Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2756-326X Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Extraction of Calcium and Iron Phosphate and the In Vitro Generation of Indoleacetic Acid by Endophytic Strains of Hyptis marrubioides Epling (Lamiaceae)

Luciana Cristina Vitorino*1, Fabiano Guimarães Silva1, Marcos Antônio Soares2, Edson Luiz Souchie1, Alan Carlos Costa1 and William Cardoso Lima2

¹Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Rio Verde
²Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT)

Accepted 16 October, 2024

Abstract

Plant growth and development are associated with access to minerals and phytohormones. Some microorganisms solubilize phosphate, producing phytohormones with functional features of plant growth promoters. The capacity of endophytic isolates from the root of Hyptis marrubioides Epling, a Lamiaceae, to solubilize calcium phosphate in GELP medium and iron phosphate in modified Reyes basal medium was characterized. Theability of these isolates to synthesize indoleacetic acid (IAA) in DYGS medium supplemented with tryptophan was also determined. Of the 42 bacterial and six fungal strains analyzed by solubilization assays, 20% formed CaHPO4-solubilization zones, although the level of solubilization was low. None of the fungi tested solubilized CaHPO4. In contrast, 59% of the microorganisms solubilized high levels of FePO4, and all of the fungi demonstrated this capacity. Among the bacterial isolates, 52% synthesized IAA, and strainsRF18, RG9, RF13 and RG24 were notable for their significant production of this phytohormone under test conditions (95.13, 39.28, 16.21 and 11.96 µg·mL-1, respectively). From a biotechnological perspective, the RG9, RG24 and RF18 strains are significant for their solubilization of high levels of FePO4 and abundant IAA production.

Keywords: Solubilization halos, Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, Indoleacetic acid, Plant growth promoters.
 

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2756-326X Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Exploring Cryopreservation Methods for Strychnos pseudoquina A. St. Hil Seeds

Vanisse de Fátima Silva¹, Juliana de Fátima Sales², Fabiano Guimarães Silva², Rafael Cândido Campos³, Adriene de Cássia Branquinho³ e Vânia Aparecida Silva⁴

¹Bolsista DCR CNPq-FAPEG. Laboratório de Sementes – Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano
– Campus Rio Verde. CEP 75900-000. Rio Verde, GO
²Professor do IFGoiano – Campus Rio Verde. [email protected]
³Bolsista de IC do CNPq
⁴Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Unidade Regional Epamig Sul de Minas. Caixa Postal 176, CEP

37200-000, Lavras- MG- Brasil

Accepted 16 January, 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of storage in liquid nitrogen at -196°C on Strychnos pseudoquina A. St. Hil. seeds with moisture contents of either 6 or 7%wb subjected to quick thawing (in a water bath at 37°C for 10 minutes) and slow thawing (at room temperature (26°C±2°C) for 2 hours) and then stored for 2, 4, and 6 months. The germination percentage in cryopreserved quina seeds decreased by approximately 12.4% compared to non-cryopreserved seeds (95 to 83.22%), regardless of the moisture content. In cryopreserved seeds with 7% moisture content, the germination percentage of seeds thawed quickly versus slowly differed only for those seeds stored for 2 months; the seeds subjected to fast thawing showed lower germination percentages than those subjected to slow thawing. Quina seed cryopreservation may be viable for seed conservation as germination remained above 80% in all samples.

Keywords: Storage, Germination, Viability.
 

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2756-326X Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluating Performance and Production Features in Three Bombyx mori Strains Fed a Range of Mulberry Varieties

*R.F Ogunleye and O. Johnson

Department of Zoology, Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti, Nigeria

Accepted 02 October, 2024

Abstract

In this study, Three strains of domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori (L) namely EC1, EJ1 and EJ2 were evaluated for performance in terms of growth and productivity by feeding them with the same variety (S36) of mulberry leaves. Growth performance was based on the length, width and weight of all the developmental stages from the third instar to adult stages. Productivity was based on cocoon weight, shell weight, filament weight and length. Statistical analysis by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% confidence interval was then used to determine if there were significant differences among the strains. The EJ2 strain showed a higher and consistent growth rates than the other strains for all the developmental stages of the insects. The EC1 strain which was significantly shorter in length and lower in weight than the other strains gave better silk filament for the parameters evaluated.

Keywords: Silkworm strains, performance, productivity, S-36 mulberry.
 

Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management ISSN 2756-3278 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-012, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Reproductive Biology and Growth Patterns of Tilapia zillii in Lake Timsah, Egypt: Insights for Sustainable Management 

Waheed Farg-Alla Mahomoud¹, Amal Mohamed Mahmoud Amin², Kamal Fathey Elboray¹ Amal Mohamed Ramadan and Magdy Mostafa Kamal Osman EL-Halfawy¹*

¹Fish Reproduction and Induced spawning Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and
Fisheries, Suez, Egypt.
²Stock Assessment Laboratory, Fisheries Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt.

