ISSN 2375-1266
Research Article
African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 6 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Substitution of municipal solid waste compost for peat in cucumber transplant production
Yaqvob Mami* and Gholamali Peyvast
Guilan University, Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Accepted 09 February, 2019
Abstract
Municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) is used in agriculture as a fertilizer, organic soil additive and crop substrate. MSWC was examined as an alternative for peat in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., cv. Radian) transplant production. An experiment was conducted in 2008 at the University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran with the treatments 100% peat+0% MSWC (control); 95% peat+5% MSWC, 90% peat+10% MSWC, 85% peat+15% MSWC and 80% peat+20% MSWC. Seedlings grown in the only peat and peat+MSWC (5%) mixture had better quality and suitability for transplanting. There were differences due to substrate with a general reduction in values as MSWC rate increased. Use of MSWC is not recommended at levels above 5% in cucumber transplant production.
Key words: Growing medium, nutrient, porosity, seedling.
Yaqvob Mami*, Gholamali Peyvast
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 6 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Biosorption of Cd (II) and As (III) ions from aqueous solution by tea waste biomass
Suantak Kamsonlian1*, Chandrajit Balomajumder1, Shri Chand1 and S. Suresh2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee – 247667, India.
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal – 462051, India.
Accepted 17 March, 2019
Abstract
Biosorption of Cadmium (Cd (II)) and Arsenic (As (III)) ions from wastewater by tea waste biomass was examined in a batch experimental setup. The effects of pH and temperature on the biosorption were studied in this work. The optimum pH for the maximum efficiency of biosorption of Cd (II) and As (III) were found to be 5.5 and 7.5, respectively. The adsorption process was endothermic in nature and spontaneous. About 95 and 84.5% removal of Cd (II) and As (III) ions was obtained at 200 mg/l of adsorbate and 6 g/l and 7 g/l of adsorbent dosage, respectively. The present study showed that tea waste biomass can serve as a good and cheap substitute for conventional carbon- based adsorbents.
Key words: Tea waste biomass, Cd (II), As (III), biosorption.
Suantak Kamsonlian*, Shri Chand and S. Suresh, Chandrajit Balomajumder
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 6 (7), pp. 001-009, July, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
An evaluation of waste control measures in construction industry in Nigeria
A. B. Wahab1* and A. F Lawal2
1Department of Building, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
2Department of Building and Quantity Surveying, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria.
Accepted 14 February, 2019
Abstract
Improper control of materials during different stages of construction has caused waste and associated environmental problems. Hence, this research assesses the forms, causes and factors incidental to waste and measures to effectively control construction waste. It is shown that among the factors incidental to waste, last minute client requirement was ranked highest as the factor that leads to design variation with relative importance index value of 3.97; cost of construction materials was ranked highest as a factor that affects selection of construction materials with relative importance index value of 4.05, and construction cost was ranked highest as the factor that leads to construction method with relative importance index value of 3.86. The research also showed that most of the firms do not calculate waste indices which could assist them to determine the amount of waste that could be generated on sites. Sorting exercise that could help firms to identify economy advantage associated with the waste streams is not adequately carried out. It was also discovered that most firms do not incorporate “waste management plan” into the collection of documents that are required of contracting firms during tendering process. To control waste, designers should be able to co-ordinate dimensions between materials specified during design and those procured for use at sites. There is need to allow proper control in the handling, storage and use of materials on site. Also, “waste management plan” should be incorporated as one of the documents dearly expected to be submitted by contracting firms during tendering process.
Key words: Construction processes, waste, factors, effects, control measures.
A. B. Wahab*, A. F Lawal
Page: 1 - 9
Research Article
African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 6 (7), pp. 001-007, July, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
From dependency to Interdependencies: The emergence of a socially rooted but commercial waste sector in Kampala City, Uganda
Buyana Kareem1* and Shuaib Lwasa2
1Department of Socio-Economic Sciences, Cavendish University, Uganda.
