African Journal of Estate and Property Management

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN: 2756-3308 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-010, September, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of landlord and tenant relationship on property values in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

Adamu, Garba¹ Ogu, Ukamaka Joy²

Nigerian Army College of Environmental Science and Technology (NACEST), Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

Accepted 02 September, 2021 

Abstract

This study evaluated the Effect of Landlord and Tenant Relationship on Property Values in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. A sample of 158 respondents was used and information was obtained by the use of a structured questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple regression analysis while the hypotheses of the study was tested using the probability value of the regression estimate. The result of the study indicates that rent default (RTD) and tenant eviction (TEV) both have negative effects on property values (PPV) in Makurdi Metropolis Benue State, Nigeria and the effects are statistically significant (p<0.05) and in line with a priori expectation. However, property damage has a positive effect on property values (PPV) in Makurdi Metropolis Benue State and the effect is not statistically significant (p>0.05) and not in line with a priori expectation. It was concluded that maintaining healthy landlord-tenant relationship in a residential property is a pre-requisite for societal advancement and growth. It was recommended among others that eviction can be avoided if communication is improved between the tenant and the landlord on any area of conflicts identified by both parties to the lease.

Keywords: Landlord, Tenant, Default, Property, Eviction, Benue, Nigeria 

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 2756-3308 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-008, September, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Study on corollary of seismic base isolation system on buildings with soft storey

A. B. M. Saiful Islam¹*, Mohammed Jameel¹, Syed Ishtiaq Ahmad² and Mohd Zamin Jumaat¹

¹Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

²Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Accepted 08 April, 2021

Abstract

Soft storey buildings are characterized by having a storey which has a lot of open spaces. This soft storey creates a major weak point in an earthquake. Since soft stories are classically associated with retail spaces and parking garages, they are often on the lower stories of a building, which means that when they collapse, they can take the whole building down with them, causing serious structural damage which may render the structure totally unusable. In this study, efforts have been given to examine the effect of incorporation of isolator on the seismic behavior of buildings subjected to the appropriate earthquake for medium risk seismicity region. It duly ensures incorporating isolator with all relevant properties as per respective isolators along with its time period and damping ratio. Effort has also been made here to build up a relationship for increasing storey height and the changes for incorporating isolator with same time period and damping ratio for both lead rubber bearing (LRB) and high damping rubber bearing (HDRB). Dynamic analyses have been carried out using response spectrum and time history analysis. Behavioral changes of structural parameters are investigated. The study reveals that the values of structural parameters reduce a large amount while using isolator. However, LRB is found beneficial than HDRB. The structure experiences huge storey drift at the soft storey level that may be severe and cause immature failure. The amount of masonry infill is very vital for soft storey buildings as its decrement increases reasonable displacements.

Key words: Soft storey, masonry infill, inertia force, floor acceleration, base shear, base moment, storey drift, failure prediction, base isolation, rubber bearing.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 2756-3308 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-007, September, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Linkage learning based on differences in local optimums of building blocks with one optima

Hamid Parvin¹, Hoda Helmi¹, Behrouz Minaei¹, Hamid Alinejad Rokny²  and Hossein Shirgahi³*

¹School of Computer Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran.

²Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

³Young Researchers Club, Jouybar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jouybar, Iran.

Accepted 07 June, 2021

Abstract

Genetic algorithms (GA) are categorized as search heuristics and have been broadly applied to optimization problems. These algorithms have been used for solving problems in many applications. Nevertheless, it has been shown that simple GA is not able to effectively solve complex real world problems. For proper solving of such problems, knowing the relationships between decision variables which is referred to as linkage learning is necessary. In this paper, a linkage learning approach is proposed that utilizes the special features of decomposable problems to solve them. The proposed approach is called Local optimums based linkage learner (LOLL). The LOLL algorithm is capable of identifying the groups of variables which are related to each other (known as linkage groups), not minding if these groups are overlapped or different in size. The proposed algorithm, unlike other linkage learning techniques, is not done along with optimization algorithm, but it is done in a whole separated phase from optimization search. After finding linkage group information by LOLL, the optimization search can use this information to solve the problem. LOLL is tested on some benchmarked decomposable functions. The results show that the algorithm is an efficient alternative to other linkage learning techniques.

