ISSN 2756-3316
Short Communication
African Journal of Medical Case Reports Vol. 4 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Compartment syndrome
Arcot Rekha
Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, India. Tel: 91-044-22520256. E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 24 November, 2015
Compartment syndrome is a condition that trauma surgeons are familiar with. A high index of suspicion is needed among clinicians for early recognition and timely referral of this limb and life threatening condition.
Abstract
Key words: Compartment syndrome, Fasciotomy, Hyperbaric oxygen.
Arcot Rekha
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Research Article
African Journal of Medical Case Reports Vol. 4 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Febrile convulsion and emotional stress
Gökhan Aydemir and Ercüment Bedir
Aksaz Military Hospital, 48150, Marmaris, Mugla, Turkey.
Accepted 11 November, 2015
Abstract
Acute symptomatic convulsions triggered by the fever without the presence of the central nervous system infections or any electrolyte imbalance in the children aged between six months and six years, not having previously known neurological anomalies are called febrile convulsion (FC) . In this study, the effect of the emotional stress factor on the febrile convulsion was investigated. In the study, 150 patients, newly diagnosed in the outpatients’ clinics of pediatrics at Aksaz Military Hospital and Ahu Hetman Hospital, were followed up and a questionnaire study was carried out with their parents to assess the emotional stress factor. Additionally, in a daycare center located in Marmaris town in Mugla province, 30 children aged between 2 - 5 years were chosen to establish a control group and all the children were observed from September 2006 to May 2009, to understand the effect of the emotional stress factor on FC. The needed consents were received from the authorities; and, it was warranted that the name of the daycare center would never been used in any way. The mean age of the children included in the study was 38 months. The rate of those having sleeping problems was 36%. The percentage of those attending a nursery or daycare center was 41.4%; those hospitalized before for any infection or disorder were in the percentage of 36%; the rate of the slowness of the psychomotor development denoted by the family was 36.7%. It was determined that 40% of the primary relatives of the children in the study had FC history and 36.7% of the children had FC history in the second-degree relatives. It was found that 60.7% (91) of the children had affection (high degree emotional dependency) for their mothers or fathers; that 36% (54) of the children had been away from their mothers or fathers for a long time for work or such reasons; and that 61.3% (92) of the children had a strong emotional nature by the description of their families. FCs occur by getting the genetic and environmental factors together. Among the environmental factors, there are subjective factors such as sleeplessness and emotional stress as well as the admitted factors e.g. age, fever, being preterm, hospitalization in the newborn period, attending a daycare center and tardiness in mental-motor development. FC events in the patients who had no environmental or genetic risk factors showed that the emotional stress was one of the prominent reasons and FC could occur after strong emotional traumas.
Key words: Febrile convulsion, emotional stress.
Ercüment Bedir, Gökhan Aydemir
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Research Article
African Journal of Medical Case Reports Vol. 4 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Comparison between clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic agent and haloperidol, a conventional agent used to treat schizophrenia
Asiya Rehman Atif1, Muhammad Jawed2, Syed Muhammad Shahid3*, Shah Ali Ul Qader3 and Afsheen Aman3
1Department of Pharmacology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi-Pakistan.
2Department of Biochemistry, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi-Pakistan.
3The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi-Pakistan.
Accepted 21 December, 2015
Abstract
An observational and comparative study was conducted to compare the functional outcome between the patients treated with conventional antipsychotic agent haloperidol and atypical antipsychotic agent Clozapine (clozaril) . A total of 32 patients were included in the study with established schizophrenia according to (DSM iv). The data was processed on SSPE 10th version. The primary outcome measure was the improvement of negative symptoms of schizophrenia and secondary outcome measure was to observe the superiority of the atypical drug Clozapine over conventional agent haloperidol regarding side effects. Patients were assessed at baseline, 2nd and 8th week, using four tools of assessment. For treatment group receiving haloperidol mean was 47.2 ± 11.50 at 8th week and for Clozapine treatment group mean was 38.0 ± 15.39. The P values for all the parameters in the Clozapine group were significant as compared to haloperidol.
Key words: Clozapine, haloperidol, schizophrenia, dopamine receptors, antipsychotic agents.
Shah Ali Ul Qader and Afsheen Aman, Syed Muhammad Shahid*, Muhammad Jawed, Asiya Rehman Atif
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Research Article
African Journal of Medical Case Reports Vol. 3 (5), pp. 001-009, May, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Does an acid load promote liver desaturases and increase serum lipids?
Arne Torbjørn Høstmark1*, Marianne Sylvana Haug Lunde1 and Einar Eilertsen2
1Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Norway, Box 1130 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
2National Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Administration, Lab. Animal Unit Box 8149 Dep, N-0033 Oslo, Norway.
