African Journal of Plant Breeding

African Journal of Plant Breeding ISSN: 2375-074X Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-005, September, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

African Journal of Plant Breeding ISSN: 2375-074X Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-010, August, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Participatory Selection and Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine max) Varieties for Savannah Regions of the DR-Congo

Justin Mudibu^1,2, Kankolongo Mbuya^1,3, Adrien Kalonji-Mbuyi^2,4, Kabwe Nkongolo^5,*

¹Faculty of Agronomy, “Université National Pégadogique de Kinshasa (UPN)”;

²Regional Nuclear Energy Center, Kinshasa (CRENK), RD-Congo,

³National Institute for Research and Agronomic Studies (INERA), B.P. 2037, Kinshasa 1, RD – Congo;

⁴Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kinshasa, B.P 117, Kinshasa 11, RD–Congo;

⁵Department of Biological Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, P3E 3C6.

Accepted 28 June, 2021 

Abstract

Pulses and legumes in general are important staple crops for smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa that contribute to improvement of Africa’s nutrient-poor soils. In the DR-Congo, the soybean genepool includes local and genetically improved varieties from international institutions such as the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) or other countries. However, the acceptance rate of these varieties is very low. The main objective of this study was to identify and select elite soybean varieties grown in the DR-Congo using Participatory Varietal Selection (SVP) led by the breeder. In total, five field trials involving 22 soybean varieties were conducted in a savannah region of Eastern Kasai (DR-Congo) with or without nitrogenous-phosphorus – potassium (NPK) fertilization. A total of 61 males and females farmers from surrounding villages were involved in the variety evaluation. Selection was based primarily on agronomic characteristics such as yield components, duration to maturity, organoleptic qualities, and seed size and color. Significant differences among varieties for most of the traits studied were observed. Overall, three varieties were selected based on farmer’s ranking. They include TGX1895-49F, TGX SENASEM, and TGX1879-9 E. These soybean varieties were released and promoted in the community.

Keywords: Soybean; Glycine max; participatory varietal selection; DR-Congo; farmer’s knowledge.

African Journal of Plant Breeding ISSN: 2375-074X Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-012, July, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Visual landscape quality in landscape planning: Examples of Kars and Ardahan cities in Turkey

Osman Uzun* and Haldun Müderriso lu

Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Forestry, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.

Accepted 14 November, 2020

Abstract 

Together with European landscape convention, it is required that studies related to landscape planning should be integrated with the sectors such as department of urban and regional planning, industry, agriculture and forestry. Visual landscape analysis has an important position in landscape planning. In this study, it is aimed that a method for visual landscape quality which is one of the researches of landscape analysis is developed in a physical planning workout that is to be carried out in Kars and Ardahan. The data that is to represent the seven factors are: Landform, vegetation, water, color, influence of adjacent scenery, scarcity, cultural modifications, in practicing the visual source management method has been constructed in the environment of geographical information systems by making use of the databases of Ministry of Environment and Forestry and Corine land cover. The accuracy of visual landscape quality maps has been proved by practicing the method in site conditions and in twenty three different points. This situation proves that the method can safely be practiced in the studies such as sub-regional scales, planning and strategic environmental assessment.

Key words: Ardahan, Kars, landscape planning, visual quality.

African Journal of Plant Breeding ISSN 2375-074X Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-011, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genetic variability and heritability studies of seed cotton yield and fiber quality in F5 segregating generation of upland cotton (Gossypium hirustum L.) in Ethiopia

Alehegn Workie Amanu¹*, Hussien Mohammed² and Berhanu Amsalu³

¹Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia.

²College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, Ethiopia. 

³Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia.

