Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2381-3911 Vol. 6 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Integrated effects of humic acid and bio fertilizer on yield and phosphorus use efficiency in mungbean under rainfed condition

M. Sarwar, S. I. Hyder* , M. Ehsan Akhtar, Tauseef Tabassam and Shahid Riaz Malik

*Land Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural research Centre, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan.

Accepted 17 April, 2019

Abstract

Optimization of phosphorus (P) fertilizer for mungbean (Vigna radiata) was studied during kharif 2012 through integrated use of humic acid (HA), chemical fertilizers and biofertilizer viz., plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) at NARC. The plots were arranged in split-split design under three factors (HA, P levels and PGPR inoculation). Results indicated that application of HA at 50 kg ha^-1 along with 45 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅ (75% P) in presence of PGPR inoculation recorded the highest grain yield (1.96 t ha^-1) that is 19% more than the treatment receiving 100% P application alone (no HA and PGPR). The highest concentration of P (0.3 %) and N (3.5%) in whole shoot mung bean were observed in the treatment where HA was applied at 50 kg ha^-1 along with 60 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅ (100% P) and PGPR inoculation. However mungbean yield and P concentration was statistically at par with the treatment where P was applied at 75% of recommended rate along with H.A and PGPR. Based on findings of this study it can be suggested that HA and PGPR inoculation have significant effect on grain yield and improved P use efficiency (PUE). It showed that HA and PGRP enhanced P availability through chelation and reduce soil P fixation.

Key words: Humic acid, bio fertilizer (PGPR), P use efficiency, and mung bean.

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2381-3911 Vol. 6 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Gross margin analysis and constraints to yam production in Osun State, Nigeria

Omojola, Joseph Toba

Anambra state University, Igbariam campus. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 09 November, 2019

Abstract

This study examined the gross margin and constraint to yam production in Osun State, Nigeria. Multistage, purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 160 respondents for the study. Well structured questionnaires were administered to the respondents to obtain data. Descriptive statistics and gross margin analysis were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that majority (62.5%) were males, 90.3% were within the age range of 49 years and below, 58.3% were married, 70.9% had 6 - 20 years of farming experience and all the respondents had one form of formal education or the other. The enterprise was profitable based on the positive values of gross margin (N152,685,340), net farm income (N147,384,681) and net return on investment (0.92). Production was most seriously constrained by lack of capital, scarcity/ high cost of quality seed yams, high cost of labour, pests and diseases infestation and lack of modern technology. Yam farmer’s problems would be meliorated by the injection of more funds into agricultural production activities and the production of seed yams using yam minisett techniques. This would improve efficiency, enterprise profitability and sustainability.

Key words: Gross margin, constraints, yam production, Osun State, Nigeria.

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2381-3911 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The relationship between sex and age of buffalo’s infestation with ectoparasites in Sohag Governorate, Egypt

Abd El-Aleem Saad Soliman Desoky

Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt. E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract

Accepted 07 October, 2019

Abstract

During the present survey, 45 buffaloes were inspected for ectoparasites infestation, among them 40 buffaloes were found infested with two species of ectoparasites. The buffaloes were infested by Haematopinus tuberculatus presented an infestation rate of 66.67% but Sarcoptes sp., was recorded in 33.33% of the buffaloes. The relationship between the sex of the animals and the ectoparasites infestation were also determined. Thirty females and 5 males were infestated by H. tuberculatus, while 4 females and 1 male were infestated by Sarcoptes sp. The relationship between the age of buffaloes and the different species of ectoparasites infestation was also studied. In this case 100% of the young animals were infestated by H. tuberculatus compared with 93.33% in claves, so a lower infested population was recorded in adult animal. On the other hand only 20% of the young population was infestated by Sarcoptes sp., compared with 6.67% in claves and adult animal.

Key words: Claves, ectoparasites, Haematopinus tuberculatus, Sarcoptes sp.

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2381-3911 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Influence of anthropogenic factors on the diversity and richness of woody species in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India

Zaara Kidwai

WWF-India, Dehradun Programme Office 30-72/1, Rajpur Road, Near Pine Hall Lane, Dehradun-248001, India. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +91-8791706064.

