Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and Technology

Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ISSN 2756-3251, Vol. 16 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of Forest Road Right-of-Way Clearing Width on Stand Growth: A Case Study in the Hyrcanian Forests (Vaston)

Ali Sorkhi*, Seyed Ataollah, Hoseini, Majid Lotfalian and Aidin Parsakhoo

Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mazandaran, Iran.

Accepted 8 December, 2024

Forest roads must be constructed according to the technical standards and guidelines published by the scientific organizations. The main aims of this research was to compare the standard clearing limit with existence status and assess the effects of the application of improper clearing limit on forest stock growth. In this research the standard design of clearing limit was determined based on soil texture and hillside gradient. Slope steepness map were obtained from DEM. 17 clearing limit samples were taken for each of the slope classes. The soil samples number were determined according to the length of roads which have passed from each slope classes. Results showed that the difference between the standard and existing clearing limit in secondary forest road was significantly higher than that in main forest road. Difference between stand volume decrease in standard and existing clearing limit in silt soil was significantly more than that in silt clay and clay soils. The difference between standard and existing clearing limit as well as the difference between standard and existing trees stock growth in different slope classes and soil sub-units was significant. Difference between stand volume increased significantly as difference between standard and existing clearing limit.

Key words: Forest road, clearing limit, right-of-way, stock growth, standard design.
 

Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ISSN 2756-3251, Vol. 16 (1), pp. 001-015, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Characterization of Oligocene Terrestrial Sediments: Palynostratigraphy and Environmental Context in the Bingerville Basin, Northern Gulf of Guinea

Bruno Zeli Digbehi1*, Mamery Doukoure1, Juliette Tea-Yassi2, Raphael Konan Yao2, Jean-Paul N’goran Yao1, David Kouakou Kangah2 and Ignace TAHI2

1Université de Cocody, UFR-STRM, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire.
2Petroci, Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), B.P. V 194, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

Accepted 24 October, 2024

A palynological investigation of two shallow boreholes in Anna, Bingerville area, at 13 km Northwest Abidjan, Southern Côte d’Ivoire, yielded rich and relatively well-preserved dinoflagellate cyst’s assemblages that allowed recognition of Oligocene age. This recognition was based on global dinoflagellate cyst events, including mainly Lejeunecysta species represented by cf. Lejeunecysta communis, L. lata, L. pulchra, Lejeunecysta sp. cf. L. granosa, cf. L. globosa, L. beninensis and other Pheolodinium magnificum, P. africanum, Selenopemphix nephroïdes and Cordosphaeridium inodes. They are associated to terrestrial spores and pollen grains such as Magnastriatites howardii, Spirosyncolpites spiralis, Perfotricolpites digitatus, Retitricoporites irregularis, Retimonocolpites irregularis, Pachydermites diederixii, Psilatricolporites operculatus and Punctodiporites harrisii. The palynostratigraphic interpretations are based on a comparison with calibrated dinoflagellate cyst ranges from several reference sections, mainly in the peri-atlantic and incidentally peri-pacific basins. This study showed changes in the relative abundances of different species or groups of morphologically related species. These changes are palaeoenvironmentally controlled, indicating a deposition occurred between the continental nearshore and marginal marine areas under continental influence. The prevalence of peridinioid dinocysts assemblage suggests deposition in a subtropical province whereas terrestrial pollen grains and spores provided by plants of coastal vegetation dominated by pteridophyts and angiosperms evoke mangrove and swamp forests. These new palynological data, notably the presence of Oligocene especially in the Ivorian terrestrial basin north of the so called “faille des lagunes”, specifies and modifies the previous local stratigraphic scale.

Key words: Palynostratigraphy, palaeoenvironment, Oligocene, sedimentary basin, Côte d’Ivoire.
 

Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ISSN 2756-3251, Vol. 16 (1), pp. 001-011, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The Financial Implications of Environmental Degradation: A Case Study on Floods and Erosion in Benin City, Nigeria

Odjugo, Peter Akpodiogaga-a Ovuyovwiroye

Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, P. M. B. 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +2348023718654.

Accepted 3 November, 2024

There are numerous environmental problems that plague different parts of the world in the face of climate change. These range from pollution, deforestation, indiscriminate bush burning and natural wild fire, desertification, climate change, rain and windstorms, flood, earthquake, volcanicity, drought and erosion among others. Of these environmental problems, Nigeria is affected by all except natural wildfire, volcanicity and earthquake. In Benin City, flood and erosion are two major environmental problems seriously affecting the city in recent times causing damage to property and loss of lives. The seriousness of these problems necessitated this study, which investigated the cost of environmental degradation in Benin City. Climatic trend (air temperature and rainfall) in Benin City between 1940 and 2010 were analysed while the flood and erosion characteristics in Benin City were also measured between 2008 and 2010. 741 questionnaires were administered to analyse the impacts of flooding and erosion on the respondents. The service of experts in estate valuing was sort and with that, the cost of damage caused by flood and erosion was determined. The data were analysed using time series and percentages among others. The results show that the length of the gullies ranges between 168 m and 695 m while the depth was between 0.6m and 24 m. The cost of damage to buildings and property due to erosion and flooding was N3.9billion ($23.9million) while flood claimed 14 lives between 1999 and 2010.

