African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-005, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Susceptibility of Corynebacterum spp. responsible for bovine mastits against commonly used antibiotics in Kuku dairy farms, Sudan

Nuol Aywel Madut¹ and Atif Elamin Abdel Gadir²*

¹Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bahar Elgazal, Sudan.

²Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

Accepted 24 January, 2020

Abstract

A study on bovine mastitis due to Corynebacterium spp. showed that out of 2283 quarter milk samples, 224 (9.81%) gave positive reactivity to California mastitis test, while 600 (26.28%) and 1459 (63.9%) recorded as doubtful and negative respectively. Two hundred and five bacterial isolates were recovered from milk samples examined, the isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus spp. 107 (52.5%), Streptococcus spp. 25 (12.3%), Enterobacterium spp. 4 (2%) Lactobacillus spp. 4 (2%), Coryneform bacteria 27 (13.2%). The Coryneform bacteria tested was found to be 100% resistant to penicillin G except Corynebacterium ulcer’s (60%). In contrast Gentamycin was the drug of choice for Coryneform (Resistant=0.0 %).

Key words: Bovine mastitis, Corynbacterum spp., antibiotics, Sudan.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Occurrence of nematodiasis in Holstein Friesian dairy breed

Adem Hiko¹* and Anteneh Wondimu²

¹Department of Veterinary Epidemiology, Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, P. O. Box 289-Haramaya University, Ethiopia.

²Department of Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, P. O. Box 138-Dire Dawa-Ethiopia.

Accepted 16 March, 2020

Abstract

Study was conducted from October 2008 to April 2009 to assess the prevalence of nematodes in Haramaya University dairy farm, Ethiopia. Coprological method (floatation, fecal culture and EPG) were used. Of 172 Holstein Friesian breed examined animals, 54% were positive with 18, 57 and 62% prevalence in calves, heifers and adult, respectively showing significant difference (P<0.05) where odds of nematode is 6 in heifers and 7 in adult, than in calves. Overall EPG prevalence of 35.5% of which 15.7% low and 19.8% moderate infections were observed. EPG prevalence of 10, 35 and 44% were registered in calves, heifers and adult, respectively. Major prevalent genera’s are Trichostrongylus (37%), Haemonchus (11.6%), Oesophagostomum (11%), Stronglyloides (6%), Trichuris (1.2%), Cooperia (2.3%) and Lungworm (0.5%) using fecal culture. Thirty (17.44%) of animals was infected with pair of identified genera’s. Hence, nematodes are prevalent in the farm; management and age were found as important risk factors for incidence. No heavy but, moderate infections were observed. This results in sub-clinical case which reduced animal performance and increase susceptible to other disease without notice from economic point of view. Therefore, indoor feeding, strategic deworming, rotational grazing with further study on the impact of nematodes in dairy animals are recommended.

Key words: Nematodes, prevalence, fecal culture, EPG, dairy farm, Haramaya University.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 8 (3), pp. 001-003, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Blood profiles from wild populations of green sea turtles in Taiwan

Chia-ling Fong, Ho-Chang Chen, I-Jiunn Cheng*

Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, 202-24, Republic of China.

Accepted 08 December, 2019

Abstract

Blood samples were obtained from twenty seven clinically healthy bycatched green turtles (Chelonia mydas). The packed cell volume (PCV) and 14 plasma biochemistry parameters were determined from these samples. The PCV values were lower in sub-adult green turtles than in the adults while the plasma AST concentration was higher in the sub -adults than in the adults. These variations may be due to the age of the turtle and the period of the year when the samples were taken. The results of this study provide the first plasma biochemistry baseline profiles for free-ranging green sea turtles in Taiwan.

Key words: Green sea turtle, plasma biochemistry baseline, Taiwan.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 8 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Protective efficacy of commercial live vaccines against very virulent infectious Bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) in Ghana

H. R. Otsyina¹*, J. Amakye-Anim² and K. G. Aning¹

¹Animal Research Institute, CSIR, P. O. BOX AH 20. Achimota, Accra – Ghana.

²La Veterinary Hospital, P. O. Box C2402. Cantoments, Accra, Ghana.

Accepted 09 September, 2019

Abstract

In spite of the intensive and varied vaccination procedures to control Infectious Bursa Disease (IBD), the emergence of a very virulent (vv) IBD pathotype in Ghana has led to high economic losses in the poultry industry. The potencies of two live intermediate IBD vaccine strains (TAD and Nobilis D78) and an intermediate-plus (hot) vaccine strain (228E) used in Ghana were evaluated by challenging Specific Antibody Negative (SAN) chicks with a vvIBD virus (LV/G19) which was recently isolated in Ghana. Serum samples were obtained from all chicks before vaccination and virus challenge. Antibody titres were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Body weight, bursal weight and bursa to body weight measurements were also taken. All vaccinated chicks were fully protected from the vvIBD virus, as neither morbidity nor mortality was observed in the vaccinated chicks after challenge. The intermediate–plus (hot) IBD vaccine elicited the highest antibody titers but caused reduction in the size of the bursa of Fabricius. Taken together, the results of this study showed that vaccines currently in use in Ghana can protect chicken against the locally-isolated vvIBD virus.

Key words: Infectious bursal disease, vaccine efficacy, intermediate, intermediate-plus (hot).

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Seroprevalence of foot and mouth disease in Bench Maji zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

Esayas Gelaye¹*, Gelagay Ayelet¹, Tsegalem Abera² and Kassahun Asmare²

¹National Veterinary Institute, P. O. Box: 19, Debre zeit, Ethiopia.

²Hawassa University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P. O. Box: 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Accepted 13 September, 2019

Abstract

A cross-sectional sero -epidemological study was conducted in two districts of the Bench Maji Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia between November 2007 and February 2008 with the objective of determining the seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in cattle and identifying the potential risk factors associated with the disease. Sera samples were collected from a total of 273 cattle in 98 herds. The sera were submitted to the National Veterinary Institute (NVI), Debre zeit, Ethiopia for screening using the 3ABC-ELISA. The overall seroprevalence of FMD was 12.08% (n=273) . Significantly higher seroprevalence (20%) was recorded in the Surma district compared to the Semen Bench district (5.88%). Peasant associations (equivalent to villages in a district) had prevalence rates of 25, 20, 15, 8.16, 5.66 and 3.92% for Kibish, Tulgit, Koka, Aman, Mizan and Temenja-yasz respectively. From the various risk factors analyzed peasant associations, cross boundary movement and herd size were seen to be statistically associated (p<0.05) with the seroprevalence of FMD. There was no significant variation in seroprevalence among sex, age and herd type. The result of the present study showed that FMD is an important cattle disease in the study area. Thus, an appropriate control strategy has to be designed and applied which could involve regulation of transboundary cattle movement and vaccination using the circulating virus strain.

Key words: Bench Maji zone, cattle, FMD, risk factors, sero-epidemiology.