Accepted 2 December, 2024

Abstract

In the present investigation, some biological aspects of Tilapia zillii from Lake Timsah were studied. This was carried out on 700 fish samples collected during the period from October, 2002 to September, 2003. Total length of females ranged from 7 to 16 cm and males from 8 to 21cm. Age determination based on length frequency distributions showed that the life span are two and four years for females and males, respectively. Estimates of growth parameters are widely used for detailed assessment and modeling of fish species and fisheries. The length-weight relationship, age at length zero (to), growth coefficient (K), asymptotic length (L∞) and rates of natural (M) and total mortality (Z) were estimated for T. zillii from Lake Timsah. Length-weight relationships were calculated from individual fish length and weight records collected from sampling using gill nets. Analyses were obtained by sampling direct from the fisher’s catches. Data were analyzed using the FISAT software. T. zillii, the estimate of K was 0.320 and 0.680 year-1 for males and females, respectively, whilst L∞ was approximately 22.05 and 17.85 cm, for males and females, respectively. T. zillii (males) had the lowest value of K and the largest L∞ than females. Natural mortality was the lowest for T. zillii (females) (M=0.464 and 0.38 year-1) and fishing mortality was highest for T. zillii (males) (F=2.656, 1.88 year-1). In addition, exploitation rate was estimated at E=0.83 and length at first capture (Lc) was calculated at 11.30 cm for males while E=0.78 and (Lc) was estimated as 6.68 cm for females. The majority of fish caught of the main commercial species in the Lake Timsah fishery were from the first age group, at a size far below the optimal length at capture. This suggests growth overfishing for T. zillii in Lake Timsah.

Key words: Lake Timsah, Tilapia zillii, age and growth, mortality, gonadosomatic index, length at first maturity, population structure.
 

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2756-326X Vol. 11 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genomic Sequence Analysis and Overexpression of the RPL15 Gene in the Giant Panda

Bing Sun, Yiling Hou, Wanru Hou*, Xiulan Su, Jun Li, Guangfu Wu and Yan Song

Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, 1# Shida Road, 637009, Nanchong, P. R. China.

Accepted 5 October, 2024

Abstract

RPL15 is a component of the 60S large ribosomal subunit encoded by RPL15 gene and belongs to the L15e family of ribosomal proteins, which is located in the cytoplasm. The cDNA and genomic sequence of RPL15 was cloned successfully from the giant panda using RT-PCR and Touchdown-PCR technology, respectively. These two sequences were analyzed preliminarily and the cDNA of the RPL15 gene was also over expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The length of fragment cloned is 669 bp, containing an open-reading frame (ORF) of 615 bp encoding 204 amino acids. The length of the genomic sequence is 1,835 bp, with three exons and two introns. Primary structure analysis revealed that, the molecular weight of the putative RPL15 protein is 24.142 kDa with a theoretical pI 12.11. Topology prediction shows that there are two cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites, four N-myristoylation site, two Protein kinase C phosphorylation site, two Casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, two Amidation site and one Ribosomal protein L15e signature in the RPL15 protein of the giant panda. Alignment analysis indicates that, the nucleotide sequence of the coding sequence shows a high homology to other known RPL15 sequences of Homo sapiens, Bos taurus, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Canis familiaris and Danio rerio; as determined by Blast analysis, 94.31, 89.92, 91.54, 91.22, 96.59 and 79.02%, respectively. The homologies for deduced amino acid sequence are all 100% compared with the first five animals and share a high homology with that of D. rerio by 95.59%. The cDNA of RPL15 was cloned successfully from the giant panda in this study. It provides scientific material for enriching and improving the RPL15 gene database. The RPL15 gene can be really expressed in E. coli and the RPL15 protein fusioned with the N-terminally His-tagged protein gave rise to the accumulation of an expected 30 KDa polypeptide, in good agreement with the predicted molecular weight. The expression product obtained could be used for purification and study of its function further.

Key words: Giant panda, RT-PCR, RPL15, genomic sequences, cloning, over-express.

Advances in Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2756-326X Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

 Full Length Research Paper

Exploring the sources and levels of metal contamination in commonly consumed vegetables: An in-depth investigation

Hilma Rantilla Amwele¹, Lebogang Motsei², Gideon Kalumbu³, Nnenesi Kgabi³*, Raymond Limen Njinga⁴, and Victor Makondelele Tshivhase⁴

¹Department of Agriculture, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia.
²Department of Animal Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa.
³Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia.

⁴Centre for Applied Radiation Science and Technology, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa.

Accepted 09 October, 2023

Abstract

This study assesses the health risk of metals concentration in spinach and onions obtained from different suppliers (suppliers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) in Mafikeng, South Africa. The following elemental concentrations of As, Ba, Bi, Cu, Cr, Co, I, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Th, Rb, V and U were tested in spinach and onions using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The result shows that Bi, I, Th, Pb and U were not detected in all t h e samples of spinach and onions. In spinach, the degree of decreasing abundance is as follows: Mn > Cr > Sr > V > Rb > As > Ba > Cu > Ni > Co, while in onions it is Sr > Mn > V > As > Cr > Cu > Ba > Rb > Ni > Co. The estimated daily intake of metal (DIM) for As and Cr in spinach from suppliers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were higher above the limit values of 0.020 and 0.033 mg/kg recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/World Health Organization (WHO), while, Ba, Cu, Co, Mn, Sr and V were below the limit values. The estimated DIM for As in onions was higher than 0.020 mg/kg recommended by FAO/WHO, while the intake for Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Sr and V were below 0.033, 2-3, 2-5, 01 and 10 mg/kg recommendations by FAO/WHO, respectively. The target hazard quotient (THQ) value in spinach obtained from suppliers 1, 2, 3 and 4 were less than 1, while, the THQ value for Cr is 2.19 greater than 1 in spinach obtained from supplier 5. The THQ value was less than 1 in onions obtained from a l l t h e suppliers. Spinach were not suitable for human consumption due to estimated DIM for As and Cr that were higher than the recommendation of FAO/ WHO and THQ value of Cr that was greater than 1.

Key words: Spinach, onion, metal, estimated daily intake of metal, target hazard quotient.