African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management

African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 9 (6), pp. 001-006, June, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Screening of Chinese brassica species for anti-cancer sulforaphane and erucin

Yuru You¹, Yuanfeng Wu^1*, Jianwei Mao¹, Ligen Zou² and Shiwang Liu¹

¹School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.

²Institute of Farming Products Processing, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hanzhou 310024, China.

Accepted 15 December, 2021

Abstract

Natural sulforaphane and erucin have been of increasing interest for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries due to their anti-cancer effect. The sulforaphane and/or erucin contents in seeds of 43 different Chinese BRASSICA OLERACEA L. varieties were analyzed by HPLC and GC-MS. Among them, 21 cultivars seed meal (in 5 species, including Chinese kale, cabbage, kohlrabi, kale and broccoli) yielded sulforaphane and/or erucin. The results indicated that erucin was found mainly in cabbage and kohlrabi, and sulforaphane was found mainly in broccoli. The highest content of sulforaphane (1575.5 mg/kg) and erucin (2528.1 mg/kg) were found in Green Dragon I (broccoli) and Dongchunbao (cabbage), respectively. Crude sulforaphane and erucin were extracted in gram-scale; 1.266 g sulforaphane (purity: 78.2%) and 0.972 g erucin (purity: 65.6%) were obtained.

Key words: Sulforaphane, erucin, brassica seed, diet supplement.

African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 9 (5), pp. 001-009, May, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Assessment of heavy metals bioavailability in dumpsites of Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria

S. Uba¹^*, A. Uzairu², G. F. S. Harrison², M. L. Balarabe³ and O. J. Okunola²

¹Department of Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

²Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

³Department of Biological Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Accepted 18 December, 2021

Abstract

The objectives of this study was to investigate the chemical fractionation, mobility and bioavailability of Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in refuse waste soils of some dumpsites in Zaria metropolis. The heavy metals in the waste soils samples were sequentially extracted and measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean of total extractable metals in the samples analysed for Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn ranged from 25.86 – 95.71, 1.70 – 446.43, 141.92 – 423.22, 39.9 – 739.10, and 122.45 – 511.57 mgKg^-1 dry weight, respectively. Cd and Pb were mostly found to be in the mobile phase of the samples indicating that the metals are potentially more bioavailable to the environment than the other metals studied. Overall, the order of mobility and bioavailability of the metals is Cd > Pb > Zn > Mn > Cu.

Key words: Heavy metals, Zaria metropolis, dumpsites, bioavailability.

African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 9 (4), pp. 001-003, April, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Antibacterial activity study of a mucoadhesive suspension containing ciprofloxacin

Subhashree Sahoo¹*, Chandra Kanti Chakraborti¹ and Subash Chandra Mishra²

¹Kanak Manjari Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chhend, Rourkela-769015 Orissa, India.

²Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela- 769008, Orissa, India.

Accepted 21 November, 2021

Abstract

Considering various effects of mucoadhesive suspension containing Ciprofloxacin, it was found that newly designed mucoadhesive formulation was better than its conventional immediate release preparation. Due to that their in vitro antibacterial activity was also studied and compared. It was found that the newly designed mucoadhesive formulation showed much larger zones of inhibition against all the strains used in the study than the conventional immediate release preparation. In addition, this novel formulation and even the standard discs of Ciprofloxacin produced more or less similar zones of inhibition. However, the conventional immediate release preparation was much inferior to the standard discs as far as the zones of inhibition were concerned.

Key words: Ciprofloxacin, mucoadhesive formulation, conventional immediate release preparation, antibacterial activity.

African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-006, July, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Antagonistic activity of marine bacteria Pseudoalteromonas tunicata against microbial pathogens

Sivasubramanian K¹*, Ravichandran S¹ and Vijayapriya M²

¹Center of Advance Study in Marine biology, Annamalai University, Parangipetti-608 502, India.

²Department of Microbiology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamilnadu, India.

Accepted 28 March, 2021

Abstract

Marine bacteria have been recognized as an important and untapped resource for novel bioactive compounds. In the present study the antagonistic activity of marine bacteria was investigated. The selected Pseudoalteromonas tunicata showed a very broad range of antagonistic activity against many pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The antagonistic strains were also tested for the production of exo-enzymatic activities, 83% of the selected marine bacterial strains produced proteases except Pseudoalteromonas denitificans and Pseudoalteromonas piscicida. Lipase activity was produced by Pseudoalteromonas aliena, Pseudoalteromonas aurantia, Pseudoalteromonas tunicata and Pseudoalteromonas citrea strains. The P. tunicata strain isolated in the present study seems to have potential antifungal and antimicrobial activity against most of the human bacterial pathogens and phytopathogenic fungi. Thus, the marine bacterial strain P. tunicata was having the potential of producing bioactive compounds.

Key words: Antagonistic activity, marine bacteria, human pathogens, enzymatic activities, bioactive compounds.

African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-004, May, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Potentials of two Trichoderma species as antagonistic agents against Colletotrichum destructivum of cowpea

O. A. Akinbode¹* and T. Ikotun²

¹Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, I.A.R and T, Ibadan, Nigeria.

²Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Accepted 11 November, 2020

Abstract

Antagonistic potentials of two Trichoderma species that is Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma pseudokoningii against the pathogen, Colletotrichum destructivum of cowpea was examined in vitro. Each of the Trichoderma species was paired with the pathogen in 9 cm Petri dishes with Acidified Potato Dextrose Agar (APDA) as the growth medium. Pathogen and antagonists were paired using three methods of pairing. Mycelia radial growth of both the pathogen and the antagonists were taken. The two Trichoderma species significantly inhibited radial growth of the pathogen. Introduction of the antagonists before the pathogen gave the best growth inhibition of C. destructivum. The inhibitory effect of the two Trichoderma species significantly differed from each other at P 0.05. T. pseudokoningii had better inhibition of the mycelia growth of C. destructivum than T. harzianum. T. pseudokoningii and T. harzianum have good antagonistic potentials against C. destructivum.

Key words: Colletotrichum destructivum, Trichoderma pseudokoningii, Trichoderma harzianum, antagonists, inhibition, pathogen.

African Journal of Environmental and Waste Management ISSN 2375-1266 Vol. 8 (4), pp. 001-009, April, 2021. © International Scholars Journals