ISSN 2756-3286
Research Article
Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-010, April, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Effect of skin contact treatments on the aroma profile and chemical components of mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) wines
Supachai Samappito1 and Luchai Butkhup2*
1Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand.
2Laboratory Equipment Center, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand.
Accepted 14 December, 2023
Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the effect of extended skin contact time on the sensory properties of mulberry wine. Aroma components were analyzed by headspace–solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS–SPME/GC–MS). The contents in aroma compounds were related to the skin contact time. Compared with immediate pressing and 6 h skin contact, 12 h skin contact improved the sensory characteristics. Skin contact slightly increased some aroma attributes, including phenylethyl alcohol, 1-decanol, 3-ethoxy-1-propanol, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl hexanoate, and ethyl butyrate. Attributes such as fruity, solvent, floral and fatty had a significant increase in wines elaborated with skin contact. In the present work, the aromatic profile of mulberry wine was first characterized. With regard to the overall aromatic characteristics and quality, the skin contact wines gave better aroma than the control wine.
Key words: Mulberry, aromatic compound, skin contact.
Supachai Samappito, Luchai Butkhup
https://doi.org/10.46882/AFST/1151Research Article
Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Evaluation of the biochemical effects of auxins on nutritional quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon), genotype JM 94/47
C. O. Olaiya1*, K. O. Soetan2 and N. S. Ogunkolade3
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
3Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, State, Nigeria.
Accepted 16 November, 2023
Abstract
The effect of Indole-3- acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 60, 100 and 140 mg/L was evaluated on some biochemical indices of the nutritional quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon). The parameters evaluated were crude proteins, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, dry matter, titratable acidity, total carbohydrate, total soluble solids (oBrix), pH and oBrix/Acid ratio. The results showed that all the concentrations of IAA, IBA and NAA increased the levels of crude proteins, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, titratable acidity but decreased the total carbohydrate content. A decrease in dry matter content was evident in 60 mg/L of IAA, IBA, NAA and 100 mg/L of NAA. The pH of tomato pulp decreased in treatments involving 100 mg/L of IAA and 140 mg/L of IAA and NAA respectively. The total soluble solid content and oBrix/Acid ratio were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 100 mg/L NAA treatment. The results indicated that the bioregulators could enhance the basic tomato nutrients of importance in human diet.
Keywords: Indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid, nutritional quality, tomato.
C. O. Olaiya, K. O. Soetan, S. Ogunkolade
https://doi.org/10.46882/AFST/1150Research Article
Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Occurrence of some enteropathogenic bacteria in some minimally and fully processed ready - to - eat foods in Kano metropolis, Nigeria
Bukar, A.1*, Uba, A.2 and Oyeyi, T. I.1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Bayero University, PMB 3011, Kano.
2Biological Sciences Programme, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi.
Accepted 21 December, 2023
Abstract
Twelve (12) different food types consisting of six (6) fully processed and six (6) minimally processed ready – to – eat foods sourced from different areas of Kano metropolis were analysed for the presence of enteropathogenic bacteria from June – August, 2009. Enumeration of aerobic mesophilic bacteria using the aerobic plate count (APC) revealed that the mean count for all foods examined except zobo drink, exceeded the maximum acceptable limit (105 cfu/g/ml) set by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. The highest mean count of 1.60 x 107 cfu/g was obtained for tomato (minimally processed food), while the least count of 2.49 x 104 cfu/ml was recorded for zobo drink (fully processed food). Out of a total of 60 food samples analysed, Escherichia coli recorded the highest frequency of occurrence of 24 (46.6%), followed by V. cholerae with 15 (25.0%) while Salmonella typhi recorded the least occurrence rate of 6 (10.0%). Overall, the fully processed foods were observed to be less contaminated with enteropathogenic bacteria than the minimally processed foods. The results indicated that most of the ready – to – eat food samples examined in this study did not meet bacteriological quality standards. The implications of the results on human and environmental health are discussed.
Keywords: Enteropathogenic, bacteria, ready - to - eat, food, Kano.
Bukar A., Uba A., Oyeyi T. I.
