ISSN 2756-3340
Research Article
African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research Vol. 1 (3), pp. 038-041, November, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The role of trace components in wagner diabetic patients
*Arik Ahmet, Orhan Yilmaz and Sakip V. Erban
Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 29 October, 2014
Abstract
Wagner's classification is the most widely used grading system in diabetic foot infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the trace elements in diabetic foot infected patients graded with Wagner's classification. This prospective study was carried out on 50 diabetic patients with variable severity of foot infections and 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects in Dicle University, Turkey, between October 2006 and November 2008. Diabetic foot infections were graded according to Wagner classification and deep tissue cultures were performed from all diabetic foot infected patients. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used in the measurement of trace elements in the serum. serum zinc and copper levels were significantly elevated in patients with Wagner 3 and 4 compared to Wagner 2 and 1 graded patients and healthy controls. Also Wagner 1 and 2 graded patients had higher serum zinc levels compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). This study confirms that trace elements may be used as a leading sign to determine the severity of infections in diabetic foot wounds and may be used to predict outcome of diabetic foot infections.
Key words: Copper, zinc, diabetic foot and classification.
*Arik Ahmet, Orhan Yilmaz and Sakip V. Erban
Page: 38 - 41
Research Article
African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research Vol. 1 (3), pp. 035-037, November, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
HIV co-disease amongst people living with tuberculosis in northwestern, Ethiopia
*Negasso Dinka and Tsefaye Yimenu
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 03 October, 2014
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV co-infection among TB patients in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia. Medical records of 1086 pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients registered from 2009 to 2012 at two health centers in the district were reviewed. HIV status was determined on 849 (78.2%) patients. The prevalence of HIV co-infection was 97 (11.4%). The majority, 61 (62.9%) and 90 (92.8%) of them were females and belonged to socio-economically productive age group, respectively. About half, 48 (49.5%) were smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients. In conclusion, these findings call for an emergency reaction through strengthening the tuberculosis and HIV collaborative activities, decentralizing the diagnostic and treatment centers to reach the periphery, providing women and young-age targeted interventions, stepping up early diagnosis and treatment initiation, improving nutritional supplementation to boost immunity, and providing prophylaxis to prevent opportunistic infections. Performing culture tests for all HIV infected smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients is also recommended.
Key words: TB/HIV co-infection, prevalence, Ethiopia.
Tsefaye Yimenu, *Negasso Dinka
Page: 35 - 37
Research Article
African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research Vol. 1 (2), pp. 031-034, October, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Helicobacter pylori-DNA in nasal polyp tissues in contrast with inferior nasal turbinate tissues: A case-control examination in Tehran, Iran
*Mahmoud Ruhollah, Mohsen Majid and Behzad Khatima
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Payame Noor University, Iran.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 30 September, 2014
Abstract
This study is aimed at comparing serum Helicobacter pylori antibodies and H. pylori–DNA in tissue between cases with nasal polyps and controls. A case control study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rasul Hospital, Tehran, Persia between 2007 and 2008 upon polyp tissues from 62 nasal polyposis cases and inferior nasal turbinate mucosa from 25 controls. H. pylori-DNA was assessed by qualitative PCR and specific H. pylori antibodies (IgG and IgA) were detected in serum by ELISA method and compared between the two groups. P<0.05 was considered significant. The mean age of cases and controls were 37.5±13.7 and 31±11.5 years, respectively. H. pylori –DNA was detected in 32.3% (20/62) of nasal polyposis cases and 4% (1/25) of controls (P value<0.005). H. pylori antibodies (IgA) were detected in serum of 14.5% (9/62) cases and 4% (1/25) of controls (P=0.27). Previous immunity (IgG) was observed more often in the serum of nasal polyposis cases (44/62, 71%) vs controls (8/25, 32%) (P=0.001). A possible role for H. pylori infection in nasal polyps was defined. We recommend PCR as the best method for evaluating H. pylori infection. Whether or not H. pylori play a pathogenic role could not be determined from the data obtained in this investigation. If such a correlation is established in future studies, long-term antibiotic treatment in cases with nasal polyp that do not respond to surgery or steroids may be useful
Key words: H. pylori, specific H. pylori antibodies, H. pylori –DNA, Nasal polyp.