Key words: Climate change, eateries, rainfall, damage, property, commercial activities, gullies, urban forestry.
 

Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ISSN 2756-3251, Vol. 16 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of UV-B Radiation on Cryptogamic Plant Pigments in the Central Himalayas

Jaswant Singh*, Rudra P. Singh and Anand K. Dubey

Department of Environmental Sciences, Dr. R. M. L. Avadh University, Faizabad-224001, U.P., India.

Accepted 18 December, 2024

Chlorofluorocarbons are mainly responsible for the depletion of stratospheric ozone layer which results in increase of UV-B radiation on earth’s environment and causing adverse effects on flora. In the present study we have investigated the effect of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on two cryptogamic plants (Xanthoria elegans and Bryum argenteum) growing at high altitude of central Himalayan region of India. These plants were naturally receiving UV-B radiation and were analyzed for photosynthetic pigments, UV-B absorbing compounds and phenolics. In the field experiments, both of these plants contain higher amounts of UV-B absorbing compounds and phenolics and no major changes in total chlorophyll and carotenoid under UV-B exposed conditions were recorded. B. argenteum contains higher amounts of total chlorophyll, carotenoids, UV-B absorbing compounds and phenolics than the X. elegans at the duration of 120 h. The maximum average UV-B irradiance was 4.38 Minimal Erythemal Dose per hour (MED/ h) at the experimental site while minimum average UV-B irradiance was 1.72 MED/ h. The UV-B absorbing compounds and phenolics provide protection to these plants against UV-B radiation.

Key words: Total chlorophyll, high altitude, pigments, UV-B absorbing compounds, UV-B radiation.
 

Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ISSN 2756-3251, Vol. 16 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Analysis of Urban Heat Island Characteristics in Akure, Nigeria

Ifeoluwa A. Balogun*, Ahmed A. Balogun and Zachariah D. Adeyewa

Department of Meteorology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B 704, Akure 34000 – Nigeria.

Accepted 1 December, 2024

A climatological analysis of the differences in air temperature between rural and urban areas ( Tu-r) corroborates the existence of an urban heat island (UHI) in Akure (7º 25’ N, 5º 20’ E), a tropical city in the south western part of Nigeria. The investigations which have been conducted out of a year-long experiment from fixed point observations focuses on the description of the climatology of urban canopy heat island in the Akure and the analysis of the results were presented. The results show that the nocturnal heat island was more frequent than the daytime heat island as it exists from less intense to higher intensity categories throughout the study period. Nocturnal heat Island intensity was observed to be stronger during the dry season. Although of lower intensity, daytime heat Island exists throughout the day except for few hours in the months of November and December that exhibits a reverse thermal contrast. The daytime heat island is observed to be intense in the wet months than the dry months, which may be caused by the evaporative cooling of wet surfaces. On the average, the urban/ rural thermal differences are positive, varying from 4°C at nocturnal hours during dry months to an approximate of 2°C around noon during wet months. This paper explain the aspects of heat islands and their relation to other causative agents such as the sky view factor (SVF) and also discusses its potential impact on energy demand.

Key words: Urban heat island, sky view factor, energy demand.
 

Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ISSN 2756-3251, Vol. 16 (1), pp. 001-011, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Restoring Soil Health: The Effectiveness of Flushing, Organic Inputs, and Tillage in Saline/Alkaline Soils of Mali

Minamba Bagayoko*, Bréhima Tangara and Mohamed Dicko

Institute of Rural Economy of Mali (IER Mali), Regional Agronomic Research Center of Niono, Natural Resource Management Unit

Accepted December 03, 2024

Abstract

A study was conducted at Niegue seed farm (Near Niono) in the Office du Nieger to determine the combination effects of flushing, organic amendment and soil preparation practices (deep tillage and puddling) on yield and yield components of rice paddy. Treatments comprised (T1) a control plot with recommended fertilization practices, (T2) a technological package comprising manure amendment, deep tillage, flushing after pre-irrigation and puddling, (T3) the technical package without manure and (T4) the technical package without flushing. Irrigation water pH and EC were followed throughout the growing periods during the three-year experimentation. There was high spatial variability in water pH and EC. The pH measurement and EC values indicated the alkalinity status of the experimental site. The tested technological package (T2) had significant impact on paddy yield (5.3, 5.2 and 5.5 t ha-1respctively in yr1, yr2 and yr3) as compared with the control treatment where paddy yields were 4.3, 4.0, and 3.7 t ha-1 respectively the same years which correspond to 23 to 52% yield increase. Removal of both manure amendment and flushing resulted in yield reduction (21 to 35% for manure and 9 to 28 % for flushing). These results showed that manure amendment and flushing were important components of the technological package.

Keywords: Salinity, Alkalinity, Office du Niger, irrigation, flushing, amendment, tillage.