ISSN 2375-074X
Research Article
African Journal of Plant Breeding ISSN 2375-074X Vol. 2 (1), pp. 136-142, January, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Is HRM analysis suitable for SSR genotyping of a mapping population? A comparison of HRM and capillary electrophoresis for SSR genotyping in a mapping population
Bartosz Kozak1, Renata Galek1, Ewa Sawicka Sienkiewicz1
1Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 24a pl. Grunwaldzki, 50–363 Wroclaw, Poland.
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 24 July, 2015
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare two methods for detection of polymorphism in a microsatellite locus, i.e. Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) - ABI and QIAxcel, and High Resolution Melting (HRM), in respect of correct and efficient genotyping of a narrow-leafed lupin mapping population. The difference in length of the generated products by three SSR primers, between the parental forms were: less than 10 bp, more than 10 bp, more than 20 bp. Both tested CE systems allowed to perform correct genotyping of the analyzed RILs and their parents. The HRM technique failed to correct genotype RILs and their parental forms with the markers generating polymorphic product difference in a length less than 10 bp. However, this technique enables correct and effective genotyping with the markers that generate polymorphic product difference in a length more than 10 pb. Of the two CE systems compared, QIAxcel was less time-and money-consuming.
Key words: SSR assay, capillary electrophoresis, ABI, QIAxcel, HRM, narrow-leafed lupin.
Renata Galek and Ewa Sawicka Sienkiewicz, Bartosz Kozak
Page: 136 - 142
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJPB/1019Research Article
African Journal of Plant Breeding Vol. 1 (6), pp. 103-117, November, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Supplies of bushmeat for livelihoods in logging towns in the Congo Basin
Julius Chupezi Tieguhong and Janusz Zwolinski
Forestry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.: +27-33-2606007. Fax: +27-33-2606005.
Accepted 9 June, 2013
Abstract
The focus of this study is on the importance of bushmeat to the economies of 99 hunting households in two logging towns, northern boundary of the Lobeke National Park, East Province of Cameroon. In this area, bushmeat was the major source of daily animal protein and an estimated 37 960 wild animals were killed each year or 104 animals per day. In general, 62% of the hunted animals were sold for cash income while 38% were consumed by the hunters and their families. An annual gross income from the bushmeat to hunters was estimated at 234 058 548 CFA Francs (US$ 469 117) while gross revenue from 11 other income generating activities accessed by the hunters was only 4.5% of the income from hunting. Various costs represented 69.4% of the gross hunting revenues. Average hunting income was twice higher than the income of a junior technician and about the same as that of a senior technician working at SEFAC (logging company). The income of hunters at the higher end of the income range was comparable to those of mid-career SEFAC managers. Such a lucrative business provides economic incentives to hunting despite all the suppressive measures. Moreover, the importance of a large bushmeat market is rarely detected and seriously taken into account when designing conservation policies aimed at protecting wildlife and fighting against poaching. The study stresses the need for empathetic approaches that favour more deliberate development and conservation policies while dealing with bushmeat issues in logging towns of the region.
Key words: Game, food security, hunting, poaching, wildlife conservation.
Janusz Zwolinski, Julius Chupezi Tieguhong
Page: 103 - 117
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJPB/1014Research Article
African Journal of Plant Breeding Vol. 1 (4), pp. 068-077, September, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of intra and interspecific rice varieties adapted to valley fringe conditions in Burkina Faso
M. Sié1*, S. A. Ogunbayo1, D. Dakouo2, I. Sanou2, Y. Dembélé2, B. N’dri1, K. N. Dramé1, K. A.Sanni1, B. Toulou1 and R. K. Glele3
1Africa Rice Center (WARDA), 01 B.P. 2031, Cotonou, Benin.
2Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Programme Riz et Riziculture, Centre Régional de Recherches Environnementales et Agricoles de l'Ouest, BP 910 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
3Universite d’Abomey Calavi, 01 BP 526, Cotonou, Benin.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: (229) 21 35 01 88. Fax: (229) 21 35 05 56.
Accepted 18 April, 2013
Abstract
The immense potential of the lowlands in Burkina Faso for durable intensification of rice cropping have not been realised due to biotic and abiotic stress constraints. To this end, the rice research program in Burkina Faso evaluated 16 intra-and interspecific lowland progenies in 2002 and 2003. The aim of the study is to introduce new lowland NERICAs through a participatory approach and to identify ideotypes that are adapted to lowland conditions. Variability was found among the 16 rice varieties with respect to the 9 variables that were evaluated. A principal components plot and clustering analysis technique were used to group 16 intra-and interspecific lowland progenies. The interspecific varieties formed the most interesting group and showed a better capacity for adaptation to the diversity of lowlands. They had good yields, sometimes higher than those of intraspecific varieties and check. Thus, the results obtained were quite satisfactory as the varieties possess good agronomic traits that are well adapted to intensified lowland rice farming. The recent naming of some of these interspecific varieties as NERICA-L (New Rice for Africa Lowland) by Africa Rice Center confirmed their status. Thus from this study, a new set of interspecific lines that are adapted to lowland conditions and which the national research programs in Burkina Faso can use in various tests for satisfying farmers’ needs are discussed.
Key words: Hybridisation, inter-specific, insect, blast, NERICA, Oryza glaberrima, Oryza sativa, sterility, yield.
