ISSN 2756-3839
Research Article
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology ISSN 9321-5320 Vol. 5 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Regeneration and transformation of a maize elite inbred line via immature embryo culture and enhanced tolerance to a fungal pathogen Exserohilum turcicum with a balsam pear class I chitinase gene
Youyin Zhu1,3, Fenglan Zhao1,2 and Degang Zhao1,2,3*
1Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, South Campus, Huaxi, Guiyang City, 550025,Guizhou Province, People’s Republic of China.
2College of Life Science, Guizhou University, South Campus, Huaxi, Guiyang City, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
3Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Ago-Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University,Huaxi, Guiyang City, 550025,Guizhou Province, People' Republic of China.
Accepted 21 November, 2018
Abstract
Maize is one of the most important food crops worldwide and is subject to many diseases. Genetic engineering offers unique way to improve the current elite line via introduces single or multiple traits. In this report, we transformed an elite maize line, Jiao 51, with a balsam pear class I chitinase gene (Mcchit 1) driven by the maize ubiquitin-1 (ubi1) promoter. Conditions for callus induction from immature embryos were optimized using a Jiao 51 by culture on induction medium. The highest Type-I and Type-II callus induction efficiency of 91.33 and 89.10% were obtained on N6 media supplemented with 2.5 mg L-1 2, 4-D. Both types of calli grew fast. Type-I callus could easily change to Type-II callus. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was used to generate eight transgenic lines that expressed the chitinase transgene. Assessing the functionality of the Mcchit1 protein in the transgenic plants was conducted using an excised leaf challenge assay. The transgenic maize expressing a balsam pear class I chitinase gene exhibited enhanced tolerance to Exserohilum turcicum in greenhouse conditions. After 5 days inoculation, the number of lesions was significantly fewer, and the size of lesions was significantly smaller compared to the controls.
Key words: Maize (Zea mays. L.), chitinase gene, transformants, fungal disease tolerance, Northern corn leaf blight, Exserohilum turcicum.
Fenglan Zhao and Degang Zhao*, Youyin Zhu
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology ISSN 9321-5320 Vol. 5 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Survey, surveillance and cultural characteristics of chickpea wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. ciceri
Nikam PS, Jagtap GP* and Sontakke PL
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani 431 402 (M.S.) India.
Accepted 24 October, 2018
Abstract
Survey and surveillance of chickpea wilt in the Latur district revealed average wilt complex to the tune of 12.26%. Tashilwise survey report indicated maximum wilt incidence in Tashil Ausa (15.4%) followed by Jalkot (14.8%) and Renapur (14.0%). Further study indicated that Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. ciceri was associated with majority of the cases. The pathogen was isolated, purified and its pathogenicity was proven in pot culture. Further, on the basis of morphological, cultural characteristics of the pathogen and symptomatology, the fungal pathogen was identified as Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. ciceri.
Key words: Survey, chickpea wilt, Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. ciceri.
Nikam PS, Jagtap GP* and Sontakke PL
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology ISSN 9321-5320 Vol. 4 (12), pp. 001-007, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Checklists for evaluating high value agricultural products projects: The experience of the pacific island developing countries
Amos Gyau1, Zac Tchoundjeu1 and Stelle Franzel2
1World Agroforestry Centre, West and Central Africa Region, P. O. Box 16317, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Accepted 21 February, 2018
Abstract
This paper identifies and investigates high value agricultural products (HVAPs) related projects in the experiences of the Pacific islands developing countries (PIDCs). Based on analysis and evaluation of project reports, the paper identifies key factors and checklists which need to be evaluated in embarking on projects which affect the development of HVAPs related projects. The main elements of the proposed framework include external factors, level of integration of the value chain project to traditional agricultural system of the beneficiary country, market analysis, how holistic is the approach and linkages of the projects to other projects. The paper provokes thoughts for the development of a holistic framework to analyse HVAPs projects in the PIDC in particular and developing countries in general.
Key words: High value agricultural products, programmes, Pacific island countries, checklist.
Zac Tchoundjeu and Stelle Franzel, Amos Gyau
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology ISSN 9321-5320 Vol. 4 (11), pp. 001-005, November, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Management of mango malformation through physical alteration and chemical spray
Zafar Iqbal1*, Naeem Akhtar1, Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Sher Muhammad Shehzad1, Salman Ahmad1, Muhammad Asif1, Muhammad Yasin1, Muhammad Aslam Pervez2, Altaf Ahmad Dasti2 and Ahmad Saleem
1University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
2Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, F. abad, Pakistan.
