ISSN 2756-3707
Research Article
Effect of sesame seed rich diet on the structure of the epididymis
International Journal of Histology and Cytology ISSN 2447-9535 Vol. 2 (2), pp. 119-124, February, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of sesame seed rich diet on the structure of the epididymis
Amini Mahabadi J., Khodayari, M., Hassani Bafrani H.*, Nikzad, H. and Taherian A.
Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 00989133230168.
Accepted 27 April, 2014
Abstract
Sesamin is a major lignan constituent of sesame seed and considered as a key factor in a number of beneficial effects on human health. The intake of sesame leaves has been shown to improve and increase epididymal spermatocytes reserve in adult male Sprague Dawley rats. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a diet containing sesame seeds on epididymis histological structure of the adult wistar rat. Thirty adult male rats were divided into two groups consisting of 15 rats each. The regime group received a diet containing 30% sesame seeds, while the control group received a standard diet for 12 weeks. The right epididymis was removed and minced into several pieces in a specimen bottle containing normal saline for a few minutes to allow the sperm to swim out. Sperm parameters, sperm count and motility was determined. The left epididymis was divided into three sections and fixed into bouin's solution for histological evaluations. Serum Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were estimated by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques while testosterone concentration was determined using a Chemo-luminence method. The body weight gain during the treatment period did not differ significantly between the two groups. The mean epididymal sperm motility and count of the experimental group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group. LH levels were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to control group. No significant changes in FSH and testosterone levels were reported. The mean epididymal diameter of the tubular, lumen and epithelium in three parts were not significantly different (p > 0.05) when the regime group was compared to the control group. From our study, we can conclude that the consumption of sesame seeds improves sperm parameters (motility and count) and increases LH levels. Sesame seeds had no effect on epididymal tissue and body weight of the rats.
Key words: Diet, epididymis, sesame seed, sperm, hormone.
Khodayari , Hassani Bafrani H.*, Amini Mahabadi J., M. , Nikzad , H. and Taherian A.
Research Article
International Journal of Histology and Cytology ISSN 2447-9535 Vol. 2 (1), pp. 079-086, January, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of repeated administration of the aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem on the male rat testicular histology
Yakubu, M. T.*, Oladiji, A. T. and Akanji, M. A.
Medicinal Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]. GSM No: +234 (0) 8033578658.
Accepted 26 July, 2014
Abstract
The effects of administration of aqueous extracts of Fadogia agrestis stem for 28 days and the 10 days post treatment effects on biochemical indices of reproductive function and testicular histology were evaluated in male albino rats. The rats were randomly selected into four study groups, A, B, C and D of 10 rats per group. Animals in group A (control) received 1 ml of distilled water (vehicle), and test groups B, C and D received graded doses of 18, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight of extract respectively on daily basis for 28 days. At the end of 28 days treatment period, 5 animals were sacrificed while the remaining 5 from the same group were sacrificed after a ten day recovery period. There were significant (P<0.05) increases in the prostrate – body weight ratio (%), citric acid concentration and acid phosphatase activity at all the dose regimen and only at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight dose regimen for calcium and phosphate, while pH was not altered. There was no recovery on prostatic parameters except the citric acid content at 18 mg/kg body weight. Sperm count, motility, morphology and density were significantly reduced at 50 and 100 mg/kg dose regimen. The pH, colour, turbidity and viscosity of semen were unaffected but the seminal vesicular-body weight ratio (%), fructose content and glutamate dehydrogenase activity were significantly (P<0.05) reduced at higher doses. Histopathological changes revealed destruction of spermatic cells and seminiferous tubules. Toxicity was mild and reversible at 18 mg/kg body weight dose regimen but there was irreversible derangement on male testicular histology at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight dose regimen, which may adversely affect reproductive function especially male fertility.
Key words: Fadogia agrestis stem, prostate, seminal vesicle, sperm, oral administration, recovery, reproductive function indices, testicular histology.
A. T. and Akanji, Yakubu , M. A., Oladiji , M. T.*
Research Article
A study of the morphology and histology of the alimentary tract of the insect
International Journal of Histology and Cytology ISSN 2447-9535 Vol. 2 (3), pp. 125-129, March, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A study of the morphology and histology of the alimentary tract of the adult palm weevil
Omotoso Olumuyiwa Temitope
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, P.M.B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 07 October, 2014
Abstract
Palm weevil (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) is a notorious pest of oil palm trees, worldwide. Investigations were conducted on the alimentary tract of the adult insect. Results of the morphology and histology of the alimentary tract revealed that the alimentary tract consisted of a foregut, which was made up of a buccal cavity, oesophagus, crop and proventriculus. The crop big or small and the proventriculus had bristle teeth which the insect used in the mechanical breakdown of ingested food. The midgut is the longest part of the alimentary tract and most prominent features there are goblet cells, columnar cells, villi, microvilli and intestinal glands. The midgut was well adapted for the digestion and assimilation of food. The hindgut was responsible for the re-absorption of water from undigested food (feaces) because of the presence of rectal pads. The results of these investigations revealed that the alimentary tract of the weevil was structurally and functionally adapted to digest and extract its nutritional requirements from its food.