Mohsen Majid and Behzad Khatima, *Mahmoud Ruhollah
Page: 31 - 34
Research Article
Full Length Research Paper
A test of infectious diseases reporting framework in China
*Lee wang and Cheng Wang
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 25 September, 2014
Abstract
Notifiable infectious diseases reporting system is vital for infectious diseases surveillance and basis for infectious disease prevention and control strategy. Well formulated notifiable disease reporting system is a vital tool for public health surveillance. A qualitative survey was conducted among senior professional staffs who work on notifiable infectious diseases surveillance at provincial city, and county level Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in China via e-mail questionnaire. Informed consent was guaranteed. There were a total of 39 participants who returned questionnaires of the 42 submitted. Most participants (79.5%) agreed that case definition of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is not so clear, and 82.1% participants thought adjustment of HFMD case definition is needed. There was no statistical significance for X2 test. Most participants (76.9%) agreed that case definition of infectious diarrhea is not so clear, X2 test showed statistical significant (odds ratio (OR) = 6.88, p < 0.05) 89.7%; participants thought adjustment of infectious diarrhea case definition is needed. There were 48.7% participants who thought there was an underreporting of infectious diarrhea, X2 test showed statistical significant (OR = 9.96, p < 0.01). Most participants demonstrated that confirmed clinical laboratory reporting is more valuable than symptom case report for infectious disease surveillance. Adjustment of HFMD and infectious diarrhoea of notifiable infectious diseases should clarify the case definition and strengthen sentinel surveillance. A quality-assureed infectious disease surveillance system should integrate results from clinical laboratories and epidemiological data.
Key words: Notifiable infectious disease, surveillance, hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD), infectious
diarrhea.
Cheng Wang, *Lee wang
Page: 27 - 30
Research Article
African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research Vol. 1 (2), pp. 023-026, October, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Cutaneous infectious ailments in teenagers in Tunisia
*Hendrik West, Nathaniel E. A and Micheal Zack
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Email: [email protected]
Accepted 15 September, 2014
Abstract
Few studies have been completed in adolescent’s cutaneous diseases. The aim of this work is to assess the adolescent epidemiological profile of the cutaneous infectious diseases and its evolution between 1997 and 2007. We have performed a comparative retrospective study on all adolescent outpatients attending Charles Nicolle’s Hospital Dermatological Department on 1997 and 2007 and focused on cutaneous disease. The total number of outpatients was 9254 and 11343 on 1997 and 2007, respectively. Among this population, we counted 1155 teenagers on 1997 (12.4%) and 1176 teenagers on 2007 (10.63%). Comparatively, the results revealed that there were no significant differences in terms of age and gender between 1997 and 2007. For both years, the majority of cutaneous infections were of viral origin, followed by fungal dermatosis, bacterial dermatosis and finally parasitic dermatosis. We have noted a major modification in the skin infections profile: a decrease in bacterial skin diseases frequency (P < 10-3), and an increase in warts (P = 0.02) and scabies (P = 0.014). Meanwhile, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including venereal warts have also considerably increased especially in teenage females (P = 0.059).
Key words: Warts, adolescents, pityriasis vesicular
*Hendrik West, Nathaniel E. A and Micheal Zack
Page: 23 - 26
Research Article
African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research Vol. 1 (2), pp. 020-022, October, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Early warning CUSUM plans for surveillance of infectious diseases in Wuhan, China
*Jiro E. Jay, Shuo Chang wu and Jason Ying-Jeou
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 07 September, 2014
Abstract
This study is in order to explore the effect of cumulative sum (CUSUM) in the early warning of infectious diseases. The infection percentile of chickenpox in 2005 to 2009 was set as baseline. Using CUSUM for the early warning of chickenpox infection in 2010, the CUSUM parameter was determined in Wuhan City. CUSUM showed high specificity for the warning of a special time point; its low sensitivity can be compensated by reducing baseline or t value. The percentile method can promote the effect of CUSUM on the early warning of prevalent diseases. In Wuhan, when Ci is less than 10, the disease is not considered prevalent, but when Ci is more than 20, the disease is likely to be prevalent. In combination with the percentile method, CUSUM has high sensitivity and specificity for the early warning of infectious diseases and is useful for the prediction of the prevalence of diseases.
Key words: Cumulative sum (CUSUM), chickenpox, percentile, Wuhan.
*Jiro E. Jay, Shuo Chang wu and Jason Ying-Jeou
Page: 20 - 22