S. A. Ogunbayo, M. Sié, K. N. Dramé, B. Toulou and R. K. Glele, D. Dakouo, K. A. Sanni, Y. Dembélé, I. Sanou, B. N’dri
Page: 68 - 77
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJPB/1016Research Article
African Journal of Plant Breeding Vol. 1 (6), pp. 118-123, November, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Absorption spectrum estimating rice chlorophyll concentration: Preliminary investigations
Jinheng Zhang1*, Chao Han1 and Zhiheng Liu1,2
1Institute of Eco-environment and Agriculture Information and College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao
University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China.
2College of Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]. Fax: 0086-532-84022617
Accepted 10 June, 2013
Abstract
Our objective in this study was to develop spectral absorption indices for prediction of leaf chlorophyll concentration based on blue/yellow/red/ edge absorption spectrum. Two field experiments were conducted to study the response of chlorophyll index based on leaf absorption spectra to chlorophyll concentration in rice. The ultimate, penultimate and third expanded leaves were sampled for chlorophyll measurements and the absorption spectra of the leaves on the main stem for three rice varieties at different growth stages to select the absorption wavelength position near zero and develop better algorithms for estimating chlorophyll concentration. Some indices called blue/yellow/red/ edge absorption spectra chlorophyll index (BEACI/ YEACI/ REACI) were calculated from elected absorption wavelength positions. For the 1st experiment the correlation coefficients were similar between chlorophyll concentration and single leaf spectral absorption and between chlorophyll concentration and these indices. But the chlorophyll concentration had significant correlations (P<0.01) to these indices than single leaf spectral absorption in the 2nd experiment. The liner regression models with single leaf spectral absorption y = -2.271A480.188 + 5.574A651.232 - 2.899A753.552 - 0.269, y= -4.079A480.188 - 2.233A753.552 + 5.892A663.239 + 0.547 and y = 4.217A651.232 -0.718A753.552 - 2.897A663.239 - 0.399 had higher power prediction total chlorophyll, chlororphyll a and chlorophyll b concentrations, respectively. Compared with BEACI and REACI, stepwise regression analysis showed that YEACI630.610, YEACI570.169 and YEACI651.232 were good predictive power for predicting chlorophyll total concentration, chlorophyll a concentration and chlororphyll b concentration respectively.
Key words: Rice, chlorophyll concentration, leaf absorption spectrum, vegetation index.
Jinheng Zhang, Chao Han and Zhiheng Liu
Page: 118 - 123
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJPB/1008Research Article
African Journal of Plant Breeding Vol. 1 (4), pp. 060-067, September, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Variation in streptomycin-induced bleaching and dark induced senescence of rice ( Oryza sativa) genotypes and their relationship with yield and adaptability
S. Das*, R. C. Misra, S. K. Sinha and M. C. Pattanaik
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 14 April, 2013
Abstract
Variation in streptomycin sensitivity and dark sensitivity of 36 rice genotypes of 3 different maturity groups was studied. Streptomycin sensitivity and dark sensitivity of rice genotypes were expressed in terms of bleaching index (BI) and senescence index (SI) respectively. Genotypes of each maturity group showed wide variation in their BI / SI value. The objective of this investigation was to find relationship of BI / SI parameter with yield, adaptability and stability in yield performance of rice genotypes. Yield performance of rice genotypes were evaluated over 12 environments. Adaptability and stability analysis were done following linear regression model of Eberhart and Russell and AMMI Stability Value (ASV) of purchase. BI parameter showed positive correlation with yielding ability and deviation from regression and negative correlation with adaptability parameter (b) for all the 3 maturity groups. But SI parameter showed negative correlation with yielding ability and positive correlation with adaptability parameter (b) for all the 3 maturity groups. This experimental study revealed that sensitivity of rice genotypes to SM in terms of BI could be used to predict yielding ability of genotypes and dark sensitivity (SI) could be used to indicate adaptability to rich environments or poor environments. This novel approach may help the breeder in indirect selection of high yielding genotypes and genotypes well adapted to rich or poor environments at an early seedling stage before going for multilocation trials.
Key words: Streptomycin, dark treatment, Oryza sativa, adaptability.
S. Das, R. C. Misra, S. K. Sinha and M. C. Pattanaik
Page: 60 - 67
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJPB/1013Research Article
African Journal of Plant Breeding Vol. 1 (5), pp. 080-082, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Studies on effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and their combination in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.]
Mudasir Hafiz Khan1 and Sunil Dutt Tyagi2
1Department of Agriculture, Srinagar (J&K), India.
2Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Kisan (P. G.), College, Simbhaoli, Ghaziabad, (U. P.), India.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 24 April, 2013
Abstract
Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and combined treatments was studied in terms of M2 (progenies) lethality and chlorophyll mutations in two cultivars of soybean (Pusa-16 and PK-1042). In general the frequencies of chlorophyll mutations were high in gamma rays and combined treatments. Four types of mutants viz., albina, xantha, chlorine and viridis were observed in the study. Gamma rays were found to be more effective to induce chlorophyll mutations in both cultivars. PK-1042 cultivar exhibited higher mutagenic efficiency as compared to Pusa-16 in EMS and gamma rays treatment.
Key words: Effectiveness, efficiency, gamma rays, EMS, soybean.
Sunil Dutt Tyagi, Mudasir Hafiz Khan
Page: 80 - 82
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJPB/1009