Accepted 12 January, 2015
Abstract
Sugar sweetened and acid containing soft drinks may influence the serum lipids. We raised the question whether intake of acid beverages in general might influence serum and liver triglycerides, and hepatic desaturases, which govern triglyceride synthesis. Thirty male rats were divided into 6 groups and given the same food, but various beverages: sucrose-cola, cola light, phosphoric acid, acetic acid or water. Serum triglycerides and HDL, liver triglycerides and the fatty acid distribution in liver lipids were determined. Liver desaturase indexes were calculated; Delta9-desaturase by the palmitoleic to palmitic acid (and oleic to stearic acid) ratios, and Delta5- desaturase by the arachidonic to linoleic acid ratio. Correlation, ANOVA and Mann Whitney tests were used to study associations and differences. After 6 weeks the sugar-cola group had lower food intake, higher fluid intake and urinary acid excretion, higher hepatic desaturase indexes and serum triglycerides, and lower HDL than the other groups. The hepatic desaturase indexes correlated positively with each other (p < 0.01), with liver TG (p 0.01), and with 18 h urinary acid excretion (p < 0.01). Rats ingesting acid beverages seemed to respond with increased serum triglycerides and lowered HDL cholesterol concentration. Thus, soft drinks might increase the acid load, thereby possibly contributing to increased hepatic desaturase activities and lipoprotein formation.
Key words: Colas, acid load, sucrose, fatty acids, desaturase indexes, liver, serum, rat.
Arne Torbjørn Høstmark*, Marianne Sylvana Haug Lunde and Einar Eilertsen
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Review
African Journal of Medical Case Reports Vol. 3 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Physico-chemical reaction of the poisons in shakespeare’s tragedies
Nada Marstijepovic1*, Ivana Hajdukovic1 and Igor Pejovic2
1Ministry of Internal Affairs, Podgorica, Montenegro.
2Military medical center, Podgorica, Montenegro.
Accepted 24 September, 2014
Abstract
This paper provides the analysis of the definition of toxins from a medical aspect, as unpoisonous substance given in one dose and as a poisonous substance given in another dose. The aim of this paper is to, from physico- chemical aspect, make connection between toxins from medical aspect considered as a drug and Shakespeare’s plays. The Chinese Doctors appear to have safely and successfully treated patients with cancer of the blood and bone marrow with a combination of arsenic and vitamin A, according to long-term study published in Hong Kong. With the same one with which the Friar poisoned the King Dona and then himself. So arsenic could be a poison and a remedy. In 18th century already arsenic compunds were used as a medicine. In 2000, American Ministry of Health approved the use of arsenic for treatment of the patients with cancer of the blood and bone marrow. Consideration of the toxins from the aspect of their toxic and curative properties is a very common multidisciplinary approach to the problem as an indissoluble link between the sciences.
Key words: Poison, doze, Shakespeare, arsenic, drug.
Ivana Hajdukovic and Igor Pejovic, Nada Marstijepovic*
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Research Article
African Journal of Medical Case Reports Vol. 3 (4), pp. 001-009, April, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A systematic review of quality of randomized controlled trials of glycyrrhizin acid to treat hepatitis in China
Ming-Hua Zheng1*, Shi-Cheng Yu2, Ke-Qing Shi1, Xiao-Zhi Jin1 and Yong-Ping Chen1
1Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, No. 2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
2Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China.
Accepted 10 September, 2014
Abstract
To assess the quality of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) for variety of preparations made from Glycyrrhizin Acid (GA), an ingredient found in Chinese herb Glycyrrhiza that is widely used in the treatment of hepatitis in clinical practice in China. From electronic searches of PubMed, CNKI, TCMDS, CBMdisc and Chongqing VIP database, we identified 93 reported RCTs between 1991 and 2007 that GA was the subject of the trial. The quality of each trial was assessed using the number of Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) checklist items included, the frequency of allocation concealment and a 5-point quality assessment instrument (Jadad scale). 72.22% (26/36) of the CONSORT checklist items was included in the RCTs. Only 3 (3.22%) of 93 RCTs reported allocation concealment by sealed envelopes. 59 (63.44%) trials described baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of each group, but only 7 (7.52%) reported statistical results of baseline data. Although 77 (82.79%) trials described the number of participants in each group included in each analysis, none of the trials adopted intention -to-treat analysis. Information regarding adverse events was reported in 36 (38.70%) of the RCTs. The quantity of RCTs increased from 1 in 1993 to 15 in 2007, but the average points assessed by CONSORT in each year didn’t elevate. At the same time, the overall quality of the trials was low as assessed by the Jadad scale. Although the quantity of RCTs related to GA mainly against hepatitis increased in recent years, the methodological quality of these reports was low. Therefore, the efficacy and safety of GA being used in clinical practice need to be further confirmed by carefully designed clinical research.
Key words: Traditional Chinese medicine, glycyrrhizin acid, randomized controlled trial, evaluation of quality.
Ke-Qing Shi, Xiao-Zhi Jin and Yong-Ping Chen, Shi-Cheng Yu, Ming-Hua Zheng*
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