African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery

African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ISSN 2198-4638 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-010, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Pattern of skin lightening cosmetics use and perceived risk of skin cancer among undergraduate students of university of Ibadan, Nigeria

¹Ohaeri Beatrice and ²Ajani Funmi Oluyemi

¹Department of Nursing, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

²University Health Services, Jaja Clinic, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Accepted 15 August, 2019

Abstract 

Background: Skin lightening cosmetics use has been a practice that cut across various populations across the world and Nigerians have been reported to be the highest users. However, various complications have been documented with prolong use of the product ranging from mild reactions such as exogenous ochronosis to severe cases like skin cancer. The study however assessed the pattern of use of skin lightening cosmetics among the undergraduate students of University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted using a simple random and systematic sampling technique with self-administered questionnaire to 365 respondents who met the eligibility criteria and consented to participate. Statistical analyses were done. Numeric variables were frequencies, percentages, means and Chi-square at p= 0.05. Results: the mean age of the respondents was 20.0 ± 2.93 years. 41.4% of the respondents were aware of the toxic components of skin lightening cosmetics. Although, 45.2% opined they used it ignorantly. About 11.8% claimed they use it in the last 3 months and 36.6% claimed experiencing early symptoms of its adverse effects. Conclusion: About average of the student population ignorantly use cosmetics containing banned chemicals with consequent adverse effects. Policy restricting the use of toxic cosmetics is therefore recommended.

Key words: Pattern, lightening cosmetics, risk, skin cancer, undergraduate students.

African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ISSN 2198-4638 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-004, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of the rationale for assessing student nurses on urine testing by nursing council examiners

Ndie Elkenah Chubike

Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 07066789961.

Accepted 25 January, 2020

Abstract

This study aimed at evaluating the rationale for assessing student nurses on urine testing by the nursing council examiners, was carried out using questionnaire. The council examiners were located at nursing conferences and were randomly selected. The results show that most of the respondents exhibited poor knowledge of blood glucose levels and their rationale for examining the student on urine glucose were based on residual knowledge and old practices. Massive education of nurses on the use of blood glucose monitoring and further study on the knowledge of council examiners on the other areas on which they examine the students must be evaluated to enhance further generation nurses.

Key words: Rationale for assessing, students nurses, urine glucose test, nursing council examiners.

African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ISSN 2198-4638 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-007, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Perceived relative factors influencing nurses’ practice of health promotion for women in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

P. E. Samson-Akpan*, O. B. Edet, I. I. Akpabio and E. F. Asuquo

Department of Nursing Science, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Cross Rivers State, Nigeria. *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +2348023799858.

Accepted 22 January, 2020

Abstract

Socio-cultural factors negate the health of women. Therefore, health promotion as a focus of nursing practice aimed at capitalizing on the inherent capacities of women to establish health priorities, goals and strategies to improve their health. A descriptive survey with the purpose of ascertaining the influence of culture, social and health policies on nurses’ practice of health promotion was undertaken. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A sample of one hundred and thirty six nurses participated in the study. A validated questionnaire with a test-retest reliability coefficient (r) of 0.79 was used for data collection. Correlation analysis was carried out to test hypotheses. The results revealed that 132 (97.1%) participants were female with a mean (SD) age of 40 ± 7.29. Many participants 58 (42.6%) perceived that social policies have high influence on their practice of health promotion. The results also showed significant negative correlation between culture and practice of health promotion (R=-0.532; p = 0.01) while the practice of health promotion was significantly and positively correlated with social policies (R = 0.515; p = 0.01). It was recommended that negative cultural practices be addressed through social policies and health education of women on negative cultural practices in order to enhance the practice of health promotion for them.

Key words: Culture, health policy, health promotion, nursing practice of health promotion for women, social policies.

African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ISSN 2198-4638 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-011, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Nursing education and workforce development: Implications for maternal health in Anambra State, Nigeria

Mabel Chiemeka Ezeonwu

Nursing and Health Studies, University of Washington Bothell, 18115 Campus Way NE Bothell WA 98011, USA. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 425-352-3815. Fax: 425-352-3237.