Key words: Morphology, histology, alimentary tract, adult palm weevil, Rhynchophorus phoenicis.
Omotoso Olumuyiwa Temitope
Research Article
International Journal of Histology and Cytology ISSN 2447-9535 Vol. 2 (2), pp. 101-108, February, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of callus induction and somatic embryogenesis of some Iranian cottons from different cotton species
Mahin Ghaemi*1, Ahmad Majd2, Fathalah Fallahian3 and Kamal Ghasemi Bezdi4
1Department of Biology, PhD Student, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Gorgan, Iran.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel/ (Fax):0098-0171-5535704.
Accepted 22 November, 2014
Abstract
Callus induction and somatic embryogenesis from hypocotyl explants of some Iranian cottons spp. (Hashem abad, Kerman, Termez and Sepid) were compared with Coker 312 through induction and formation of embryogenic calli on medium of Murashige and Skoog (MS) with Gamborg vitamins (B5) supplemented with the following compositions: MSB1 (0.5 mg/l zeatin), MSB2 (1 mg/l zeatin), MSB3 (0.5 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.1 mg/l kinetin), MSB4 (1 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/l kinetin, 0.5 mg/l zeatin) and MSB5 (2 mg/l α-naphtalene-3-acetic acid, 1 mg/l kinetin, 0.75 mg/l MgCl2). The optimum medium for the proliferation of embryogenic calli was MS medium containing B5 vitamins, 1 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/l kinetin and 0.5 mg/l zeatin and the optimum medium for the development of somatic embryos was MS medium (NH4NO3 was removed and KNO3 amount doubled) containing B5 vitamins, 40 g/l sucrose and without hormone. Media MSB1, MSB2 and MSB4 gave the highest percentage (100%) of calli induction in Coker 312 but the lowest induction (46.66%) was observed when Hashem abad explants were cultured in the MSB3 medium. Embryogenesis percentage of Termez (2.22 to 24.40%), Hashem abad (1.85 to 9.73%) and Sepid (9.06 to 22.28%) genotypes were significantly lower than that of Coker 312 (66.66 to 94.33%). The Kerman genotype did not show embryogenesis. In the histological studies, the different development stages of the embryos (globular, heart, torpedo and cotyledonary) together with callus cells were showed.
Key words: Hypocotyl explants, somatic embryo, in vitro regeneration, germination, somatic embryogenesis histology.
Ahmad Majd, Fathalah Fallahian and Kamal Ghasemi Bezdi, Mahin Ghaemi*
Research Article
International Journal of Histology and Cytology ISSN 2447-9535 Vol. 2 (3), pp. 130-135, March, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A study of flower chimera and the special cytological behavior that happened in the hybrids with flower chimera
Jianmin Liu1,3, Hao Wang2, Longjiang Yu1,3, Dianrong Li2* and Maoteng Li1,3*
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
2Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shanxi Province, Dali 715105, China.
3College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected].
Accepted 21 November, 2014
Abstract
Hybridization between white flowered Brassica carinata and yellow flowered B. rapa were made, and the flower chimeras were observed in a few hybrids. The simple single sequence molecular markers verified the hybridity of those hybrids. Chimeras were justified and totally classified based on the morphological characteristics of the flower petals that appeared in the hybrids of B. carinata and B. rapa. Two kinds of flower chimeras were observed: one type was different flower petals were with different colour in one branch; another type was that yellow petals were with white variegations, but the variegation size and shape were different in different petals. The meiosis and mitosis analysis showed that the partial or complete separation of parental genomes inferred to occur in pollen mother cells, shoot and early-developed petals in the flower chimeral hybrids, which hinted that the occurrence of complete or partial segregation of parental genomes in the somatic cells might be the reason for the production of flower chimera in the hybrids of B. carinata and B. rapa.
Key words: Brassica carinata, B. rapa, SSR, flower chimera.
Jianmin Liu, Longjiang Yu, Dianrong Li* and Maoteng Li, Hao Wang
Short Communication
International Journal of Histology and Cytology ISSN 2447-9535 Vol. 2 (3), pp. 136-138, March, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Short communication
Changes in the protein, sugar and cellulose of three agro-industrial by-products after fermentation with Aspergillus niger
Eustace A. Iyayi
Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: [email protected], [email protected].
Accepted 11 September, 2014
Abstract
Changes in the protein, sugar and cellulose of three agro-industrial by-products after fermentation with Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp. in solid state were determined. Cellulose was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in all the agro wastes by all the fungi after 14 days. Highest percentage reduction was achieved by A. niger in all the agro wastes; 36.51% for wheat offal (WO), 35.87% for brewers dried grain (BDG) and 35.80% for maize offal (MO). There was a corresponding build up of all the soluble sugars in the substrate up to 14 days. Beyond day 14, the sugar level began to fall and there was no more significant degradation of the cellulose. The crude protein of the BDG, MO and WO increased significantly (P<.0.05). After 14 days, the highest percentage increase in protein (41%) was obtained in WO inoculated with A. niger. Results of the study indicate the possibility of enhancing the feeding value of these by-products by a simple, inexpensive and easily adaptable technique.
Key words: Cellulose, sugar, protein, changes, fermentation, fungi.
Eustace A. Iyayi