Key words: Linkage learning, optimization problems, decomposable functions.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 2756-3308 Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Utilization of demolished concrete, grog, hydrated lime and cement kiln dust in building materials

H. M. Khater

Housing and Building National Research Centre (HBNRC), 87 El-Tahreer St., Dokki, Giza, P. O. Box 1770, Cairo, Egypt. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 0020237618125-0020111686524.

Accepted 17 May, 2021

Abstract

It is desirable to completely recycle concrete waste in order to protect natural resources and reduce environment pollution. In this paper, the studied reference mix composed of demolished waste concrete/grog/hydrated lime in the ratio of (40/50/10, wt. %), while other mixes has cement kiln dust as a partial replacement of hydrated lime in the ratio from zero up to complete replacement. Both grog and burned cement kiln dust were obtained from firing clay materials as well as by-pass cement kiln dust at 850°C for 1 h with a heating rate of 5°C/min. Results of this study possess a method for recycling of demolished wastes in brick making as fine materials not in the traditional method that used it as aggregate. Waste concrete, grog, hydrated lime and by-pass cement dust can be used instead of the cement constituent of mortar and hydrated building brick making.

Key words: Demolished concrete, cement kiln dust, grog.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 2756-3308 Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-010, August, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Urbanization of arable land in Lahore City in Pakistan: A case-study

Khaliq-Uz-Zaman¹* and Arif Anwar Baloch²

¹Research Economist, Punjab Economic Research Institute, 48-Civic Centre, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan.

²Chief Economist, Planning and Development Department Punjab, Pakistan.

Accepted 09 July, 2021

Abstract

This study is intended to explore the extent of converting arable land for urban use and the pace of construction activities on the residential housing schemes. In most of the schemes, more than half of the plots are inbuilt because by-laws are very flexible and owners of vacant plots have no fear of cancellation and they consider this investment a better safeguard against inflation. Moreover, speculators invested their money in the plots because no cost / taxes are involved in the keeping of vacant plots. By implementing strict by-laws and imposing capital gains tax on vacant land and converting the collected taxes from the schemes to create revolving funds for house building for really needy, low-middle income groups, the extent of conversion arable land into housing schemes can be reduced

Key words: Speculators, pace, conversion, vacant plots, density, land policy.

African Journal of Estate and Property Management ISSN 2756-3308 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-012, July, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A study of the effects of slab gaps in buildings on seismic response according to three different codes

Turgut Öztürk

Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering Division, 34469, Maslak, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]/Fax: (+90212) 285 38 42, 0.532.431 38 42.

Accepted 15 January, 2021

Abstract

In the Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC) for buildings built in earthquake zones, it is stated that slab gaps greater than 1/3 of the gross area of the storey should be avoided, and that otherwise there will be A2 type irregularity on the plan due to slab irregularities and that the slabs should be taken to be not functioning as rigid diaphragms. In such buildings in 1st and 2nd degree earthquake zones, it is asked to be shown that the slabs of the storey can safely transfer the earthquake forces in their plane to the vertical structural elements. There are similar points in the codes of other countries as well. In this study, the responses of reinforced concrete buildings under earthquake loads were investigated. The earthquake codes of several other countries were analyzed along with TEC and the conditions that it brings for structural irregularities and slab discontinuities were mentioned. In the building models formed for different positions and ratios of the gaps, the results of the analysis made by keeping in mind the effects of the number of storey, beam continuity, earthquake zone, soil type and rigid diaphragm work on the structural system have been given as graphs.

Key words: Reinforced concrete building, slab gap, irregularity, earthquake codes.