Accepted 20 December, 2019

Abstract

Sixteen genotypes were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications with the objectives of determining the genetic variability and heritability of seed cotton yield and quality traits in F5 lines. Genetic coefficient variability (GCV) ranged from 0.65% (degree of reflectance) to 12.02 (boll number plant^-1). Phenotypic coefficient variability (PCV) ranged from 0.87% (degree of reflectance) to 13.35% (boll number plant^-1). Most of the traits had fallen at low rank PCV and GCV which suggested that the breeders should go for source of high variability. Fiber Strength recorded the highest heritability (0.95), followed by hundred seed weight (0.94), upper half mean length (0.93), boll weight (0.89), ginning percentage (0.89), boll number plant^-1(0.81) indicating that these traits were affected less than days to emergence (0.58), seed cotton yield ha^-1(0.51) degree of reflectance (0.57)by the environmental conditions. The highest genetic advance in percent of the mean was exhibited by boll number plant^-1(22.28), followed by hundred seed weight (19.55). The study has highlighted the existence of low to moderate variability and high heritability for the traits so that new genetic diversity should be brought in through introduction, collection and by mutation breeding, to obtain high variability.

Keywords: phenotypic, genotypic, advance, variability, heritability

African Journal of Plant Breeding ISSN 2375-074X Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Agronomic, economic and ecological aspects of the papaya (Carica papaya) production in Tabasco, Mexico

E. Guzman-Ramon¹*, R. Gomez Alvarez¹, J. M. Pat-Fernandez², H. A. J. Pohlan³, J. C. Alvarez-Rivero⁴, V. Geissen¹, F. Mirafuentes⁵ and R. Ramos¹

¹El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Villahermosa, Tabasco, México.

²El Colegio de la Frontera Sur-Unidad Campeche, México.

³Universität Bonn, INRES, Auf dem Hügel 6, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.

⁴Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División de ciencias Agropecuarias,Tabasco, México.

⁵Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas yPecuaria, Huimanguillo, Tabasco, Mexico.

Accepted 13 September, 2019

Abstract

The cultivation of papaya is important in the tropic because it provides source of income to the farmer within a short time. Statistical data were obtained from farmers located in the Chontalpa, Rios and Centro-Sierra regions; the size of the survey was 67 farmers. The study shows the results of the farmers’ problem in a drastic reduction of their productivity because of the virosis and low prices in commercialization. The farmers were classified into three levels of technology, “low”, “middle” and “high”. The first one covers 88% of the farmers in seasonal conditions in contrast with the high technology that concentrates 4.5% in irrigation conditions. According to the technology used, the fertilizer shows more yields. Economically, the high technology had an internal tax return of 0.43 in comparison with the low technology of 0.25, which means that the investment is recovered with different yields. However, the use of high technology makes the system more competitive.

Key words: Production, profitability, technology levels, pollution.

African Journal of Plant Breeding ISSN 2375-074X Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-009, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Seed metrics for genetic and shape determinations in African yam bean [Fabaceae] (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst. Ex. A. Rich) harms

B. D. Adewale^1*, O. B. Kehinde¹, J. O. Popoola² and C. O. Aremu³

¹Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

²Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

³Department of Agronomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Accepted 14 August, 2019

Abstract

The metric measures on seeds, their correlation and relationship are important for systematic breeding for seed yield and shape determination. Variations among eighty genotypes of African yam bean (AYB) for six metric seed characters (seed length, width and thickness and their ratios) were evaluated in this study. Paired comparison among the six characters revealed very high significance (P < 0.001), approving the six traits as unique parameters for evaluating AYB. They equally exhibited high and substantial genetic variance: the genotypic proportion of the total variation ranged between 90 and 97%, broad sense heritability (81 - 94%) and genetic advances (14 - 31%). Seed length and width had the highest joint inheritance of 99.04%, the least, 4.32% was between width and WT as depicted by co-heritability. Positive and significant (P < 0.05) phenotypic and/or genotypic correlation existed between seed width and thickness, the three ratios and seed length with the ratios except WT. Non-significant negative correlation existed between seed thickness with LT and WT. There were very reliable and highly significant linear relationships between the seed traits except for length and width whose relationship was non-linear. Breeding concentration on any of these traits may simultaneously influence the others. The seed shape indices were the metric ratios and the flatness index; they described the common shapes of AYB seeds as: round/spherical, oval/ellipsoidal, oblong and rhomboid.

Key words: Seed metrics, seed shape, co-heritability, flatness index, heritability.