Accepted 22 January, 2020

Abstract

The relationship between nursing and maternal health presents a legitimate policy discussion. In this qualitative descriptive study, the views of nurse experts on the current status of nursing and midwifery education, and workforce development issues as they relate to maternal health in Nigeria was explored. Focus was on experts as they constitute important players in policy decisions related to nursing workforce and maternal health services delivery. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze interview data. The findings of this study indicated that nursing and midwifery schools utilize a rigorous curriculum mandated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria (NMCN). It was also found that nursing workforce development is plagued by pedagogical issues, gender issues, and multi-faceted health systems challenges. These findings suggest that Nigerian nursing workforce is highly unstable and broader policies on workforce training, recruitment and retention are needed to improve maternal health outcomes.

Key words: Nursing education, midwifery education, nursing workforce development, health policies, maternal health, Nigeria.

African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ISSN 2198-4638 Vol. 8 (4), pp. 001-007, April, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The prevalence, management and outcome of primary postpartum haemorrhage in selected health care facilities in Nigeria

A. E. Olowokere*, O. A. Adekeye, A. Ogunfowokan, O. E. Olagunju and O. O. Irinoye

Department of Nursing Science, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Accepted 05 February, 2020

Abstract

One of the millennium development goals set by the United Nations is to reduce maternal mortality by three quarters by 2015. The achievement of this goal must focus on understanding the dynamics of the causes of maternal mortality and removing such causes. Postpartum haemorrhage ranks high among the causes of maternal mortality, especially in Nigeria. This study was designed to determine the prevalence, management and outcome of postpartum haemorrhage in selected health care settings. This study was a retrospective analysis of cases of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in selected health care facilities from primary, secondary and tertiary health care levels in Ile-Ife, Nigeria between January, 2004 and December, 2008. The prevalence of PPH during the study period was 1.6, 3.9 and 3.4% in the tertiary, secondary and primary health care institutions respectively. Chi square showed a significant association between booking status and occurrence of PPH (χ² = 18.51, df = 1, P = 0.001), parity and PPH (χ² = 21.49, df = 3, P = 0.000), and mode of delivery and PPH (χ² = 111.77, df = 2, P = 000). Retained placenta and retained placental bits of tissue were major causes of PPH (52.4%). Major risk factors identified were multiple gestation (20%), antepartum haemorrhage (15%) and previous PPH (12.5%). Uterotonic (ergometrine and/or syntocinon) was widely used (100%) as first line of management with misoprostol being rarely used (7.3%). This study showed that prior booking of pregnant women for antenatal care was associated with lower prevalence of PPH as higher prevalence was recorded among unbooked clients. Therefore, midwives and other health care providers most especially at the rural area must ensure that women are mobilised and encouraged to register for antenatal care as early as possible for appropriate maternity care, early identification of risk and preparation to reduce the untoward effect.

Key words: Maternal mortality, labour, primary postpartum haemorrhage, uterotonic, retrospective study.

African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ISSN 2198-4638 Vol. 8 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Nursing education in Africa: South Africa, Nigeria, and Ethiopia experiences

Bethabile Lovely Dolamo¹ and Simeon Keyada Olubiyi²*

¹University of South Africa, Akaki Regional Learning Centre, Ethiopia.

²National Open University of Nigeria, Nigeria.

Accepted 13 January, 2020

Abstract

This paper studies the development of nursing education in Africa and it is limited to three countries namely, South Africa, Nigeria and Ethiopia. Two cardinal periods are covered which are, colonial and post colonial. But Ethiopia is the only African country that has technically, never been colonised as it successfully repulsed Italy’s attempt at occupying it. The reason for this study is to assist modern states in Africa to learn from the past in order to make good decisions for the present as they build a future that will make nursing education a key and crucial partner in the management of health services, including attainment of some of the millennium development goals. Recommendations for the future of nursing education are made as well as important conclusions and findings.

Key words: Africa, cadres, colonial, nursing education, professional progression.