International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 7 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2018. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Study on ultrastructure of Leishmania major and Lizard leishmania

Bahram Kazemi^1,2*, Mohammad Hassan Heidari^1,3, Mehdi Naderi², Abbas Piryaei ^{1, 3}and Mohammad -Reza Nazari -Pouya²

¹Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center -Shahid Beheshti University M.C., Tehran, I.R. Iran.

²Parasitology Department - Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, I.R. Iran.

³Anatomy Department - Shahid Beheshti University M.C., Tehran, I.R. Iran.

Accepted 16 October, 2017

Abstract

We compared ultrastructure of Lizard Leishmania and Leishmania major promastigotes by electron microscope. Leishmania major (MRHO/R64/Nadim1) and Lizard leishmania promastigotes were mass cultured, collected by centrifugation and washed by PBS buffer three times, the ultrastructural features of both Leishmania promastigotes were observed by transmission electron microscope Their subpellicular microtubules diameter and cytoplasmic membrane thickness are identical, but there is difference in two parasites in respect of distance between kinetoplast and flagella. We could not find golgi apparatus in Lizard Leishmania.

Key words: Lizard Leishmania, Leishmania major, Transmission Electron Microscope

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 6 (12), pp. 001-008, December, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Numbers and phenology of the Yellow - legged Gull Larus michahellis in the wetland of Réghaïa

Samia Ouarab¹*, Jean-Francois Voisin², Michel Thevenot³ and Salahedine Doumandji⁴

¹Laboratory of Biologie, University Saâd Dahlab, Blida, Algeria.

²UMS 305, National Natural History Meseum, CP 51 (Mammifères et Oiseaux), 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris.

³University of Montpellier II, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Laboratory of Biogeography et Ecology des Vertebrates, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

⁴Departement of Zoology Agricole et Forestry, Institut Natiional Agronomique, El Harrach, Alger, Algeria.

Accepted 10 July, 2017

Abstract

The Yellow - legged Gull Larus michaellis is a common visitor to the Marsh of Reghaia (Algeria) and breeds off the coast in small numbers on the Agueli islet, a rocky outcrop with scarce vegetation. It is especially frequent in the marsh out of the breeding season, particularly in December (120 individuals) and January (234 individuals) (data from 2004). Gulls breed on the islet: 31 nests were recorded in 2004 but only 14 in 2006, when no chick fledged due to human disturbance. In 2004, 39% of the nests were built by the centre of the islet and only few were located on the western slope exposed to winds blowing from the North, North-west and West. Clutch size varied from 1 to 3 eggs (2 ± 0.93).

Key words: Larus michahellis, numbers, breeding, Algeria.

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 6 (12), pp. 001-009, December, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of inorganic mercury on biochemical parameters in Wistar rat

Sameha Merzoug¹, Mohamed Lamine Toumi², Abdelkader Oumeddour³, Nadia Boukhris⁴, Bruno Baudin⁵, Abdelkrim Tahraoui² and Abdelmadjid Bairi²

¹Institut de Biologie, Centre Universitaire d’El Tarf, Algérie.

²Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie Appliquée, Université Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algérie.

³Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Jijel, Algérie.

⁴Service de Médecine Interne CHU Ibn Sina, Université Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algérie.

⁵Service de Biochimie A, Hospital of Saint – Antoine, 184 rue de Faubourg Saint – Antoine, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France.

Accepted 10 November, 2017

Abstract

The present study has been carried out to investigate the effect of inorganic mercury (mercuric chloride - HgCl₂) exposure on biochemical parameters in adult male rats. 48 rats whose average body weight was about 290 g were included in the experiment. HgCl₂, dissolved in distilled water, was administered per os at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg of body weight daily during 15, 30, 45 or 60 days. Rats receiving distilled water were considered as controls. At the end of each treatment period, the corresponding group of animals (both control and intoxicated groups) was euthanized in order to measure plasma glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total proteins and urea concentrations, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and hepatic glutathione (GSH) level. Our results showed a significant disturbance of ALP activity and uremia throughout the experiment. Plasma triglycerides, cholesterol and total proteins levels were significantly deteriorated following HgCl₂ exposure by day 30. HgCl₂ also induced a hypoglycemia at days 45 and 60. Hepatic GSH content decreased significantly only at day 45 compared to controls. Our study suggests that HgCl₂ is mainly a nephrogenic pollutant and disturbs simultaneously the plasma biochemical profile and the hepatic GSH-related detoxifying system.