2Department of Geography, Makerere University, Uganda.
Accepted 10 April, 209
Abstract
Urban waste has traditionally remained for municipal councils to manage in several sub-Saharan cities such as Kampala. However, due to noticeable inefficiencies at municipal level, there is a manifest of low-income groups that take the initiative to extract and add value to materials from the waste stream, although higher-income groups are engaged in similar activities. This signifies the gradual shift from dependency on municipal councils to neighborhood interdependencies in the management of urban waste. To gain an in-depth understanding of this shift, we conducted purposive observations and twelve (12) focused-group interviews amongst selected respondents, in the neighborhood of Kasubi-Kawaala, Makerere II and Bwaise III parishes, located in the north western part of Kampala. The key finding was that waste-user roles, preferences, and the preceding generation and extraction processes are socially rooted in neighborhood cultural-orientations, and the underlying social mobility and commercial drivers. From the study, three (3) types of low-income commercial waste vendors were identified including, regular waste vendors, wholesale waste dealers, and home to home waste dealers. Unfortunately, these low-income waste vendors still have the least opportunity to negotiate with municipal authorities on scaling-up their commercial activities for a greater social impact.
Key words: Wastes, social rootedness, neighborhoods, commercial waste, Kampala City.
Shuaib Lwasa, Buyana Kareem*
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 6 (6), pp. 001-012, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Challenges faced by government and the private sector in the collection and disposal of solid waste in Kampala City, Uganda
Mugweri Fredrick1 and Joseph C. Oonyu2
1School of Education, Makerere University.
2Department of Science, Technical and Vocational Education, Makerere University.
Accepted 29 July, 2018
Abstract
This study examined the challenges faced by Government (Kampala City Capital Authority) and the Private sector in solid waste management in Kampala city. A cross sectional survey research design was used because of the heterogeneous nature of the study population. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. Participants in the study were selected using proportionate stratified sampling technique. The sample comprised of 870 respondents who included community members, waste pickers, waste managers, waste collectors, truck drivers, truck workers and health inspectors were sampled from each of the five divisions of the City. The study established that the main challenge was inadequate levels of public education on the management of wastes which is impacting adversely on levels of awareness, knowledge and waste management practices. Other challenges include inadequate funding, the poor roads, inaccessibility of some parts of the City due to urban sprawl, and the weak regulatory framework on solid waste management.
Keywords: Waste management, public education, waste regulatory framework, logistical resources, private sector, awareness.
Mugweri Fredrick, Joseph C. Oonyu
Page: 1 - 12
Review
African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 6 (6), pp. 001-006, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Livestock waste-menace: Fish wealth-solution
A. A. Adewumi1*, I. K. Adewumi2 and V. F. Olaleye3
1Department of Pure Sciences, The University of Education, Ikere-Ekiti Ekiti State, Nigeria.
2Department of Applied Pure Sciences, The University of Education, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
3Department of Civil Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 23 April, 2019
Abstract
A review of the use of livestock wastes for sustainable fish wealth creation was done, using information from literature and data from field observation and experimentation. Livestock wastes including animal manure and poultry by-products, which are a menace to the environment, are sources of wealth creation in fish farming. In Nigeria, about 932.5 metric tonnes of manure is produced annually from the well established livestock industries which keep expanding at the rate of 8% year-1. Nigeria is the largest importer of frozen fish in the world with a fish demand of between 106,200 - 128,052 metric tonnes year-1. This situation calls for increased fish production which can be achieved through the effective utilization of livestock wastes. Properly treated animal manure can serve as organic fertilizer/feed component. Consequently, there is enhanced fish farming profitability, efficient resources utilization and conservation of environment due to waste management.
Key words: Wastes, manure, fish, plankton, livestock, fertilizer, feed.
A. A. Adewumi*, I. K. Adewumi and V. F. Olaleye
Page: 1 - 6