ISSN 2756-3650
Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 9 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Ecology of Andaman Sea: Past, present and future
PAI IK
Department of Zoology, Goa University. Goa-403 206, India. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 13 October, 2012
Abstract
The marine resources are a major source of food, a reservoir of minerals, major suppliers of oxygen, regulator of climate and also an ultimate dumping ground for the mounting burden of human waste material. Due to unchecked anthropogenic activity in recent years, the physico-chemical and biological status of the marine environments have changed significantly, which in turn resulted in the changing environmental scenario of the world. The Bay of Bengal, of which Andaman sea is a part, is one of the largest Bay in the world known to receive large flow of sediments from several rivers and other water bodies from India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Indonesia etc., Many of these rivers bring along with them, a large quantity of effluents from cities / towns located on either side of these rivers, thus making the Bay nutrient rich. This Bay also plays a major role in determining the climatic conditions of India and other South East Asian countries. Thus its ecology is of paramount interest. Apart from the above, the Bay is also known for its oligotrophic nature as well as low productivity, thus resulting in high diversity of flora and fauna. In addition to the above, the marine zooplankton species, known to act as bioindicators, indicates the quality of water / environment. The ecological status of the Bay has a direct bearing on the lifescape of the Bay, and therefore, a study was undertaken to understand the ecological status of the Bay and to understand the marine bio-indicators, that will throw light on the status of abiotic factors of the Bay. Based on the observations, the study recommends certain appropriate measures to be taken to conserve the ecology of one of the largest Bay in the world.
Key words: Ecology, Andaman Sea, zooplankton.
PAI IK
Page: 1 - 4
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1162Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 9 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The effects of feeding liquid acid whey in the diet of lactating dairy cows on milk production and composition
M. Ben Salem1* and M. Fraj2
1INRAT, Laboratory of Animal and Forage Productions rue Hédi Karray, 2049 Ariana, Tunisia.
2Ecole Supérieure d’Agriculture de Mateur, Tunisia.
Accepted 21 October, 2015
Abstract
Eighteen Holstein dairy cows averaging 141 days in milk were used in a complete randomized design to determine the effects of feeding liquid acid whey (LAW) on milk production and composition. Animals received a diet consisting of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum., L), wheat straw and concentrate (Control). Treatments were control and control plus 40 liters/cow/day of LAW. Daily individual Dry Matter Intake (DMI) and milk production were measured. Diet digestibility was determined using the total collection method. Results showed that LAW increased (P<0.05) DMI. However, in vivo dry and organic matter digestibilities were not affected by whey feeding. 4% fat corrected milk (FCM) and milk fat and protein yields were higher (P<0.05) for cows fed the whey (15.4 and 14.6 kg/day and 592 vs. 555 g/day and 486 vs. 462 g/day for milk and yields of milk fat and proteins, respectively) . Milk composition was similar (P>0,05) for both treatments. It can be concluded that including LAW in dairy diets, in a partial replacement of the concentrate, significantly improved FCM and milk fat and protein yields without affecting milk composition.
Key words: Dairy cow, whey, milk yield, milk composition.
M. Fraj, M. Ben Salem*
Page: 1 - 4
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1161Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evidence of multiple preovulatory LH and FSH surges in mithun (Bos frontalis)
Dhali A1*, Mishra DP2, Mech A1, Prakash B1 and Rajkhowa C1
1N. R. C. Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland – 797 106, India.
2Department of Pharmacology, 360D, Med Surge II, UC, Irvine, CA-92697, USA.
Accepted 17 July, 2015
Abstract
The experiment was conducted on 14 postpartum mithun (Bos frontalis) cows to establish the preovu-latory LH and FSH surge patterns during estrus in peripheral circulation. Blood samples from jugular vein were collected every 2 h until 72 h and on alternate days till day 22 (day 0 = day of estrus) following the day of estrus onset. Plasma progesterone (P4), LH and FSH levels were estimated. Plasma P4 profile of the estrous cycle indicated that all the animals were ovulated following the onset of estrus. Also plasma LH and FSH concentrations were found to be significantly (p<0.01) higher around estrus. Two different preovulatory LH and FSH surge patterns were observed during the study. Pattern-1 indicated multiple and concomitant LH and FSH rises during estrus (43% animals, 6 out of 14), while pattern-2 showed multiple LH rises without concomitant FSH rises during estrus (57% animals, 8 out of 14). The basal concentrations of LH and FSH, the area under LH and FSH curves and the number of LH peak did not vary significantly during estrus between the patterns. However, the amplitude of LH and FSH peaks (p<0.05) and the number of FSH peak (p<0.01) were found to be significantly higher during estrus in pattern-1. The result indicated that the multiple preovulatory LH surges along with increased FSH activities were responsible for ovulation in mithun.