Key words: Mercuric chloride, biochemical profile, oxidative stress, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, rat.

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 6 (11), pp. 001-008, November, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Study on sexual maturity and levels of gonad steroid hormones in female kutum Rutilus frisii kutum  

Saeed Shafiei Sabet^1*, Imanpoor, Mohammad, Reza¹, Aminian fatideh, Bagher² and Gorgin, Saeed¹

¹Guilan. Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch. Researcher of young researchers club.

²Guilan, Fishing Technology Department, Mirza Kochak Vocation and Higher Education Center for Fisheries Sciences and Technology.

Accepted 11 August, 2017

Abstract

Sexual maturity and levels of two main steroid hormones in gonads, 17-estradiol (E₂) and testosterone (T) relations which occur in female kutum Rutilus frisii kutum during spawning season from the river Sefid-Rood of the southern Caspian sea were studied using histological and radioimmunoassay. The study was carried out from February to May, 2008 using 105 fish specimen. The results of present study revealed that changes in plasma levels of gonadal steroids, (E₂) and (T) were closely correlated to ovarian development and increased in GSI (p < 0.05). Gonadosomatic index (GSI) was increased in March and reached the highest value (29.47 ± 4.2) in April then decreased sharply in early May. The highest peak of plasma level of (T) and (E₂) showed during spawning season, associated with the highest values of GSI. The results showed that levels of (E₂) and (T) in female kutum at the stage IV of sexual maturity was significantly highest compared to immature gonads (ovary in stages II and III) (p < 0.01). Plasma estradiol (E₂) and (T) levels increased in February, highest levels was observed in March and early April (105.6 ± 75.3 and 29.2 ± 96.6 ng/ml, respectively), and decreased in late April and in early May during the spawning season (p < 0.05).

Key words: kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii, 1901), sex steroid hormones, spawning season, Caspian sea.

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 6 (11), pp. 001-006, November, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Hepatic pathologies in the Brackish water catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) from contaminated locations of the Lagos Lagoon complex

O. M. Olarinmoye^1*, V. O. Taiwo³, E. O. Clarke¹, C. A. Kumolu-Johnson¹, O. J. Aderinola² and F. Adekunbi¹

¹Department of Fisheries, Lagos State University, P. M. B. 1087, Apapa, Lagos, Nigeria.

²Department of Zoology, Lagos State University, P. M. B. 1087, Apapa, Lagos, Nigeria.

³Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Accepted 21 September, 2017

Abstract

Several toxicological studies into the effects of aquatic pollutants on the liver of teleost fish exist in literature. The focus on the liver in these studies is predicated on its central nature in the scheme of biotransformation and excretion of xenobiotics following exposure in polluted water bodies. As a consequence of the latter primary role of the liver in these processes it is regarded as a predilective site for the sub lethal effects of xenobiotics on the organism usually detectable at histological level. Hepatic histopathology recorded in livers from feral populations of the brackish water catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from locations on the Lagos lagoon complex with significant anthropogenic inputs from denizen populations and industries are presented. Liver sections from sixty specimens from two locations on the Lagos lagoon complex (Badagry lagoon: 6°24’N, 2°56’E; and Lagos lagoon: 6°29’N, 3°22’E) were analysed. Observed pathologies included hydropic degeneration (58%), portal / sinusoidal congestion (33%), hepatic necrosis (26%), hemosiderosis (12%) and foci of cellular alterations (FCA’s). No obvious oncologic features were observed; the presence of the hydropic Vacuolation lesion was taken as prelude to the development of neoplasms and discussed as such.

Key words: Liver, pathology, fish, toxicology, water quality.