ISSN 2756-3278
Research Article
Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management ISSN: 9424-2933 Vol. 3 (2), pp. 223-227, February, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effects of reproductive biology on heavy metal pollution on the histopathological structure of gonads in India
Mukesh Mehta Ambani
Department of Zoology, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 4 January 2015
Abstract
Water pollution caused by heavy metals affects breeding and development in fishes of Harike wetland. The effects of heavy metals on fishes are related to their uptake and accumulation by the organism, resulting in metal induced disturbances in the structures and functions of various tissues and organs. Early life stage of fish development, such as oocytes maturation is very sensitive to intoxication. Samples of the fish Labeo rohita were collected from the two sites to assess the effects of the water quality and concentrations of heavy metals on the fish ovary. The histopathological changes in gonads have been studied due to exposure of different pollutants. It was concluded that incidences of gonadal abnormalities in the form of deformed oocytes, reduction in their numbers and lack of active oogenesis have been observed. From the results it is inferred that wetland is passing through an alarming situation because deformities in early stages of oocytes have been observed. It is posing a serious threat to the biodiversity existing there. It is recommended that waste water discharge from various sources should be treated to protect the fish and the public health from the menace of pollution.
Key words: Wetland, Industrial pollution, toxicity, Labeo rohita, oocytes.
Mukesh Mehta Ambani
Page: 223 - 227
https://doi.org/10.46882/AAFM/1039Research Article
Population of bacteria in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture pond deposit in Vietnam
Kulapat R. Dhanasevi
Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 20 December, 2014
Abstract
Three intensive tilapia ponds were studied to determine the bacterial population during the culture period in Hai Duong province, Vietnam. Bacteria were identified to genus or species level. Total bacteria count in sediment ranged from 6.49 × 105 to 1.29 × 106 cfu g-1. In total, 11 bacterial genera and 13 species were identified from pond sediments, in which both gram-negative and gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria dominated the population accounting for 52 and 48%, respectively. Both beneficial and harmful bacteria were found in sediments, in which the harmful bacterial species dominated (62.5%) and appeared more at the beginning of culture. The harmful bacteria were Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas sp., Vibrio pectenicida, Enterococcus, sp.HD31, Enterococcus sp.HD1, Vibrio damsella, Aeromonas sp.HD5, Vibrio sp. HD7, Vibrio sp.HD331, Aeromonas sp.HD361, Enterococcus sp.HD371, Vibrio sp.V31, Aeromonas hydrophyla and Pseudomonas putida. In contrast, beneficial bacteria accounted for 20.8% only of total isolates. The beneficial bacteria were Carnobacterium inhibens, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Bacillus pumilus; they appeared more in the later stage of culture period.
Key words: Bacteria, Oreochromis niloticus, intensive culture pond, sediment, beneficial bacteria, harmful bacteria.
Kulapat R. Dhanasevi
Page: 217 - 222
https://doi.org/10.46882/AAFM/1038Research Article
Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management ISSN: 9424-2933 Vol. 2 (12), pp. 206-216, December, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Genetic associations amongst subpopulation of Arapaima gigas
Vinicius Barrose Candau
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 10 November, 2014
Abstract
Arapaima gigas, also known as pirarucu, is endemic to the Amazon basin. There is currently considerable effort being made to cultivate this species to reduce pressure on natural populations. We characterized the diversity and genetic structure of subpopulations of wild and captive A. gigas based on 19 microsatellite loci. Captive subpopulations of A. gigas exhibited less diversity than wild individuals. We also verified the existence of outlier loci under selective pressure in both subpopulations, indicating the occurrence of local adaptation in some individuals of A. gigas. Furthermore, we identified a high-level genetic structure among the subpopulations, with no mixing between subpopulations. The lack of mixing between populations, the local adaptation, and the genetic structure indicate that these subpopulations should be managed and isolated to prevent captive individuals from escaping into the wild, which would reduce the diversity of the wild subpopulations. We suggest a program for the genetic management of captive subpopulations to avoid the random loss of genetic variability and the selection of characteristics that are undesirable for commercial and conservation purposes.
Key words: Allelic diversity, osteoglossidae, conservation and management, heterezygosity, osteoglossiformes.
