African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research ISSN 4729-6836 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research paper

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Cw allele association among psoriasis patients from Western India

U. Shankarkumar*, A. Shankarkumar and K. Ghosh

National Institute of Immunohaematology, Indian Council of Medical Research 13^th Floor, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai – 400012, India.

Accepted 07 December, 2019

Abstract

Psoriasis a common autoimmune disorder characterized by T cell mediated keratinocyte hyperproliferation known to be associated with the presence of certain specific HLA alleles. In this study our aim was to evaluate distribution of Human leukocyte antigen (HLA-Cw) susceptible allele of psoriasis from patients in Western India. The study included 84 Psoriasis patients and 91 normal individuals from the same geographical region. Human leukocyte antigen HLA-C was typed using high resolution polymerase chain reaction- sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) technique. The study revealed significant increase in frequencies of Cw*0202 (OR-6.508, P<0.0001) and Cw*0604 (OR-17.710, P=0.0153) when compared to controls while Cw*1502 (OR-0.130, P=0.0490) were significantly decreased in psoriasis patients. Our study shows a strong association of HLA Cw*0202 and Cw*0604 alleles with psoriasis conferring to its susceptibility to psoriasis patients from Western India.

Key words: HLA Cw alleles, Psoriasis, Mumbai, Western India.

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research ISSN 4729-6836 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full length Research paper

Erectile dysfunction as a marker of impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG)

Olafimihan K. O¹, Ayinmode B. A¹, Odeigah L. O¹ and Akande A. A²*

¹Department of Family Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, P. M. B. 1459, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

²Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, P. M. B. 1459, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

Accepted 26 October, 2019

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) type II is one of the systemic disorders most frequently associated with erectile dysfunction (ED). It has been estimated that as many as 75% of men with DM will be confronted with the problem in about 5 – 10 years earlier than control. Equally, the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is high and it has been shown that greater than 20% of the population has IGT, while only 10% of the population develops frank DM in their life time. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ED in both impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) and early diabetes mellitus (DM) in a Nigerian tertiary diabetes treatment centre. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 420 subjects were recruited for the study by systematic random sampling method. Erectile function domain (ED) was assessed by a respondent self–rated ‘one through five questions’ of the international index of erectile function (IIEF) . Analysis was done using the glucose oxidase method. IFG was significantly associated with ED (p < 0.05) as many (56.5%) of the subjects with IFG also had ED. Also, diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with (p < 0.05) ED. IFG like IGT are not clinical entities, but rather risk categories for future diabetes with much earlier medical presentation such as ED. This finding has important clinical implications for primary care physicians asking questions about sexual health with a dysglycemic screening of ED group for a modification to prevent the disease progression.

Key words: Erectile dysfunction, impaired fasting glucose, diabetes mellitus.

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research ISSN 4729-6836 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and VDRL in blood donors: Prevalence and trends in the last three and a half years in a tertiary health care facility in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

L. Salawu*, R. A. Bolarinwa, A. B. Adegunloye and H. A. Muraina

Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Accepted 17 October, 2019

Abstract

The aim of this work is to evaluate the prevalence and trends of transfusion transmissible infectious agents in our blood donors. The screening records of all blood donors from January 2006 to June 2009 were evaluated with respect to screening outcome for HBsAg, anti-HIV, anti-HCV and VDRL. Rapid test kits were used for all screening. Prevalence rates were calculated for the TTIs per hundred donations. Of the total 14,500 donors bled, 7.50% were positive for HBsAg, 0.96% for anti-HIV, 0.86% for anti-HCV, and 2.61% for VDRL. There was a gradual decline in the prevalence rate of HBsAg from 9.20% in 2006, to 8.37 in 2007 and 6.25% in 2008; with a rise in the first half of 2009 to 6.32%. Similarly, HIV prevalence declined from 1.44% in 2006 to 0.94% in 2007 and 0.66% in 2008 but rose to 0.96% in the first half of 2009. HCV prevalence fluctuated throughout the period under study. Prevalence of syphilis declined from 2.93% in 2008 to 1.92% in 2009. Twenty- seven of those rejected had multiple infections. TTIs are still prevalent in our blood donors and the observed multiple co-infection in some of our donor reinforces the common route of transmission of these TTIs.

Key words: Prevalence, transfusion transmissible infections, blood donors, teaching hospital, Nigeria.

Key words: Methotrexate, skin, toxicity, necrolysis.

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Research ISSN 4729-6836 Vol. 7 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Relationship between homocystein blood level and multiple sclerosis

Seyed Ali Masoud* and Esmail Fakharian Neurosurjery

Department of Neurology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, India.

Accepted 13 October, 2019

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis which is identified by the triad of inflammation, demyelination, and gliosis, is a chronic disease beginning early in adulthood. It is a disease of time and place, meaning involves different locations in different time intervals, and results in a variability of symptoms and signs including visual complains, motor weakness, and cerebellar problems. Although the main cause of the disease is unknown, however, induced autoimmune responses, particularly in a compromised genetic background, to some environmental factors are well known causes for it. The effect of serum homocystein on this disease is the focus of many recent studies. In this study we have assessed serum homocystein level in normal and patients with multiple sclerosis in Kashan in 2007. This case controlled study has carried on 26 cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) and 26 normal cases referred to Neurology Clinics in Kashan. After obtaining informed consent form from the enrolled cases, data including age, sex, history of hypertension, cardiac or cerebral vascular attacks, TIA, and Parkinson were recorded and matched in the groups. Two cubic centimeters (cc) of venous blood obtained from each person and sent for measurement of serum homocystein with HP_LC method. The obtained data were analyzed with T test, Chi Square test, and Odds Ratio. In each group there were 21(81%) female and 5 (19%) males. The age range of 20 to 29 with 10 cases (38%) was commonest category in both groups. Mean homocystein level in MS group was 9.22 ± 3.58 m/dl and in normal group was 6.93 ± 6.03 m/dl. It was 8.07 ± 5.04 m/dl for all of the cases. There is a significant difference between seum level of case group with that of normals (P < 0.05). The highest level of homocystein was 33 m/dl in a normal 30 year old female and the least amount was zero in a diseased 39 year old female. Mean age for case group was 34.73 ± 8.46 and 34.53 ± 7.51 in controls. It was 34.62 ± 7.93 for the whole cases. There was no significant difference in age between the groups (P > 0.005). Higher levels of homocystein in patients with MS in comparison with their normal counterparts may be a clue to a relationship useful in control of the disease progress or flare ups.

Key words: Homocystein, multiple sclerosis.