International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics ISSN 2756-3650 Vol. 10 (6), pp. 001-015, June, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of Myo-inositol Effects upon Frozen-Thawed Bovine Sperm Quality

Verón, Gustavo Luis¹, Paladea, Rocío¹, Bello, Ricardo², Manjon, Ania Antonella¹, Monti, Juan Ignacio³  and Vazquez-Levin, Mónica Hebe^1,*

¹Laboratorio de Estudios de Interacción Celular en Reproducción y Cáncer. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (National Research Council of Argentina; CONICET) – Fundación IBYME (FIBYME), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

²Departamento de Metodología, Estadística y Matemática, Universidad de Tres de Febrero, Sáenz Peña, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

³CIAVT (Cooperativa de Inseminación Artificial de Venado Tuerto). Venado Tuerto Artificial Insemination Center, Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe, Argentina.

Abstract

Accepted 29 April, 2021 

Despite great advances in standardization of bovine sperm cryopreservation, frozen-thawed sperm quality is commonly suboptimal. Semen supplementation with various compounds has been addressed to overcome the negative impact of cryopreservation upon sperm quality. While a mild enhancement in human semen parameters was reported after Myo-inositol (MI) supplementation, information is still scarce. This work aimed to evaluate the impact of MI supplementation (2mg/mL) upon sperm quality in frozen-thawed bovine sperm from 9 bulls (breeds: 5 dairy, 4 beef). Evaluations included assessment of total/progressively motile sperm and kinematic parameters (Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis), sperm vitality, membrane osmotic competence, acrosomal status, chromatin compaction and DNA fragmentation. As a result, an increase (P<0.05) in sperm kinematic parameters (VSL, VCL, VAP, LIN, STR, ALH, BCF, WOB and MAD) was found in sperm suspensions after MI supplementation, although total or progressive motility did not significantly increase. Based on the MI Response Index, 3/9 bulls showed >60% improvement in progressive motility, and 6/9>30% improvement. MI supplementation did not alter sperm vitality, membrane osmotic competence, acrosome status, chromatin compaction and DNA fragmentation. In summary, MI supplementation of frozen-thawed bovine spermatozoa led to a significant improvement in flagellum movement, as evidenced by the increase in sperm kinematics values.

Key words: Bovine, cryopreservation, frozen-thawed, sperm, CASA, Myo-inositol.

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics ISSN: 2756-3650 Vol. 10 (4), pp. 001-010, April, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Seed germination of java plum (Syzigium cumnii) in three provenances western Kenya

J. L. Okuto and G. Ouma*

Department of Botany, Maseno University, P. O. Box 333, Maseno, Kenya.

Accepted 23 October, 2020

Abstract

Indigenous fruits are very important as sources of food security, balanced households nutrition. Deforestation poses a serious threat to their survival. Domestication of these trees can be successful only if successful propagation techniques are applied. In Kenya Syzigium cuminii has become a very important indigenous fruit tree for local consumption and income generation and it mainly grows in Siaya, Vihiga and Kisumu districts. Studies were conducted in Maseno, Kenya (2004 - 2005) to investigate variation of seed germination of S. cuminii in three districts (provenances) mentioned above. The experimental design used was completely randomized design. The treatments included different watering regimes and light and darkness durations respectively. The results showed that both light and irrigation regimes significantly (P 0.05) increased the germination of S. cuminii but 24 h darkness inhibited it. The best treatment was 12 h light. S. cuminii seeds are therefore photodormant since they require light to germinate. There was no variation of seed germination among the districts (provenances).

Key words: Light, water, photodormancy, provenance, germination.

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics ISSN: 2756-3650 Vol. 10 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Identification and genetic mapping of elongated uppermost internode gene ‘eui’ with microsatellite markers in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Pawan Khera¹*, M. G. Gangashetti^{1, 2}, Sukhpal Singh^1,3, K. Ulaganathan⁴, H. E. Shashidhar¹ and W. H. Freeman¹

¹Barwale Foundation, Research and Training Centre, Hyderabad, India.

²Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Hyderabad, India.

³Advanta India Limited, Hyderabad, India.