Vinicius Barrose C, au
Page: 206 - 216
https://doi.org/10.46882/AAFM/1037Research Article
Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management ISSN: 9424-2933 Vol. 2 (11), pp. 203-205, November, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Fish Parasites (Labeo rohita and Schizothorax niger) of Jammu and Kashmir in India
Mukesh Mehta Ambani
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 20 October, 2014
Abstract
The present study has been carried out to find out the parasites of Schizothorax niger and Labeo rohita during different months of the year 2013 to 2014. Parasites belonging to two groups viz. ciliophoran (Chilodonella) and crustacean (Argulus) were recorded from 200 fishes of Rohu (L. rohita) and S. niger collected from different parts of Jammu and Kashmir. These two parasites belong to Ectoparasitic group and no other parasite was recorded in the present study. The highest prevalence (60%) of infection has been recorded in ciliophorans and the lowest was in crustacean (48%). It was observed that highest parasitic prevalence (54%) was recorded during winter season (December-February) while the lowest prevalence (0%) recorded during rainy season (June-August). Cyprinid fish S. niger infested with ciliophoran had no pathogenic signs and the clinical signs were represented as increase of mucus laden masses on the surface of gills. No pathogenic signs were seen in L. rohita infested with Crustacean parasite and clinical signs were represented as gasping air, pale skin color, sluggish swimming, increase of mucus production and floating on surface often causes mortality. This is first report of protozoan parasites from fishes of Jammu and Kashmir.
Key words: Ectoparasites, Protozoan, Ciliophoran, Labeo rohita, Schizothorax niger.
Mukesh Mehta Ambani
Page: 203 - 205
https://doi.org/10.46882/AAFM/1036Research Article
Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management ISSN: 9424-2933 Vol. 2 (10), pp. 196-202, October, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevention of parasites of fresh water shrimp (Atya gabonensis) from Rivers in Makurdi
*Olagunsoye F. Rotimi, Fatou B. Dabiri and Toyin F.O
E-mail: [email protected]
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, P.O.Box 3340 Nigeria.
Abstract
Accepted 15 September, 2014
The study investigated the parasitic prevalence of freshwater shrimps (Atya gabonensis) in the lower Benue River for a period of six months (March – August, 2012) during which a total of 1000 shrimps were sampled randomly from the landing sites of the River Benue and were analyzed at the parasitology laboratory of the verterinary teaching hospital, University of Agriculture, Makurdi. The gills of shrimps had the highest parasitic prevalence of 50.36% and the intestine with the lowest parasitic prevalence of 5.40%. Shrimps were infected more with ciliates with prevalence rate of 49.37% and less infected with cestodes with prevalence rate of 6.43%. Monthly condition factor shows that in March, April, June and July there was a significant difference(P< 0.05) between male and female, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between male and female in May and August. Correlation between weight and infection, total length and infection, weight and total length of A. gabonensis shows that correlation between weight and infection r=0.008, total length and infection r=0.007 and correlation between weight and total length r=0.853 and has a significant difference. It was observed that the number of shrimps infected with parasite was associated with sex.
Key words: Atya gabonensis, condition factor, parasitic prevalence.
Fatou B. Dabiri and Toyin F.O, *Olagunsoye F. Rotimi
Page: 196 - 202
https://doi.org/10.46882/AAFM/1035Research Article
Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Vol. 2 (9), pp. 192-195, September, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Detailed analysis of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from environmental samples and fish specimens during a massive fish kill in Kuwait Bay
Bochabery O. , Brayant Ajwang and Amobi Musyoka
Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Karatina University, P. O. Box 1957-10101, Karatina, Kenya. Kenya Wildlife Service Training Institute, Kenyatta Avenue, P. O. Box 842, Naivasha, Kenya.
E-mail:[email protected].
Accepted 26 August, 2014
Abstract
This study was undertaken to identify and characterize bacterial isolates obtained simultaneously from dead fish samples during a massive fish kill in Kuwait Bay and sewage water samples running into Kuwait Bay, using conventional and molecular techniques. Of the 71 bacterial isolates studied, 66 isolates were recovered from seven different fish species and five isolates were isolated from sewage samples. The species-specific identity of the isolates was established by phenotypic characteristics and by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, using Streptococcus agalactiae-specific primers. The genotyping of 12 isolates from fish samples and all five isolates from sewage samples was performed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses. Culture methods identified 44 of 66 (67%) and 4 of 5 (80%) isolates obtained from fish and sewage samples, respectively, as S. agalactiae. The PCR amplification of 16S rRNA not only confirmed the results of conventional methods, but also resulted in additional identification of 14 of 66 (21%) isolates obtained from fish samples and the remaining isolate recovered from sewage sample as S. agalactiae. A total of nine RAPD patterns were observed among the 17 isolates studied and the RAPD patterns could be grouped into three clusters. Interestingly, four of the isolates recovered from sewage samples produced nearly identical RAPD banding patterns (85 - 100% similarity) with some of the S. agalactiae strains isolated from Mullet kidney and brain specimens, indicating the possibility of sewage being the source of infection.
Key words: S. agalactiae, fish infections, molecular characterization, RAPD
Brayant Ajwang and Amobi Musyoka, Bochabery O.
Page: 192 - 195
https://doi.org/10.46882/AAFM/1034