https://doi.org/10.46882/AFST/1149Research Article
Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 12 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2024. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Assessing Food Safety and Intestinal Parasite Prevalence among Food Handlers in Mekelle University Student’s Cafeteria, Mekelle: A Study on Hygiene Practices and Parasitic Infections
Daniel Nigusse1 and Abera Kumie2
1Mekelle University, Public Health Department, P.O. Box.1871, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
2School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Accepted 28 May, 2023
Abstract
An adequate supply of safe and wholesome food is essential to the health and well-being of humans. Reports indicate that approximately 10 to 20% of food-borne disease outbreaks are due to contamination by the food handlers. The objective of this study was to assess food handlers practice on food hygiene and describe prevalence of intestinal parasites among food handlers working in Mekelle University student’s Cafeteria. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in student’s cafeteria of Mekelle University in January 2011. A total of 277 food handlers were used to collect data using structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Simple random sampling technique with population proportion to size allocation was used to identify study subjects. Stool samples of 229 were collected and subjected to microscopic examination to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites through both direct and formol-saline ether sedimentation technique. The prevalence of intestinal parasites among the study groups was 49.4%. Food handlers working in Ayder campus [AOR: 20.15, 95% CI: (4.40-91.8)] and having good knowledge on food hygiene [AOR: 3.61, 95% CI: (1.51-8.65] were determinants for the practice of food handlers on food hygiene. The logistic regression analysis result also indicated that utilization of soap during hand washing [AOR: 0.15, 95% CI (0.06-0.38)], washing hands after toilet [AOR: 0.06, 95% CI (0.02-0.14)], practice of medical checkup [AOR: 0.47, 95% CI (0.22-0.97)] and history of de-worming [AOR: 0.25, 95% CI (0.11-0.54)] were determinants for intestinal parasitic infection. There existed poor food hygiene practice among food handlers. The learned behavior did not match with the intended hygienic practice. Hand washing practice after toilet, utilization of soap, medical checkup and de-worming history of the respondents were determinants for intestinal parasite infections. This study also found high prevalence of intestinal parasites among food handlers. The provision of food safety measures focusing on personal hygiene and periodical medical checkups is highly advised.
Keywords: Food handler, intestinal parasites, protozoa, helminthiasis, and University cafeteria.
Abera Kumie, Daniel Nigusse
https://doi.org/10.46882/AFST/1148Research Article
Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 12 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2024. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluating microbial safety of Kunun-Zaki beverages in Girei Town: A comprehensive study in Adamawa State, Nigeria
Elmahmood, A. M.* and Doughari, J. H.
Department of Microbiology, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Federal University of Technology, PMB 2076 Yola 640002, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Accepted 13 August, 2023
Abstract
Thirty Kunun- zaki samples were obtained as freshly formulated beverages from 10 different local hawkers in Girei town, Adamawa State, Nigeria and screened for microbial contamination. The pH of the samples ranged between 3.44 - 4.34 and total bacterial count ranged between 1.0 x 103 - 1.8 x 104 cells/ml. The presence of high microbial loads was indication of poor hygiene and/or poor quality cereals and water used in the preparations. The microorganisms recovered were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococuus pyogenes, Rhizopus nigricans, Penicillium digitatum, Asper-gillus fumigatus and Monilia sitophila. The types and density of microorganisms recovered from calls for urgent measures to be taken by regulatory authorities in the processing and handling of the product before being sold to the unsuspecting general public.
Key words: Microbial quality, Kunun-zaki, microbial load, microbial contamination.
J. H., Elmahmood , A. M.* and Doughari
https://doi.org/10.46882/AFST/1147Research Article
Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 11 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2023. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Studies on character association and path analysis of certain quantitative characters among parental lines of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and their f1 hybrids in a diallel cross
A1*. U. Izge, A2. M. Kadams, and D3. T. Gungula
1Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture,University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
2Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, Schoolof Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Yola, P.M.B. 2076, Yola, Nigeria.
3Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, Schoolof Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Yola, P.M.B. 2076, Yola, Nigeria
Accepted 10 November, 2022
Abstract
A two- year study was conducted during the cropping season of 2004 and 2005 at Maiduguri (110 53I N, 130 16I E) and at Yola (90 8I N, 120 29I E), Nigeria. The study was conducted to determine the correlation and path coefficients among the yield and yield component characters in 10 parental lines and 45 hybrids of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. R. Br), formulated by a diallel cross excluding recipro-cals. Strong and significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations were observed between total grain yield with yield/plant, number of tillers/plant, number of leaves/plant, plant height, panicle length and number of seeds/panicle. The path analysis indicated that, grain yield/plant, days to 50% flowering and plant height had the highest direct effects on total grain yield. The panicle length and the threshing percentage had the least direct effects on total grain yield. The direct effect of yield/plant was greatly reduced by the negative indirect effects through days to 50% flowering and downy mildew incidence, even though it was not significant. Similarly, the direct effect of plant height was very much influenced by the negligible indirect effects of threshing percentage, downy mildew incidence and 100-grain weight. The grain yield/plant, number of seed/panicle, and plant height in this study has been identified as selection criteria for obtaining good parental lines and hybrids in a pearl millet breeding program.
Key words: pearl millet, total grain yield, correlation, path analysis, parental lines, hybrids.
and D T. Gungula, *A.U. Izge, A. M. Kadams
https://doi.org/10.46882/AFST/1146