Influence on Essential Oil Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.)

Ali Alizadeh Sahzabi1, Ebrahim Sharifi Ashoorabadi2, Amir Hossein Shiranirad3, Bohlool Abbaszadeh2 and Hossein Aliabadi Farahani4*

1Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch, Iran.
2Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Iran.
3Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran.

4Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Iran.

Accepted 13 January, 2025

To evaluate the beneficial impact of methods of nitrogen application on summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.), some yield characters were investigated. The objective in this study was, the interactive effects of foliar nitrogen application and solid nitrogen application on: essential oil yield and water use efficiency at Iran in 2006. The experiment was carried out using a factorial design with three replications. Certain factors including solid nitrogen application (non-application, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) and foliar nitrogen application (non-application, 4.5, 6 and 7.5%) that sprayed in three stages (stem elongation stage, the beginning of flowering stage and the beginning of seed formation stage) were studied. The final statistical analysis indicated that in the high solid N application, yield compounds were significantly higher. Flowering shoot yield, essential oil yield, seed yield and root yield of plants were higher in units by higher solid N application in plant. The foliar N application treatment significantly increased yield compounds, biological yield, essential oil percentage and water use efficiency. Foliar N application persist less in damaging of soil N application result, and it enables plant to significantly grow its shoot and root developing along soil depth and consequently increasing essential oil yield and water use efficiency of summer savory. The findings may give applicable advice to commercial farmers and medicinal and aromatic plants researchers for management and concern on fertilizer strategy and carefully estimate solid N supply by foliar N application.

Key words: Foliar nitrogen application, solid nitrogen application, essential oil yield, water use efficiency, Satureja hortensis L.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2756-3790 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-014, March, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of Gamma Irradiation on Okra Growth and Seed Yield: Molecular Insights into Abelmoschus esculentus Enhancement

A. Z. Hegazi1* and N. Hamideldin2

1Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt. 2Natural Product Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, NCRRT. Atomic Energy Authority P. O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.

Accepted 23 December, 2024

Abstract

This investigation was carried out to study the effect of different gamma irradiation doses and water soaking on okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench- Malvaceae] seeds of two varieties (Sabahia and Balady). Both varieties showed similar trends in response to different treatments. Gamma irradiation at 400 Gy was superior for both varieties in growth criteria enhancement, photosynthetic pigment contents, seed yield and seed quality. The results also showed that 300 Gy had positive effects with respect to all studied growth parameters. Seeds irradiated with either 500 Gy or soaked in water (hydropriming) for 12 h before planting showed lower effects than other treatments but still greater than the control (direct dry seed sowing). Soaking in water or application of gamma irradiation induced changes in the number of protein bands in the two varieties, but high doses of gamma irradiation (400 and 500 Gy) caused highest changes. The variation in DNA profile in responses to gamma irradiation treatments was detected by RAPD -PCR technique. In variety Sabahia, the percentage of polymorphism was 47.37%, but in variety Balady it was 50%. The relatively high doses of gamma irradiation (400 and 500 Gy) induced more changes in genomic DNA pattern than the low dose (300 Gy).

Key words: Okra, gamma irradiation, hydropriming, protein patterns, RAPD-PCR.
 

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2756-3790 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Optimizing Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Citrange: Effects of Culture Parameters and Inoculation Density

Randall P. Niedz* and Terence J. Evens

Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory,2001 South Rock Road, Ft. Pierce, FL 34945-3030.

Accepted 16 November, 2024

This study focused on the effect of two factors, initial culture density and subsequent inoculation density on the transformation efficiency of citrus rootstock US-812 (Citrus reticulata x Poncirus trifoliata) epicotyl explants. In the first experiment, Agrobacterium EHA105 containing pBINGUSint was grown in YEP medium to an OD600 of 1 and glycerol stocks made and stored at -80°C. The three factors incubation time (18 to 24 hours), glycerol stock dilution (1/10, 1/100, 1/1000), and temperature (26 or 28°C) were simultaneously varied and a response surface for OD600 was generated for culture density in baffled and unbaffled flasks. The resulting polynomial models for both flask types were highly significant with R2 values of 0.98; this means that the polynomial model can be used to specify the stock dilution, temperature, and flask type to achieve a target density in a given amount of time (accurate from 18 to 24 h). In a second set of experiments, transformation efficiency of juvenile epicotyl explants was assessed from treatments in a 2x2 factorial arrangement of Agrobacterium culture OD 600 (0.1 or 1) and inoculation density OD600 (0.1 or 1) using the GUS reporter gene. The polynomial model developed in the first experiment was used to determine the conditions to achieve each factorial treatment combination. No significant differences in main or interactive effects were detected.