⁴Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

Accepted 09 December, 2020

Abstract

Development of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines with elongated uppermost internode (EUI) trait is a desirable alternative to eliminate the use of GA₃ in hybrid rice production. In this study, a simple and reliable PCR based, simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers was identified, for the eui gene to facilitate marker assisted selection (MAS). A total of 28 SSR markers, mapped in the vicinity of the genomic clone AC130605 (PD0010D04), were chosen for assessing the polymorphism between IR58025B and IR91-1591-3. A set of 151 F₂ plants derived from the cross IR58025B/IR91-1591-3 were surveyed using 15 polymorphic SSR markers. Analysis using MAPMAKER 3.0 revealed that seven SSR markers viz., RM6054, RM3870, RM3476, RM5970, RM7801, RM7446 and RM3620 were linked with eui locus at the genetic distance ranging from 1.0 to 7.1 cM with EUI phenotype. Furthermore, these markers were validated in – F₂ (IR58025A/IR91-1591-3) and backcross (IR58025B/IR91-1591-2//IR58025B) population segregating for eui gene. The SSR markers reported in this study might be useful for the incorporation of eui gene into CMS lines of rice through marker-assisted backcrossing.

Key words: Rice, cytoplasmic male sterility, elongated uppermost internode, microsatellites, marker assisted selection, panicle exsertion.

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics ISSN: 2756-3650 Vol. 10 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature embryo of sweet corn inbred line

Pitipong Thobunluepop

Faculty of Technology, Department of Agricultural Technology, Mahasarakham University, Talard Sub-District, Muang District, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand, 44000. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 21 August, 2020

Abstract

Synthetic seed consisting of somatic embryos enclosed in protective coating are a suitable tool for clonal mass propagation of elite plant varieties. The in vitro study was aimed to evaluate the optimizing medium for sweet corn somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seed production which leads to increasing germination and seed viability percentage. The in vitro study was aimed to evaluate the optimizing medium for sweet corn somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seed production which leads to increasing germination and seed viability percentage. Sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) variety FAH01 embryogenic callus were derived from culturing immature zygotic embryos at 11 days after pollination on N6 medium that contained 2, 4- D 2 mgl^-1 and sucrose 60 gl^-1. Somatic embryos was developed after transferred embryogenic callus to N6 medium contained with 2 mgl^-1 2, 4- D and 30 gl^-1 sucrose. Sweet corn synthetic seed was produced by somatic embryos encapsulated into a protective calcium -alginate matrix with provides mechanical support, protection and is coated with a wax film to prevent desiccation. Synthetic seed were produced, it was found that when synthetic seed were treated with 60 gl^-1 sucrose and stored at 15 ± 2 degree Celsius for 2 weeks, the percentage of germination of synthetic seeds were 42%, percentage of normal seedling was 91% and abnormal seedling was 8%, and they germinated for 8 - 9 days and could produce normal plantlet. When the synthetic seed were dehydrated by silica gel until remained 60% of their moisture content and then stored for 2 weeks, they could germinated at level 23%, which 83% of normal seedling and 17% of abnormal seedling. The survival ratio in sweet corn synthetic seed in this investigation indicated that there is still some more research required to increase number of the survival seeds and the optimum storage technique to prolong their viability is also needed.

Key words: Somatic embryo, synthetic seed, sweet corn, artificial seed, tissue culture.

International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 9 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Anopheles species abundances, composition and vectoral competence in six areas of Lagos: Nigeria

Okwa OO*, Rasheed A, Adeyemi A, Omoyeni M, Oni L, Fayemi A, and Ogunwomoju A.

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, P.M.B. 001, LASU post office, Nigeria.

Accepted 08 November, 2012

Abstract 

Malaria is a problem in Nigeria and the risk exists throughout the country. Anopheles mosquitoes have been incriminated as the major malaria vectors. Vectors competence, however, differs from one species to another and from place to place. The present study reports the species abundance, composition and vectoral competence of Anopheles species in six areas of Lagos in Nigeria. The human blood index (HBI) and sporozoite rates (SR) were the components of vectoral competence. Human landing catches was used in collection. Species identification morphologically and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out on mosquitoes. Enzyme linked immuno- arsorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine–sporozoite infected Anopheles and their blood meal origin. Anopheles gambiae s.s. was found to be most widespread and competent vector in all the six areas. The highest proportions of female Anopheles caught were from Alimosho area (49.8%), but they were mainly with no blood meal (47.9%). In Ajeromi, 85.7% of the female Anopheles had blood meals. Anopheles in Agege area, however, had the highest HBI. Sporozoite rate was highest in Mushin but lowest in Agege. The other Anopheles species were less relatively competent compared to Anopheles gambiae s.s, Anopheles funestus s.s was the second predominant and competent vector in all the areas. Anopheles moucheti nigeriensis was collected from Ajeromi and Amuwo Odofin areas alone and carried sporozoites in the two areas. Ojo area was identified as the most endemic because of the HBI 61.6% and SR of 62.9%. The present study has provided baseline data for formulating control programmes in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Key words: Anopheles Species, vectoral competence, mosquitoes, malaria, Lagos–Nigeria, Human blood index, sporozoite rate.