African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production

Key word: Goat, haematology, management, sex.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 6 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Prevalence of canine Dirofilaria immitis infection in the city of Algiers, Algeria

Ben-Mahdi Meriem-Hind* and Madani Mohamed

Veterinary National Superior School of Algiers, P. O. Box 161, Hacène Badi, El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.

Accepted 17 March, 2019

Abstract

Heartworm disease is caused by Dirofilaria immitis a zoonotic, vector-borne parasite and one of the most pathogenic nematode parasites of the dog. The epidemiological status of this parasitosis in Algeria stays to this day unknown even though this country has the ideal biotope to the development of this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of D. immitis infection in dogs from Algiers, in the north of Algeria. Blood samples were collected from 184 dogs from November 2006 to September 2007 and were examined by the modified Knott method to detect circulating microfilaria. A total of 34 subjects were microfilaria positive, giving a prevalence value of 18.48%. All the samples were further tested by antigen-ELISA in order to detect dogs with prepatent or occult heartworm infections. The prevalence rose to 24.46% (with 45 seropositives dogs). More male (14.13%) than female (10.33%) dogs were affected in this study, although there was no significant difference between both groups. With regard to general health status, our data showed a high prevalence of 18.48% of asymptomatic carriers of the parasite D. immitis, only 5.98% of the positive samples were from unhealthy dogs. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). This first report on the status of D. Immitis infection in domestic dogs in Algiers, suggests that heartworm treatment and adequate prophylaxis should be undertaken to control D. Immitis infection in the canine population of Algiers city in Algeria.

Keywords: Dirofilaria immitis, prevalence, ELISA, sexe distribution, dogs, Algiers.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 6 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Parsing demographic effects of canine parvovirus on a Minnesota wolf population

L. David Mech^1,2* and Sagar M. Goyal³

¹U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, 8711 – 37^th St. SE, Jamestown, ND  58401-7317, USA.

²The Raptor Center, 1920 Fitch Ave., University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota  55108, USA.

²College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota  55108, USA.

Accepted 19 January, 2019

Abstract

We examined 35 years of relationships among wolf (Canis lupus) pup survival, population change and canine parvovirus (CPV) seroprevalence in northeastern Minnesota to determine when CPV exerted its strongest effects. Using correlation analysis of data from five periods of 7-years each from 1973 through 2007, we learned that the strongest effect of CPV on pup survival (r = -0.73) and on wolf population change (r = -0.92) was during 1987 to 1993. After that, little effect was documented despite a mean CPV seroprevalence from 1994 of 2007 of 70.8% compared with 52.6% during 1987 to 1993. We conclude that after CPV became endemic and produced its peak effect on the study population, that population developed enough immunity to withstand the disease.

Key words: Canine parvovirus, Canis lupus, CPV, demography, population, survival, wolf.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 6 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Bovine colostrum: A veterinary nutraceutical

N. N. Pandey, A. A. Dar*, D. B. Mondal and L. Nagaraja

Veterinary Medicine Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, U.P, India.

Accepted 03 March, 2019

Abstract

Colostrum is the lacteal secretion produced after parturition and plays an important role in post-natal health as an immune booster. In addition to nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals, bovine colostrum contains several biologically active molecules that are essential for specific functions. Bioactive components like growth factors promote the growth and development of the newborn while antimicrobial factors provide passive immunity and protection against infections during the first weeks of life. It has been proven as an effective nutraceutical for the enhancement of immune function in a diverse range of animal species. No side effects or drug interactions have been reported with high quality colostrum supplementation, making it an exceptionally safe and useful nutraceutical product.

Key words: Bovine colostrum, nutrient profile, bioreactive components, functional food.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 6 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A study on the prevalence, distribution and economic importance of Cysticercus tenuicollis in visceral organs of small ruminants slaughtered at an abattoir in Ethiopia

Anteneh Wondimu, Daniel Abera and Yacob Hailu

Department of Clinical Studies, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, P. O. Box 138 Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.

Accepted 10 January, 2019

Abstract

This study reports on detection and prevalence of Cysticercus tenuicollis in slaughtered sheep and goats at abattoirs of Ethiopia. A total of 1152 sheep and goats (576 sheep and 576 goats) were randomly sampled and examined postmortem after slaughter for presence of C. tenuicollis in the visceral organs of the animals using standard meat inspection procedures. Out of 1152 animals examined 127 livers were destroyed as a consequence of gross lesions induced by the C. tenuicollis. The economical loss is estimated to be 65,269.89 USD or 1,044,317.79 ETB per year. Out of the 576 goats and 576 sheep inspected for visceral organs, C. tenuicollis was found in 63.9% of goats (n=368) and 56.8% of sheep (n=327), respectively. Adult goats (68.8%) and sheep (61.5%) were more infested than kids (59.03%) and lambs (52.1%), respectively. Goats (68.1%) and sheep (60.1%) from highland areas were more infested than goats (59.7%) and sheep (53.5%) from lowland areas. This study also shows that C. tenuicollis is more frequently detected in the omentum of goats and sheep than any other visceral organs. Appropriate control measures need to be introduced to reduce the prevalence of these parasites in small ruminants.

Key words: Abattoir, Cysticercus tenuicollis, Ethiopia, goats, sheep, prevalence.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 6 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Management of surgical wounds using crude neem oil in one year old ram: A successful report

Bwala D. G.*, Elisha I. L., Habu K. A., Dogonyaro B. B. and Kaikabo A. A.

National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B. 01, Vom. Plateau State, Nigeria.

Accepted 19 September, 2018

Abstract

Wound healing effect of crude neem (AZADIRACHTA INDICA Juss) oil, processed locally from the seed kernel was assessed on septic surgical wound in a one year old Uda ram. A wound approximately 7 cm in diameter created as a result of surgical drainage of abscess on the left caudal part of the elbow joint was flushed with the crude neem oil. A single application of the crude neem oil to the sutured wound resulted in a complete healing after seven days without systemic or topical application of antibiotics. Wound infection and dehiscence were not observed and the animal’s appetite improved significantly after the intervention and treatment. Thus, the study reveals crude neem oil may act as a cheaper, more convenient and effective wound healing oil in animals, especially, in the rural areas where veterinary services and/or orthodox chemically-based animal medicaments may not be readily available.

Key words: Neem oil, ram, small ruminant, wound healing.