Key words: Citrus, genetic transformation, rootstocks, Agrobacterium, GUS.
 

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2756-3790 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Assessment of Benzoic and Cinnamic Acids' Effects on Root Oxidative Injury in Tomato Seedlings

En-Ping Zhang*, Shu-Hong Zhang, Wen-Bo Zhang Liang-Liang Li and Tian-Lai Li

College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China.

Accepted 7 September, 2024

A systematic experiment was conducted to examine the effects of main autotoxic substances (benzoic acid and cinnamic acid), which was separated in our previous study, on roots oxidative damage of tomato seedlings. Potted tomato seedlings were cultured in perlite and treated with benzoic acid (BA) and cinnamic acid (CA) as exogenous autotoxins. Changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in roots were measured. The results showed that MDA contents were enhanced when treated with both BA and CA, especially in BA with a concentration of 10 mM on the 20th day. Activities of SOD, CAT and POD varied depending on autotoxins (BA or CA), their time of action and concentration. The SOD activity was increased by BA on the 5th day but decreases on the 10th and 20th day, which was increased by CA on the 5th and 10th day but decreases on the 20th day. The POD activity was enhanced on the 5th and 10th day (except the 10 mM CA on the 10th day), but reduced on the 10th day. With the application of both BA and CA, the CAT activity presented a peal on the 10th day and was inhibited on the 20th day and even under the level of the control. Results indicated the adverse effects of exogenous BA and CA on enzymes of antioxidant defence system resulting in lipid peroxidation in roots of tomato seedlings.

Key words: Exogenous autotoxins, enzymes of antioxidant defence system, lipid peroxidation, tomato seedling.
 

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2756-3790 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Investigating Correlations Among Phenotypic Traits in Wild Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Plus Trees

Amit Kumar* and S. Bhan

KVK/ETC, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir Malangpora, Pulwama (J & K), India.

Accepted 24 September, 2024

Wild apricot seeds collected from 167 selected trees were evaluated and considerable genetic variation for oil content, stone and kernel characters were recorded. Oil content ranged from 50.05 - 57.97%, while range of stone length, breadth and thickness was from 14.64 - 26.48, 12.26 - 21.49 and 8.63 - 14.65 mm, respectively. Stone and kernel weight varied between 66.60 - 295.10 and 18.20 - 68.18 g. Kernel size (length, breadth and thickness) and weight are most desirable characters which affect oil percentage. On the basis of the correlation studies, it was found that kernel thickness (0.292) and kernel weight (0.236) was positively and highly significantly correlated with the oil content along with the stone thickness (0.211). However, kernel weight has positive and highly significant correlation with all the stone and kernel characters.

Key words: Wild apricot, Prunus armeniaca, genetic variation, correlation, stone, kernel.
 

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2756-3790 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Participatory Analysis of Traditional Leafy Vegetables: Insights from Lari, Kiambu West District, Central Kenya

Jane Muthoni1* D. O. Nyamongo2 and Mary Silingi3

1Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Potato Research Center, Tigoni, P. O. Box 30148 00100, Nairobi,
Kenya.

2National Genebank of Kenya, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute. P. O. Box 30148 00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

Accepted 30 November, 2024

Production and consumption of African leafy vegetables (ALVs) is generally low in Central Kenya, yet micronutrient and vitamin malnutrition in some parts is high particularly among young children and women in childbearing age. This work was conducted in Lari division, Kiambu West district and its objective was to participatorily characterize and evaluate selected ALVs with small-scale farmers. A total of 31 accessions of spiderplants (Cleome gynandra), amaranths (Amaranthus spp.) and African nightshades (Solanum spp.) were participatorily characterized by four farmer groups comprising over 80 members. The following traits were evaluated: Number of leaves per plant, leaf colour, branches/plant and organoleptic test. Most farmers preferred highly leafed and branched genotypes with dark green leaves. In organoleptic test, there was a wide variation among all accessions evaluated.

Key words: ALVs, Lari Division, participatory on-farm characterization.