Key words: LH surge, FSH surge, estrus, mithun.
Dhali A*, Prakash B and Rajkhowa C, Mishra DP, Mech A
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1160Review
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Buffalo as a potential food animal
G. Kandeepan1*, S. Biswas2 and R. S. Rajkumar3
1National Research Centre on Yak, Dirang, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh 790101, India.
2West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700037, India.
3Division of Post Harvest Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India.
Accepted 13 December, 2015
Abstract
Indian sub-continent is the home tract of world buffaloes. Buffalo is the only potential animal that can boost meat industry in India. Buffalo meat is the healthiest meat among red meats known for human consumption since it is low in calories and cholesterol. Buffalo meat is well comparable to beef in many of the physicochemical, nutritional, functional properties and palatability attributes. Meat from buffalo is called by various terminologies in different countries according to the age of slaughter. Buffaloes have a unique ability to utilise coarse feeds, straws and crop residues converting them into protein rich lean meat. The carcass composition varies with dressing percentage of buffalo carcasses. The dark buffalo meat possesses good binding properties and is preferred in product manufacture. Buffalo meat is the major item of Indian animal product export. Adequate nutrition and improved levels of hygiene at meat handling will enable India a quantum jump in meat production by utilizing the surplus male calves. Massive developmental programmes have to be launched to produce meat as the principal commodity from buffaloes for substantially increasing the livestock economy of the country.
Keywords: Buffalo, food animal, carabeef, black gold.
S. Biswas and R. S. Rajkumar, G. Kandeepan*
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1159Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 9 (1), pp. 001-012, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
An empirical study of the sheep meat production with fuzzy logic
T. Koutroumanidis1, E. Zafeiriou1* and S. Sofios2
1Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Rural Development, Pantazidou 193, Orestiada 68200, Greece.
2Averof 20 Trikala 42100, Greece.
Accepted 28 August, 2015
Abstract
In this paper, an effort was made in order to classify the European Union (EU) countries according to the quantity of the sheep meat production. In particular, the implementation of Fuzzy classification, indicated three sheep meat production classes in EU, according to their percentage of accession. Furthermore, the convergence in the sheep meat production for the same group with the application of a panel unit root test was studied. The next step involved the application of a unit root test to each time series studied. For all the I(1) time series we then proceeded the application of the Johansen cointegration technique within each group. According to the results of the aforementioned technique we confirmed one cointegrating vector in every group, indicating a relation in the long run between the domestic production of each country within each group. Finally, the application of Granger causality test confirmed in some cases that the domestic sheep meat production of a country affects and is affected by other countries within the same group.
Key words: European Union, Granger causality, Fuzzy classification, sheep meat production.
E. Zafeiriou* and S. Sofios, T. Koutroumanidis
Page: 1 - 12
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1158Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 9 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Lifestyle and herding practices of Bahima pastoralists in Uganda
M. Wurzinger1,3*, D. Ndumu1,2,3, A. M. Okeyo3, J. Sölkner1
1BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Gregor- Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria.
2National Animal Genetic Resources Centre & Data Bank, Entebbe, Uganda. 3ILRI – International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Accepted 26 August, 2019
Abstract
The Bahima in South Western Uganda used to move with their Ankole cattle, but nowadays most of them are settled. The Ankole cattle with its huge and white horns play a keyrole in the livelihoods of these families. This importance is reflected in the status of the cattle. These animals are multi-purpose animals, kept for milk and meat production, as a saving or are given away as dowry. Nowadays cattle keepers own their private land where they can graze their herds, which are still accompanied by a herdsman and guided by him to watering points. Responsibilities are shared between family members and hired workers. Although the lifestyle has changed dramatically over the last decades, cattle keepers are willing to keep these wonderful animals in the near future and preserve their heritage for future generations.
Key words: Pastoralism, Uganda, cattle, Bahima.
D. Ndumu, M. Wurzinger*, A. M. Okeyo, J. Sölkner
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1157