Accepted 09 February, 2020

Abstract 

Effect of anthropogenic factors against species richness and diversity of the woody vegetation was analyzed in the Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, North-West India from February to May 2009. Sixteen transects, ranging from 1.8 to 2 km in length were laid throughout the 80 km² study area covering all the available habitat types. 10 m radius circular plots were laid to enumerate tree layer and degree of various anthropogenic factors making a total of 318 plots throughout the study period. These factors were quantified in each plot at a scale of 0 to 4 (0-none and 4-very high). Along with ocular observations, software EstimateSWin750 was used to calculate richness and diversity of trees along each transect. The ocular results showed highest number of trees in Malajodka (369) and the least number of trees in Kiraska (93). Observed tree diversity was found to be maximum for the transect of Pandupol – Kiraska (18±3.05). Whereas, least diversity was found to be in the transect of Sadar I (6±2.23), having lesser degree of disturbance than former. Richness estimates showed highest value of richness (32.95±16.44) in transect of Malajodka which is in hilly tracts and least value for richness (6±0.43) in the transect of Sadar I.

Key words: Anthropogenic factor, diversity, richness, vegetation plots, Sariska.

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2381-3911 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Efficacy of azoxystrobin 25 SC along with bioagents on chilli powdery mildew diseases under field condition

P. Ahila Devi* and V. Prakasam

Centre for Plant Protection studies, Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003, India.

Accepted 20 September, 2019

Abstract

Field trials were conducted to determine the bioeffficacy of Azoxystrobin 25 SC against Powdery mildew of Chilli. Three sprays with Azoxystrobin at 150 a.i, 125 g a.i and 100 g a.i/hac were introduce on chilli plants for controlling the spread of Leveillula taurica. The results for the first and second season revealed that maximum control of powdery mildew disease is by Azoxystrobin at 150 g a.i/hac giving the maximum reduction of about 91.15 and 90.95 compared to the second season recording of 86.07 and 84.06, respectively.

Key words: Bioefficacy, yield, Azoxystrobin 25 SC, powdery mildew, Leveillula taurica.

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2381-3911 Vol. 6 (1), pp. 001-009, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Comparative productivity and profitability of organic and conventional tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter] production under rainfed condition: Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Medhn Berhane¹*, Fassil Kebede², Ibrahim Fitiwy³ and Zenebe Abreha⁴

¹Shire Soil Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 492, Mekelle, Ethiopia.

²Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection Department, Mekelle University, P. O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia.

³Dryland Crop and Horticultural Sciences Department, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia.

⁴Natural Resource Economics Management Department, Mekelle University, P. O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia.

Accepted 16 July, 2019

Abstract 

A field experiment was conducted to examine tef yield, yield attributes, infiltration rate and macro invertebrates under rain fed conditions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the comparative productivity and profitability of organic and conventional tef production and as such, 50 composite soil samples were collected for soil analysis in the laboratory. A total of 50 plots were selected (25 plots each for organic and conventional farm). In addition, 50 respondents were identified through stratified sampling of organic and conventional farming users and interview schedule was developed and used. The interview was done using semi-structured questionnaire to capture data pertaining to costs, revenue, demographic aspects and agronomic practices in each farming. The results from the field experiment of organic tef farming showed significantly higher plant height (87.64 cm), biomass yield (5.12 ton/ha), organic matter content (1.6%), infiltration rate and richness and diversity of soil macro invertebrates. Organic tef production was profitable than conventional tef production with financial internal rate of return (110%). It was also found that 100% of both respondents said that organic and conventional tef have no grain storage problem and they experience also similar disease or insect pest occurrence. Therefore, Organic farming has a profound vitality from the strategic importance of agro-ecological and environmental health point of view and sustainable crop production system; the farming community should use organic fertilizers in place of mineral fertilizer to increase tef productivity and profitability.

Key words: Organic farming, conventional farming, productivity, profitability, tef, Eragrostis tef.