3Department of Botany, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan, Pakistan.
3Punjab Agricultural Research Board (PARB), Lahore, Pakistan.
Accepted 28 March, 2018
Abstract
Mango malformation is a serious disease causing severe economic losses every year. The aim of the present study was to assess the current disease position and devise an integrated strategy to control this malady in commercial orchards. The assessment of malformation was done at forty locations in eight mango growing districts of Pakistan. Malformation showed 100% prevalence in the surveyed orchards. Jhang was the most affected district with 60.13% severity while Khanewal was least affected with 13.80% severity. All the common mango cultivars were found more or less disposed to the disease. Effect of clipping of malformed branches at 15, 30 and 45 cm distance, respectively behind the panicles alone or combined with benomyl 50 WP spray at 2.0 gm L-1 water in the respective treatments was evaluated. The treatment with clipping at 45 cm distance followed by spray of benomyl showed the best results giving 70.37% decrease over previous years count. The results of the present studies will be helpful to minimize the losses inflicted by mango malformation disease globally.
Key words: Mangifera indica, malformation, Fusarium mangiferae, assessment, clipping.
Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Aslam Pervez, Naeem Akhtar, Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar, Salman Ahmad, Sher Muhammad Shehzad, Zafar Iqbal*, Altaf Ahmad Dasti and Ahmad Saleem, Muhammad Yasin
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology ISSN 9321-5320 Vol. 4 (12), pp. 001-005, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The evaluation of the effectiveness of the agricultural module supported with worksheets on the students’ conceptual development
Salih Çepni1*, Akif Hasıloglu2, Sinan Kocaman2 and Süleyman Aydın2
1Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Education, Primary School Education Department, Trabzon – Turkey.
2Ağrı Đbrahim Çeçen University, Faculty of Education, Primary School Education Department, Ağrı – Turkey.
Accepted 09 April, 2018
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the agricultural model supported with worksheets developed by the researchers based on the 5-E model of constructivist learning theory, taught as an elective course in the second grade of the primary school, on students’ conceptual developments. For this purpose, a semi-experimental research method was used. While the experimental group consisting of 29 students was taught with the developed agricultural module, the control group consisting of 19 students was taught with the teacher’s own lesson materials. It was seen that although the pre-test results obtained from the Conceptual Perception Test were very similar to each other, at the end there was a remarkable difference (t (46)= 3.472: p< 0.05) in terms of the experimental group results. We see from the results that the students who took the agriculture course via the developed agricultural model become more successful and teaching materials within the developed model has an effect in developing students’ conceptual understanding of the agricultural concepts at the six level curriculum programmes.
Key words: Agricultural education model, primary education, constructivism, agricultural concept development.
Sinan Kocaman and Süleyman Aydın, Akif Hasıloglu, Salih Çepni*
Page: 1 - 14
Research Article
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology ISSN 9321-5320 Vol. 4 (7), pp. 001-005, July, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Some body measurements and their correlations with live weight in the rock partridge (Alectoris graeca)
Tamer Çağlayan1*, Kemal Kirikçi1, Aytekin Günlü2 and Sema Alasahan1
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
2Department of Livestock Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
Accepted 21 February, 2018
Abstract
The study was carried out to determine some body measurements of male and female rock partridges of varying age (hatching-14 weeks), and to demonstrate the correlations between these measurements and live weight. Body measurements increased with advancing age. The differences between live weights were significant at 6 and 14th weeks (P<0.05 to 0.01). Shank length and shank width (at the os tarsometatarsus) were found to be greater in males between the 8 and 14th weeks of age (P<0.01). Differences between the two sexes in length of head were significant at 4 and 14th weeks (P<0.05 to 0.01). As of the second week, a high significant correlation (0.366 to 0.751) was determined among all body measurements and live weight (P<0.001). The most decisive body measurements used in the determination of live weight were shank width, head length and shank length. The lowest prediction (R2 12.5%) was determined during the hatching period. However, the highest prediction (R2 = 81.4%) was determined in the 4th week, and generally prediction increased with advancing age (P<0.001). Some body measurements of male and female rock partridges of varying age and the correlation of these measurements with live weight were determined in the study. This study concludes that some body measurements, which can be easily obtained, can be used in the prediction of live weight and as criteria in selection for live weight.
Key words: Partridge, body measurements, live weight, correlation, regression.
Aytekin Günlü and Sema Alasahan, Kemal Kirikçi1, Tamer Çağlayan*
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