African Journal of Estate and Property Management

Key words: Debt, insolvency, SMEs.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 9671-8498 Vol. 2 (11), pp. 001-013, November, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Relationship between work-family conflict and job satisfaction: The moderating effect of gender and the salience of family and work roles

Antonia Calvo-Salguero¹*, Ana Ma Carrasco-González² and José María Salinas-Martínez de Lecea

¹Department of Social Psychology and Methodology of Behavior Sciences, University of Granada, Campus-de-Cartuja, s/n. 18071, Granada, Spain.

²Department of Clinic, Experimental and Social Psychology, University of Huelva, Campus-El-Carmen, Avda, Fuerzas Armadas, s/n. 21071, Huelva, Spain.

Accepted 19 June, 2015

Abstract

Work-family conflict has become an issue of particular concern to today’s businesses. Its prevalence among employees and the negative consequences of this conflict for one’s job satisfaction has led it to become one of the problems that managers and directors have to deal with most. Although there have been researches into the relationship between work-family conflict and job satisfaction, few studies have analysed the role of gender in this relationship. The objectives of this study are to analyse the moderating role of gender and of the salience of family and work roles in the work-to-family conflict and general job satisfaction, while the job’s characteristics are controlled. 162 workers from a Spanish public organisation took part in the study. The results from the regression analysis confirms the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between work-to-family conflict and job satisfaction, such that women show a lower level of job satisfaction than men. However, the salience of the family and work roles were not found to have a moderating effect on the aforementioned relationship, neither in the case of men nor in women. The results are discussed in the context of the theory of role identity salience and the gender role theory, as well as the possible cultural effects.

Key words: Work-family conflict, job satisfaction, gender, salience of family role, salience of work role, Spain.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 9671-8498 Vol. 2 (10), pp. 001-007, October, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Influence of workers’ training programmes on conflict reduction in industrial organizations in Nigeria

Oluseyi A. Shadare

Department of Industrial Relations and Personnel Management, Faculty of Business Administration University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 21 April, 2015

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of workers’ training programmes on conflict reduction among industrial workers in Nigeria. This is for the purpose of ascertaining the relevance of workers’ training programmes, as an alternative approach to human capital formation and conflict reduction among industrial workers in Nigeria. A total of 416 respondents were selected for the study using stratified sampling technique to reflect the two strata of public and private organizations. Two sets of questionnaires, with five subscales, titled ‘workers training programmes scale (WTPS) and conflict reduction scale (CRS)’ were used for data collection. All the hypothesized research questions were tested using Regression Analysis and t-test statistical methods at 0.05 alpha levels. The findings revealed that workers’ training programmes (taken together) had significantly influenced conflict reduction among industrial workers. It was also found that only three independent variables (computer skill training, labour relations skill training and interpersonal treatment skill training) have significantly influenced conflict reduction. However, it was found that management skill, conflict skill and communication skill training programmes were not as significant in influencing conflict reduction in work organization. Also, there was no significant difference in the level of both female and male workers’ participation in workers’ training programmes in both public and private organizations selected for the study. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that workers’ training programmes should be given priority by all establishments in order to forestall industrial peace for all levels of workers. Also, training needs of the organization as well as that of workers must be identified before making recommendations for training. This will possibly foster specialization and encourage technical-driven training in work organizations.

Key words: Nigeria, workers, training programmes, conflict reduction, organizations.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 9671-8498 Vol. 2 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Motivational factors influencing adoption of motor cycle business in Igala land of Kogi State

Elijah E. Ogbadu and Ja’afaru Sule Garba*

Department of Business Administration, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria.

Accepted 22 April, 2015

Abstract

Each person is a unique individual and individuals differ in their basic motivational drive hence what is true of a particular individual may not necessarily be true with other individuals. Using motorcycle for commercial purpose has become a topical issue. It has largely been criticized by educators, scholars, friends and relations of the rider, and the society at large as being obscure, unnecessary, inglorious, risky and ignominious. The objective of this paper is to outline the benefits and the motivational factors influencing motorcyclists. Stratified random sampling was used in the survey conducted. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between motivational factors and usage of motorcycle for commercial purpose as revealed by chi-square analysis. Consequently, it is the conclusion of the research that commercial motorcyclist motivated by quick returns, daily returns, daily returns, the ease to acquire and to start the business, mobility for personal usage and poverty reduction. It has been suggested that government should establish laws to strengthen the business and protect the society from it menace.

Key words: Motor cycle, motivational factors, chi-square analysis.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 9671-8498 Vol. 2 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Cause related marketing campaigns and consumer purchase intentions: The mediating role of brand awareness and corporate image

Shahbaz Shabbir¹*, Hans Ruediger Kaufmann², Israr Ahmad³ and Imran M. Qureshi³

¹COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.

²University of Nicosia, Cyprus.

³International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Accepted 13 June, 2015

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to investigate the kind of relationship between Cause Related Marketing (CRM) campaigns, brand awareness and corporate image as possible antecedents of consumer purchase intentions in the less developed country of Pakistan. An initial conceptualization was developed from mainstream literature to be validated through empirical research. The conceptualization was then tested with primary quantitative survey data collected from 203 students studying in different universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Correlation and regression analysis were used to test the key hypothesis derived from literature positing brand awareness and corporate image as mediating the relationship between CRM and consumer purchase intentions. The findings indicate that consumer purchase intentions are influenced by the cause related marketing campaigns. Furthermore it was observed that the brand awareness and corporate image partially mediate the impact of CRM campaigns on consumer purchase intentions. The data was gathered from universities situated in Rawalpindi and Islamabad only. Hence, future research could extend these findings to other cities in Pakistan to test their generalizability. Further research can be carried out through data collection from those people who actually participated in cause related marketing campaigns to identify the original behavior of customers instead of their purchase intentions. This research and the claims made are limited to the FMCG industry. The key implications cause related marketing of these findings for marketing managers lend support for the use of campaigns in Pakistan. The findings also suggest some measures which can be taken in to consideration in order to enhance brand awareness and to improve corporate image as both variables mediate the impact of CRM campaigns on consumer purchase intentions. The study contributes to cause related marketing literature by indicating a mediating role of brand awareness and corporate image on CRM campaigns and consumer purchase intentions. This mediating role was ignored in previous studies. Moreover, it contributes to close the gap of empirical research in this field, which exists particularly due to the diverse attitude of customers in less developed countries such as Pakistan.

Key words: Cause related marketing, brand awareness, corporate image, purchase intentions, Pakistan.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 9671-8498 Vol. 2 (7), pp. 001-014, July, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A cross-cultural study on consumers’ level of acceptance toward marketing innovativeness

Yi Hsu¹, Liwei Hsu²* and Chung-Wen Yeh³

¹Graduate Institute of Business and Management, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan.

²Department of Applied English, National Kaohsiung Hospitality College, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

³Graduate Institute of Business and Management, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan.

Accepted 10 May, 2015

Abstract

This research applied Hofstede’s five culture dimensions to examine the cross-cultural consumer differences in acceptance of marketing innovativeness. The participants of this study are consumers from various countries; namely, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Macao, Vietnam, Indonesia, Myanmar, and Taiwan. This research was conducted to provide evidence on the relationship between national cultures and consumer’s level of acceptance toward innovative marketing through 446 valid questionnaires. The results of logarithmic regression indicated that consumers from different national cultures varied in their marketing innovativeness. Consumers from the higher power distance and uncertainty avoidance cultures were weaker than lower ones on acceptance of innovative marketing. Marketing innovativeness was stronger in higher individualism, masculinity and long- term orientation than lower ones. Furthermore, this research employs neural network to demonstrate the relationship between national cultures and marketing innovativeness. The managerial implication of this study suggested several strategies that may be helpful to marketers aiming at different cultures. Further research could examine other countries and do a cross-culture investigation on consumer or other pertinent issues.

Key words: National culture, marketing innovativeness, innovativeness.